Transcriptional modulation of regulatory T cell development by novel regulators NR4As

원희연,Eun Sook Hwang 대한약학회 2016 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.39 No.11

Regulatory T (Treg) cells with high expressionof both CD25 and Foxp3 are developed in the thymus andalso peripheral tissues. Treg cells suppress the activationand functions of effector T cells raised against specificantigens and are crucial for maintaining immune home-ostasis. Treg cell development is associated with theinduction of and epigenetic alterations of forkhead tran-scription factor Foxp3. Foxp3 expression is increased bythe activation of several transcription factors includingnuclear factor-kappa B (NF-jB), nuclear factor of activatedT cells (NFAT), and Smad3 in response to various signalssuch as TGFb, retinoic acid, and rapamycin. Recently, theorphan nuclear receptor 4A proteins (NR4As) includingNR4A1 (Nur77), NR4A2 (Nurr1), and NR4A3 (Nor1) arereported to regulate Treg cell development through acti-vation of Foxp3 and have therapeutic potentials in treatingimmune disorders. This review summarizes the functionand regulatory mechanisms of Treg cells and also impli-cates current advances in immunomodulatory functions ofNR4As and their therapeutic potentials in inflammationand cancer.

부산경제의 구조적 문제와 개선방향

원희연 한국국민경제학회 1996 경제연구 Vol.5 No.1

정책도구가 기술혁신에 미치는 효과 - 산업 유형의 조절작용을 중심으로 -

원희연 한국IT정책경영학회 2019 한국IT정책경영학회 논문지 Vol.11 No.2

This study empirically examines how policy instrument impacts technological innovation and it also investigates the moderating effects of industry-specific characteristics on the relationship between policy instrument and technological innovation, using 2016 Korean Innovation Survey(KIS) by STEPI. This article classifies policy instrument into regulation, incentives, and information by typology of Vedung(1998). The characteristics of industry are divided into supplier-dominated sector, specialized-suppliers sector, scale-intensive sector and science-based sector according to Pavitt(1984). The main findings are as follows. A multiple regression analysis demonstrates that a high level recognition of regulation and information increases technological innovation, whereas a high level recognition of incentives decreases it. Following regression analysis shows that production intensive sector and science-based sector negatively affect technological innovation. The positive effect of incentives becomes stronger in science-based sector and the positive effect of information gets stronger in production intensive sector. Overall, this study suggests that government support policy needs to be more specific by taking the characteristics and context of enterprises into consideration.

Marx恐慌論의 再檢討

元熙淵 釜山大學校 經營 經濟 硏究所 1990 經營 經濟 硏究 Vol.9 No.1

선처치료 누락방지를 위한 활동

원희연,유기숙,이윤섭,임숙,김지연,김은경,이종미,김영임,안영미,신호영,백승미,송진희,박찬혜,김희숙,심영애,김소자,김순영 한국의료QA학회 2007 가을학술대회 Vol.2007 No.3

[부산의 미래 먹거리 찾기] 국내외 산업환경 변화 고려해 미래지향 관점으로 접근 필요

원희연 부산연구원 2011 부산발전포럼 Vol.- No.130

투입산출 구조분해를 통해 본 자동차산업의 성장기여율 분석

원희연,박재운 한국산업경제학회 2009 산업경제연구 Vol.22 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 투입산출 구조분해 (Input-Output Structural Decomposition Analysis)를 통해 자동차산업의 요인별 성장기여율을 분석하는 것이다. 구조분해 분석결과 요인별 성장기여율은 2003-2005년 기간 중 수출수요(38.2%), 기술변화(38.2%), 최종수요(24.5%)의 순으로 나타났다. 국내소비와 투자에 의해 크게 영향을 받는 최종수요 성장기여율이 최근 들어 급격히 낮아졌는데, 동 기간 중 국내소비 및 투자액 감소에 기인한다. 이는 자동차산업에 있어서 국내소비나 투자가 활성화 되지 않을 경우 최종수요의 성장기여율은 낮아질 수밖에 없다는 것을 의미한다. 따라서 자동차산업에 대한 소비활성화 및 중기적 관점의 투자활성화가 필요하다. 또한 수출수요 성장기여율 역시 최근 들어 이전기간의 성장 폭을 훨씬 밑돌고 있을 뿐만 아니라 정체상태를 보이고 있다. 따라서 완성차의 수출확대뿐만 아니라 자동차용엔진 및 부분품에 대한 수출활로를 보다 적극적으로 모색할 필요가 있다. 최종재수입대체 성장기여율의 경우 가장 최근의 두 분석기간 모두 마이너스를 보여 수입최종재로의 대체가 나타났다. 이는 국산최종재로의 대체비율이 낮아져 최종재에 대한 수입의존도가 높아졌다는 의미이다. 따라서 국산자동차에 대한 인지도 제고 및 품질경쟁력을 높일 수 있는 방안 또한 필요하다. The objective of this study is to examine a contribution to the main growth factors on the Korean motor vehicles industry by the input-output structural decomposition analysis. Major findings of this study are as follows; First, Korean motor vehicles industry's demand for export (38.2%), technological change(38.2%), and final demand(24.5%) play key roles among the growth factors. In conclusion, a growth contribution to the final demand has decreased sharply during the Year 2003-2005. This is due to the decreasing of domestic consumption and investment. Thus, for the sustainable growth of the Korean motor vehicles industry, it is required to Promote the motor vehicles industry-related domestic consumption and to enlarge the midterm-based relating R&D investment. It is required not only to expand the motor vehicles-related export, but also to enlarge the motor vehicles-related parts and components aggressively, because the growth contribution to the demand for export has decreased or stagnated since the Year 2000-2003

Enhancement of Allergen-induced Airway Inflammation by NOX2 Deficiency

원희연,황은숙,장은정,민현정 대한면역학회 2011 Immune Network Vol.11 No.3

Background: NADPH oxidase (NOX) modulates cell proliferation,differentiation and immune response through generation of reactive oxygen species. Particularly, NOX2 is recently reported to be important for regulating Treg cell differentiation of CD4+ T cells. Methods: We employed ovalbumin-induced airway inflammation in wild-type and NOX2-deficient mice and analyzed tissue histopathology and cytokine profiles. Results: We investigated whether NOX2-deficiency affects T cell-mediated airway inflammation. Ovalbumin injection which activates T cell-mediated allergic response increased airway inflammation in wild-type mice, as evidenced by increased immune cell infiltration, allergic cytokine expression,and goblet cell hyperplasia in the lung. Interestingly,NOX2 knockout (KO) mice were more susceptible to allergen-induced lung inflammation compared to wild-type mice. Immune cells including neutrophils, lymphocytes, macrophages,and eosinophils were drastically infiltrated into the lung of NOX2 KO mice and mucus secretion was substantially increased in deficiency of NOX2. Furthermore, inflammatory allergic cytokines and eotaxin were significantly elevated in NOX2 KO mice, in accordance with enhanced generation of inflammatory cytokines interleukin-17 and interferon-γ by CD4+ T cells. Conclusion: These results indicate that NOX2 deficiency favorably produces inflammatory cytokines by T cells and thus increases the susceptibility to severe airway inflammation.

정적 웹 표준 검사 모델 제안

원희연,김재웅,정영석 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2024 韓國컴퓨터情報學會論文誌 Vol.29 No.4

인터넷 익스플로러의 서비스 종료 이후 ActiveX의 사용이 종료됨에 따라 Non-ActiveX 정책이확산되었다. Non-ActiveX 정책을 바탕으로 정해진 웹 페이지 표준 규약으로 HTML5가 채택되어사용되고 있다. W3C(World Wide Web Consortium)에서 개발된 HTML5는 다양한 기능을 플러그인없이 브라우저만으로 쉽게 사용할 수 있고, 기존 HTML에 비해 다양한 요소와 속성이 추가되었으며 API를 통해 더 나아진 웹 응용 환경을 제공하고 있다. 그러나 새로 추가된 기술들로부터 새로운 보안 취약점이 발견되었고, 이러한 취약점으로 인하여 공격 범위가 넓어졌다. HTML5가 적용된 웹 사이트에서 발생할 수 있는 보안 취약점을 찾기 위한 연구가 부족하다. 본 논문은 최근 5년 이내에 플러그인이 제거된 공공기관 웹 페이지를 대상으로 웹 페이지의 보안 취약점을 탐지하고 분석하여 웹 취약점을 가지는 태그 및 속성을 탐지하는 모델을 제안한다. 제안된 모델을 웹 페이지에 적용한다면 플러그인 제거 후에도 현재까지 웹 페이지의 웹 표준 준수 여부 및 취약점을 분석할 수 있어 신뢰성 있는 웹 서비스를 제공할 수 있다. 그리고 해킹 피해로 인한 금전적, 물리적 문제들을 예방하는 데 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다. After the end of the service of Internet Explorer, the use of ActiveX ended, and the Non-ActiveX policy spread. HTML5 is used as a standard protocol for web pages established based on the Non-ActiveX policy. HTML5, developed in the W3C(World Wide Web Consortium), provides a better web application experience through API, with various elements and properties added to the browser without plug-in. However, new security vulnerabilities have been discovered from newly added technologies, and these vulnerabilities have widened the scope of attacks. There is a lack of research to find possible security vulnerabilities in HTML5-applied websites. This paper proposes a model for detecting tags and attributes with web vulnerabilities by detecting and analyzing security vulnerabilities in web pages of public institutions where plug-ins have been removed within the last five years. If the proposed model is applied to the web page, it can analyze the compliance and vulnerabilities of the web page to date even after the plug-in is removed, providing reliable web services. And it is expected to help prevent financial and physical problems caused by hacking damage.

논문 : 우리나라 수상운송업의 산업연관관계와 성장기여요인 변화추이 분석

원희연 ( Hee Yeon Won ),박재운 ( Jae Un Park ) 한국해운물류학회 (구 한국해운학회) 2008 해운물류연구 Vol.59 No.-