한국 의사의 역사적 정체성 형성

여인석,Yeo, In-sok 연세대학교 의과대학 2021 의학교육논단 Vol.23 No.2

In modern society, doctors are a representative example of professionals-that is, doctors are members of an occupation with high barriers to entry. For doctors, long-term education, training, and licensing are factors that make it difficult to enter medical practice. These external characteristics, which have mainly arisen in the modern era, play an important part in the professional identity of doctors. Nonetheless, the core of the doctor's identity is the identity of the healer. In today's Korean society, the universal identity of doctors as healers results from a combination of the special historical identity of professionals with high entry barriers. Korean society currently demands a high level of ethical awareness from doctors. These demands are partly derived from the nature of the practice of medical care, but they also reflect demands for strong social responsibility as professionals. It is difficult to cultivate professional ethics simply by imposing legitimate virtues, presenting an ideal model, or emphasizing moral education that is not fully realistic. A deep-rooted sense of professional ethics stems from a clear awareness of professional identity. Education plays an important role in the formation and awareness of doctors' professional identity, and various types of content and methods can be used in education. However, since the identity of an entity is formed through the process of historical experience, it is thought that the historical process of the formation of doctors as a profession should be included as an important part of education.

에비슨의 사상

여인석 ( In Sok Yeo ) 연세대학교 의과대학 의사학과 의학사연구소 2010 연세의사학 Vol.13 No.2

Oliver R. Avison (1860.1956), a Christian missionary, teacher, and doctor, was a man of action, rather than an abstract thinker. His action was the expression of his thinking. Avison had a firm belief in and a clear notion of his identity and the role assigned to him. His forty-two years’ dedication in Korea yielded visible results. He was in charge of Severance Union Medical College and Yonhee College in Seoul until his retirement of 1935, turning both colleges into extremely distinguished institutions of higher education. Graduates of both institutions went on to make significant contributions to Korean society at a time when the nation was suffering under Japanese oppression. The two institutions and their graduates provide some of the most obvious evidence of Avison’s achievements in Korea.

특집논문 1 : 의과대학 의학사교육의 현황과 과제

여인석 ( In Sok Yeo ) 연세대학교 의과대학 의사학과 의학사연구소 2010 연세의사학 Vol.13 No.2

Medical history was first taught in Severance Medical College in 1946 by Kim Doo-jong, the founding father of medical history in Korea. Today, over half of the forty-three medical colleges in Korea include medical history courses. However, a lack of sufficient numbers of qualified medical historians means that many of the colleges experience difficulties in running the courses. As the number of medical historians is unlikely to increase sufficiently in the near future to meet the demand, a re-education program needs to be initiated for the current lecturers in charge of the medical history courses. Another challenge facing the history of medical education in Korea is the integration of medical history with medical humanities, which has recently emerged as an important issue in medical education. As medical humanities aims to develop sensibilities such as compassion in medical students, the field focuses more on literature and arts than on history and philosophy. Therefore, a new methodology is required to incorporate the teaching of medical history into the teaching of medical humanities.

제중원과 세브란스 의전의 기초의학 교육과 연구

여인석 ( In Sok Yeo ) 연세대학교 의과대학 의사학과 의학사연구소 2009 연세의사학 Vol.12 No.1

The modern medical education in Korea began with Dr. Allen, when he began teaching medical education in the medical school affiliated with the Jejungwon, the first Western hospital in Korea. The medical education began to take more systematic shape when Dr. Avison took over the Jejungwon from the Joseon government in 1894. Dr. Avison made special efforts to prepare medical textbooks in Korean. He faced many difficulties, but he publish medical textbooks in various subjects, including basic medical science such as anatomy, physiology, hygiene, materia medica etc. However, these textbooks discontinued from being used after the Annexation in 1910. During the colonial period, the Severance Union Medical College(SUMC), the direct successor of Jejungwon, was forced to adapt to the Japanese education system. Despite many difficulties the SUMC played very significant role by educating Korean medical scientists and giving them the posts to continue their research that were denied to Koreans at the Keijo Imperial Medical College.

대한의원과 식민지 근대성의 문제

여인석 ( In Sok Yeo ) 연세대학교 의과대학 의사학과 의학사연구소 2008 연세의사학 Vol.11 No.2

Recently, there was a hot debate in Korea over the centennial celebration of Daehan Hospital(大韓醫院). The hospital was built in 1907 when Korea was a protectorate of Japan. It was Ito Hirobumi, the Resident-General of Korea, who proposed the idea of building a huge modern hospital. The idea was soon put into act. The Committee for Building Daehan Hospital was organized in 1906, and Sato Susumu, the medical general of the Japanese Army, was appointed as the chief commissioner. The committee was consisted of 7 members who were all Japanese. The expenses for constructing the building reached 300,000 yen and annual working expenses were more than ten times of the hospital built in 1899 by the Korean government. The motive behind building this huge hospital was evident: to advertise the profit that the Korean people could get by being colonized thus to justify annexation of Korea. The centennial celebration events of Daehan Hospital were planned and carried out by Seoul National University Hospital(SNUH). The criticism was leveled at how a National Hospital of Korea could celebrate the opening of a colonial institute, spending great expenses. Although physical continuity could be admitted-the building of Daehan Hospital has now become a part of Seoul National University Hospital-, it is totally absurd that the hospital that was built by Korean government attempts to celebrate the opening of the hospital that was built with a view to justify the annexation and to serve colonization of Korea. The centennial celebration of Daehan Hospital is no different from celebration of establishing colonial government as the beginning of the modern government in Korea, which is unlikely to be accepted for ordinary Korean people today. Such were the main points of criticism. Faced with this criticism, the SNUH insisted that their centennial events were not planned to ‘celebrate’, but to ‘remember’ the opening of Daehan Hospital, adding that the events deserved to be held because it is the symbol of modern medicine in Korea. They also argued that the Daehan Hospital was a complex of modernity and colonialism, both of which are inseparable from each other. As a consequence, they argued, the denial of Daehan Hospital would result in denial of all the efforts of modernization in medicine that had begun since late 19th century. In order to decolorize colonial tint of Daehan Hospital, they adopted the strategy of presenting Daehan Hospital as a result of Joseon government’s efforts to modernize medicine rather than to regard it as a central base toward establishing colonial system in medicine, an opinion generally accepted on the nature of Daehan Hospital among historians. SNUH`s argument to justify the centennial events, whether it was designed for the purpose of celebration or memorial, reveal very well the problem of colonial modernity in medicine. The problem of colonial modernity is a hot issue in almost every field of Korea which underwent modernization, and medicine is no exception for it. The problem begins to arise when one attempts to separate modernity and colonialism, and to present modernity as a politically neutral value as if it is a virtue which is in itself its own excuse for being. They ignore that in reality modernity is a concept deeply impregnated with the value that was intended by the propagator of that modernity. Therefore, if we do not take into account of the context in which the modernity had been imposed or pursued, and attempt to abstract it from the context in which it had been deeply embedded, we are committing a serious error. Modernity is always directed for something; it hides a certain intension behind it. If we do not raise the question of “modernity for what?,” we cannot prevent the modernity from being misused or abused. As is often the case with in colonialism, modernity serves as a good excuse for colonization. Colonial system of administration may have been more efficient than before; streets may have been cleaner than before; even life expectancy may have been longer than before. All these can be conceived as important achievements of modernity. But we must ask the following question: What were all these achievements for? Can colonization be justified by providing such achievements of modernity as efficiency of administration, prolongation of life expectancy, and other improvement of economic indicators? Are these worth obtaining at the cost of conceding one`s own sovereignty? Despite the visible achievements that the colonial government may have brought, it is clear that the intention of introducing modernity should not be overlooked and colonization cannot be justified by the name of modernity.

프랑스 의학유적 답사기 4 파스퇴르 연구소

여인석 ( In Sok Yeo ) 연세대학교 의과대학 의사학과 의학사연구소 2003 연세의사학 Vol.7 No.2

Thanks to the international fame of Louis Pasteur who raised a considerable amount of funds to develop vaccination against various infectious diseases and to propagate his knowledge the Pasteur Institute was founded on November 14th 1888 The Pasteur Institute has been renowned not only for Pasteur himself but also other competent scholars including Emile Duclaux (general microbe research) and Charles Chamberland (microbe research applied to hygiene) as well as a biologist Elie Metchnikoff (morphological microbe research) and two doctors Joseph Grancher (rabies) and Emile Roux (technical microbe research) Soon after the foundation of the Pasteur Institute an international network of Pasteur Institutes began to be organized and the number of the associated institutes outside France now counts more than 20 The Pasteur Institute in Korea is expected to open next year.

프랑스 의학유적 답사기 3 본의 오텔 디유

여인석 ( In Sok Yeo ) 연세대학교 의과대학 의사학과 의학사연구소 2003 연세의사학 Vol.7 No.1

Beaune is a small town in the Bourgogne region and renowned for its Hotel Dieu The hospital is no longer active and it was transformed into a unique hospital museum about thirty years ago and attracts many visitors from the world all over The museum reveals very well how a hospital was like in pre-Modern period and how medicine was closely interrelated with Christianity A hospital at that period of time was not an avant-garde medicine but it was an institute for Christian charity and sisters took care of the patients No less interesting is to visit a cave attached to the hospital.

아스클레피오스 신앙과 초기 기독교의 관계에서 본 병원의 기원

여인석(YEO In-sok) 대한의사학회 2017 의사학(醫史學) Vol.26 No.1

의사직의 역사적 정체성 형성

여인석 ( In Sok Yeo ) 연세대학교 의과대학 의사학과 의학사연구소 2013 연세의사학 Vol.16 No.2

The question of professional identity of medical doctors is one of the main themes of not only medical history, but also medical sociology and professional sociology. Medical profession is one of the oldest professions which have existed since antiquity. However, the modes of its social existence largely depends on social, historical and cultural context in which the medical profession is placed. Among several important factors which determine the mode of social existence of medical professions, its relationship to state power may be the single most important one. The medical profession has been regarded as the exemplary free profession along with legal professions such as judges or lawyers. Here, the free profession means the profession which is relatively freed from the control of the state. However, it must be noted that the social image of medical profession as a free profession was formed during the specific historical period and it is far from being an universal entity. In particular, the medical profession has a very close relationship with the state power. This paper attempted to show various types of social existence of medical professions according to the different social and historical settings.

역사, 철학 그리고 의학

여인석(In-sok Yeo) 한국의철학회 2006 의철학연구 Vol.1 No.-