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초등 과학수업에서 KWPLC 학습전략 개발 및 적용의 효과
서태범,최선영 韓國生物敎育學會 2012 생물교육 Vol.40 No.2
The purpose of this study was to develop the KWPLC instructional strategy and explore the its effects of science process skills, science achievement and scientific attitude. The objects were conducted the third grade pupils of both an experimental group (28 students) and a control group (29 students) at the G elementary school located in Incheon City. The results of this study were as follows: First, the test on the science process skills, which was performed after the treatment of learning, was found a statistically meaningful difference (p<.05). Second, after the application of KWPLC instructional strategy, the result of science achievement was shown a statistically meaningful difference (p<.05). Third, a meaningful difference was also shown in the scientific attitude. Therefore, the KWPLC instructional strategy applied in this study might be useful to improve the science process skills, scientific attitude, achievement in elementary science class.
서태범,김태운,신말순,지은상,이재민,김태욱,김창주,조한샘 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2014 International Neurourology Journal Vol.18 No.4
Purpose: Neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) is a possible consequence of several neurological disorders. NLUTD may produce debilitating symptoms and serious complications, such as chronic renal failure, and recurrent urinarytract infections. Many animal studies of NLUTD symptoms have focused on animal models of cerebral ischemia. In the presentstudy, we investigated the effects of treadmill exercise on memory function and its relation to cell proliferation and apoptosisin the hippocampus, following transient global ischemia in gerbils. Methods: To induce transient global ischemia in gerbil, both common carotid arteries were occluded for 5 minutes. Gerbils inthe exercise groups were forced to run on a treadmill exercise for 30 minutes once a day for 2 weeks. Step-down avoidancetask and Y maze task were performed. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-staining, immunohistochemistry for 5-bromo-2ʹ-deoxyridine, doublecortin, caspase-3, and Western blot for brain-derivedneurotrophic factor (BDNF), Bax, Bcl-2, cytochrome c, caspase-3 were conducted. Results: Ischemia caused memory impairment with an increase of cell proliferation, BDNF expression, and apoptosis in thehippocampus. Treadmill exercise improved memory function with further increase of cell proliferation and BDNF expressionand a decrease of apoptosis. Conclusions: The animal model that we have developed and our assessment of the relation between exercise and brain functioncan be useful tools for future investigations of NLUTD symptoms associated with stroke, particularly ischemic stroke. Thepresent study suggests that treadmill exercise promoted the recovery of brain function after cerebral ischemia.
척수 좌상 후 골수간질세포 이식과 트레드밀 운동이 축삭 성장, 근위축 방지 및 기능적 회복에 미치는 효과
서태범,김창선,김상배,윤진환 한국운동생리학회(구 한국운동과학회) 2013 운동과학 Vol.22 No.3
본 연구는 척수 좌상(spinal cord contusion injury, SCI) 후 bone marrow stromal cells(BMSCs) 이식과 트레드밀 운동의 복합 적용이 BBB 검사와 Grid walk 검사를 통한 기능적 개선 및 손상 아랫부분에서의 축삭 재생 그리고 골격근의 위축에 관여하는 단백질 발현에 미치는 효과를 관찰하는데 그 목적이 있다. 7주령Sprague-Dawley(SD) 쥐를 이용하여 정상 그룹, 척수 좌상 후 위약 처치(PBS) 그룹, 척수 좌상 후 BMSCs 이식 그룹 그리고 척수좌상 후 BMSCs 이식과 트레드밀 운동 그룹으로 분류하여 수행하였다. 본 연구결과 척수 좌상 후 기능적 회복 변화가 SCI+BMSC>SCI+BMSC+exercise>SCI+PBS 순으로 나타났으며, 그 결과 BMSC와 운동의 복합적용이 손상된 척수에서의 조직학적이고, 행동학적인 변화에 미치는 효과가 BMSC만을 이식하는 처치 방법보다 효과적이라고는 할 수 없었다. 하지만 척수 좌상 후하지 근육, 즉 비복근의 위축 정도를 확인하는 myostatin의 발현 양상에서 SCI+BMSC+exercise>SCI+BMSC>SCI+PBS 순으로 나타난 것으로 보아 척수 좌상으로 유도될 수 있는 골격근의 위축 지연에는 운동 적용이 가장 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 척수 좌상 후 신경계의 조직학적이고, 생화학적인 변화 유도뿐만 아니라 골격근의 위축 방지를 통한 기능적 회복을 위해서는 반드시 세포 이식과 운동의 복합적용이 필요하다는 것을 알 수 있다. Transplantation of bone marrow stromal cells(BMSCs) is a new therapeutic tool for improving functional deficits after spinal cord contusion injury(SCI). Treadmill exercise has been known to facilitate motor and sensory functions and to prevent skeletal muscle atrop hy a fter S CI. Here w e investigated t he e ffect of t ransplantation of b one marrow stromal c ells a nd t readmill e xercise on a xonal sprouting, prevention of muscle atrophy and functional recovery after SCI. The rats were divided into four groups: the sham operation group(n=10), SCI and PBS injection group(n=10), SCI and BMSCs transplantation group(n=10), and SCI and BMSCs transplantation and treadmill exercise group(n=10). To determine functional recovery after SCI, we carried out Basso-Brestti-Brenahan(BBB) and Grid walk tests. BMSCs transplantation and combining exercise with grafting significantly improved SCI-induced behavioral deficits at 3 and 5 weeks after grafting. But combining exercise with grafting didn`t show better functional recovery than BMSCs grafting after SCI. Although almost all DiI-labled axons after SCI disappeared in lumbar 1 to 2 levels, BMSCs transplantation and combining exercise with grafting increased the number of sprouting axons in the region caudal to the epicenter at 6 weeks post injury. Also the results of present study suggested that myostatin expression levels were further decreased by combining exercise with grafting when compared to grafting group. Our data provide new evidence that combining exercise with BMSCs transplantation may be an important therapeutic approach for improving functional and histological deficits and inhibiting skeletal muscle atrophy after SCI.
척수 좌상 후 트레드밀 운동에 의해 활성화된 Cdc2와 p-ERK1/2 단백질이 cavity 내에서 별아교세포의 증식과 축삭 재성장에 미치는 효과
서태범,김유미,최연주,김윤만,남궁욱,윤진환 한국생활환경학회 2012 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.19 No.4
Physical exercise is recommended as a therapeutic tool for improving functional and histological deficits in spinal cord contusion injury (SCI). Cell division cycle 2 (Cdc2) and Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) have been known to regulate proliferation of non-neuronal cells in both central and peripheral nervous system. Here we investigated the effect of activated Cdc2 and ERK1/2 by treadmill exercise on axonal regeneration of corticospinal tract and proliferation of astrocytes within the cavity after spinal cord contusion injury. The rats were divided into three groups: the control group (n = 20), the spinal cord injury group (n = 20), and spinal cord injury and treadmill exercise group (n = 20). We carried out Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) test to determine functional recovery after spinal cord injury and treadmill exercise for 4 weeks significantly improved SCI-induced behavioral deficits (F = 25.457, p < .001). We also found that Cdc2 (F = 34.548, p < .001) and p-ERK1/2 expression (F = 311.507, p < .001) levels in the injured areas were further facilitated by treadmill exercise when compared to non-exercise group. Exercise-induced Cdc2 and p-ERK1/2 levels after SCI were associated with astrocyte proliferation within the cavity of the injury site. Also the results of present study suggested that treadmill exercise increased axonal sprouting of injured corticospinal tract post SCI. Our data provide evidence that treadmill exercise may be an important intervention for mediating axonal regeneration and biochemical alteration after SCI.