http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
- 中文 을 입력하시려면 zhongwen을 입력하시고 space를누르시면됩니다.
- 北京 을 입력하시려면 beijing을 입력하시고 space를 누르시면 됩니다.
RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : 소치형 (검색결과 37 건)
- 무료
- 기관 내 무료
- 유료
-
-
-
蘇致馨 건국대학교 1980 論文集 Vol.12 No.1
1) The present article asseses how Sino-Soviet disputes have affected on changes in the international system of communist states. In reviewing the change, the author has approached to the complex relations between China and Russia from the perspective of China's foreign policy. 2) It has been identified that China has considered (1) security, (2) maintenance of independence, (3) recovery of "lost territories" and (4) exercise of influence as vital interests. Also it has been known that basic determinants in formulating her foreign policy are (1) traditional thought of China being the center of the universe, (2) nationalism, and (3) Marxist-Leninism. 3) From the time of the 20th convention of Soviet communist parties, held in 1956, China has shown differences with the Soviet Union. It's main causes are known to be the ideological antagonism, differences in nuclear strategy, and boundary disputes. Issues at ideological antagonism were centered on anti-imperialism and inevitability of war, which resulted from pursuing policies of peaceful coexistence with the West. As the relations between China and the Soviet Union grew worse, China went nuclear by her own effort to ensure her security. She had before refused to sign on the test-ban treaty sponsored by the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The boundary disputes have remained, at least to China, unresolved, since 1969 border incident of armed clash. 4) China pursued policies of maintaining independence even at the cost of dissolution of alliance treaty with the Soviet Union, which seemed in turn to have motivated Russia to propose "Asian Collective Security System". This meant in practice a policy of encircling China. To counter this China attempted to approach the U.S. Thus Chinese policies toward the Soviet Union are characterized as anti-hegemonism and breaking the encirclement policy of the Soviet Union by developing cooperative relations with the Third World nations and the Western Europe. 5) Split between the two communist giants has resulted in practical dissolution of international system of communist states under the sole leadership of the Soviet Union. In other words, their system became more like the system of "unit veto" in Kaplan's language.
-
-
-
-
蘇致馨 건국대학교 1982 論文集 Vol.14 No.1
1) The present article asseses how the power elites have recruited in communist political system. In reviewing the characteristics of Mao Tse-tung and Kim Il-sung's ruling systems, the author has takened the Elite Approach. 2) It has been identified that elites are who gets the most political values and can use them powerfully in political society. The communist systems have generated conflicts between revolutionary 'red' elites and technical 'expert' elites in process of pursuing developments. 3) In China, political power systems have shown the uniqueness of the Mao's thought in terms of Permanent Revolution. But Mao's leftist revolutionary ideology (the Great Leap Forward, People's Commune, General Line) has been failed to reach a New Path to Socialism. In place of Mao, Liu Shao-ch'i pursued policy of pragmatism and it brought power struggle about the appearance of revisionism. Conflict between the 'red' vs. 'expert', in process of Proletariat Cultural Revolution, has resulted in establishing a powerful Mao's one-man ruling system by the political loyalty of military elites which known to be revolutionary lefts. 4) Kim Il-sung constructed a totalitarian state system on principle of party superiority which by purging away the opponents his own effort. Kim's political authority superintended whole views of 'expert' elites and it consists of political loyalty and cult of the individual. In other words, his one-man controlling system became more like autocracy and it was based on bellicosed revolutionary elites in party and military. 5) Communist political systems are most of all totalitarian autocracy, and control of the party by one person has the highest authority. Because political loyalty to the leader became essential elements of the elites.
-
-
-
日本의 對中共 政策決定過程硏究 : 日ㆍ中共 平和友好條的 文涉을 中心으로 Focus on Sino-Japanese Treaty of Peace and Friendship
蘇致馨 건국대학교 1981 論文集 Vol.13 No.1
1.The present article assesses main elements in decision·making process of Japanese foreign policy toward China. In reviewing the process, the author has taken approaches of decision-making theory known as Allison's Organizational process Model and Bureaucratic politics Model. 2.It has been known that basic elements in formulating her foreign policy are ① status quo friendship diplomacy ② Omni-directional Foreign Policy for Peace ③ economic diplomacy. 3.It has been identified that units involved in Japan's foreign policy decisions are ① the Liberal-Democratic Party(LDP) ② the opposition party ③ the business community, and ④ public opinion. 4.It has been known that basic determinants in formulating Japanese foreign policy toward China are firstly, the shift in international political environment which is the external perspective of Japan. Japan has been grown up to a big economic power which made her exercise an autonomous bargaining power. Sino·American normalization and de´tente situation made her consider normalization of relations with China. Secondly, the LDP did not attempt to negotiate Treaty of Peace and Friendship at first But the internal and external pressures, and changes of Premier Fukuda's attitude resulted in a positive negotiating position. Thirdly, the business community took it positively to obtain resources, especially energy from China. The business community has been much interested in the value of China's market. Fourthly, public opinion, especially with Japanese pro-China characteristics, played major role in the process of negotiation. 5.Japan pursued policies for maximizing national interest in negotiating the treaty. The LDP, the business community, public opinion and the international political environment could have been interacted each other and entered as determining elements in a decision-making process.
연관 검색어 추천
이 검색어로 많이 본 자료
활용도 높은 자료
