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핀란드 헌법개혁 모델의 특징과 함의: 의회-행정부 관계와 의회-시민 관계의 재구성
서현수 ( Hyeon Su Seo ) 서울대학교 한국정치연구소 2018 韓國 政治 硏究 Vol.27 No.3
이 논문은 의회-행정부 관계와 의회-시민 관계를 미래지향적 방향으로 재정립하는데 성공한 것으로 평가받는 핀란드 헌법개혁 모델의 특징을 분석한다. 첫째, 핀란드는 지속적, 단계적 헌법개혁을 거쳐 1999년에 전면적 헌법개혁을 실현했다. 둘째, 2000년 신헌법은 대통령의 권한을 줄이고 의회와 총리의 권력을 동시에 강화하는 의회주의(parliamentarism)적 전환을 실현했다. 셋째, 1995년 핀란드는 헌법의 기본권 장을 전면 개정해 보편적 인권 원칙과 국가의 ‘적극적’ 의무 개념에 기초한 현대적 입헌주의 패러다임으로의 전환을 도모했다. 넷째, 핀란드는 시민발의제도(citizens’ initiatives)를 도입해 현대 민주주의가 요구하는 열린, 포용적 의회-시민 관계의 가능성을 실험하고 있다. 논문은 핀란드 헌법개혁 사례에 대한 체계적 분석을 제공하면서 한국의 개헌 논의에 관한 함의를 토론한다. This article analyzes key features of the Finnish model of constitutional reforms having successfully re-established the legislative-executive and parliament-citizens relationships. First, constitutional reforms have been done in Finland through continual, step-by-step processes over long-term periods. Based on accumulated changes, Finland instituted a total-scale constitutional reform in 1999-2000. Second, the 2000 Constitution has turned the political system into a standardmode parliamentarism by reducing the Presidential power while strengthening the Eduskunta (Parliament) and PM, simultaneously. Third, Finland rewrote the constitutional chapter of fundamental rights as a whole in 1995, indicating a transformation of the modern constitutionalism into a contemporary (post-modern) constitutionalism which emphasizes the universal principle of human rights and ‘active’ duties of the state. Fourth, Finland introduced a national-level citizens’ initiative system through the constitutional amendment in 2012. A modest direct democratic mechanism has contributed to cultivating a more open and inclusive relationship between parliament and citizens. Providing a systemic analysis of constitutional reforms in Finland, the study examines their extensive implications on South Korean debates.
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서현수(Seo Hyeon Su) 한국복식학회 2004 服飾 Vol.54 No.2
The purpose of this thesis is to examine how typography, which has become apparent in many areas of modern society, is expressed, portrayed and how its value, furiction and significance in fashion can be understood. In order to undertake this study, the concept of typography was examined in detail, the verbal and formative function of typography carefully considered. and the different types of typography were analyzed and categorized in to the below areas: - Typography for the increasing of brand logo recognition - Typography as a social slogan - Typography for the increasing of collective belongingness - Typography as an image - Typography as a symbol. As a result, the typography plays an important role of a verbal tool in modern fashion design. Through typography, fashion was able to explain in much detail the overstatement of society criticizing character and functionality of information conveyance. However, the role of typography will continue to change and evolve according to the constant changes of fashion
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핀란드 복지국가의 과거, 현재, 미래: 정치제도, 복지체제, 교육정책의 연계와 다이내믹을 중심으로
서현수 ( Seo Hyeon Su ) 한국스칸디나비아학회 2021 스칸디나비아 연구 Vol.28 No.-
Despite increasing interest in the Nordic model of welfare states, few studies focusing on the Finnish case have been conducted. While Finland shares the common characteristics of the Nordic model such as consensual democracy, coordinated market economy and universal welfare states, it also demonstrates a number of distinctive features grown up from the unique path of its modern political history. Filling the gap in the literature, this article provides with a systemic analysis of the formation and change of the Finnish welfare state, focusing on the linkage and interaction among political institutions, welfare regime, and individual social policies such as education policy. First, it analyzes the common features and differences between Finland and the other Nordic countries from a comparative perspective. Second, the process of formation, development, and reform of the Finnish welfare state is analyzed from a historical-political perspective. Third, the linkage and interaction between the politics of welfare state building and comprehensive educational reforms, implemented on a newly established political consensus since the 1960-70s, are examined. The conclusion discusses theoretical and practical implications of the Finnish welfare state.
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보편적 복지국가에서 보편적 기본소득으로? 핀란드 기본소득 정책 실험의 최종 결과와 함의
서현수 ( Hyeon Su Seo ),최한수 ( Hansoo Choi ) 한국스칸디나비아학회 2020 스칸디나비아 연구 Vol.26 No.-
This article aims to provide a systemic analysis on the Finnish government’s basic income (BI) project (2017-2018), the first BI experiment at the nation-state level. To this end, it studies (1) its historical-political contexts, (2) design and implementation process, (3) final results and their implications, and (4) the future prospect of institutionalizing BI in Finland. The case is important in that Finland is the only Nordic welfare state having continuously debated the feasibility of BI ideas, with various policy proposals presented by different political parties; it was a government-driven social innovations experiment to explore a sustainable future of the universal welfare state. However, revealing contradicting elements such as expanding universalism while introducing new sanctions on the unemployed, the project initiated by the then-PM Juha Sipila (Centre Party) showed limitations in its design and implementing process. The Activation Model is particularly criticized to have affected the final results. Despite general improvements in economic and subjective well-being indicators, impacts on employment rates remained lower than aimed. A significant problem is that it can hardly be discernable how two different mechanisms affected employment rates’ change. Along with obscure results, the future prospect of BI institutionalization in Finland seems to be uncertain. Simultaneously, there remains a possibility for the Finnish government to launch another experiment of basic income (NIT-format) in near future.
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