한-일 기계번역을 위한 조사 및 관용구 처리 알고리즘 ( Processing Algorithms of Auxiliary Words and Idioms for Korean-Japanese Machine Translation Systems )

서창덕,신청식,한기태,김진웅,임인칠 대한전자공학회 1989 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.1989 No.11

영상 데이터베이스 검색 시스템의 검색효율 평가를 위한 새로운 평가척도

서창덕,김회율 한국방송공학회 2000 방송공학회논문지 Vol.5 No.1

This paper proposes a single metric to measure and evaluate the retrieval effectiveness of image database retrieval system that requires an ordered ranking. There are four conditions to be a gad ranking system. First, the number of relevant images among the retrieved should be as large as possible. Secondly, the number of irrelevant images should be smaller. Third, the average rank of relevant images should be higher. Last, the relevant images should be clustered close together. The conventional evaluation measures only reflect a part of the conditions listed above, and the evaluated results are coarse or inaccurate. The proposed NDS, however, resolves all those problems. In order to prove the efficiency of the NDS, we generate patterns of _nC_r(_(10)C_5=252, _(20)C_9=167.960) to evaluate and compare with other measures. The patterns were generated automatically by a recursive function call on the assumption that 'r' relevant images are retrieved within the range of 'n'.

Comparison between Chamber Methods for Improving Chamber Methods

서창덕,김재영 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2007 젊은 연구자 학술연구발표회 Vol.6 No.0

국소피판을 이용한 안면부 재건

서창덕,김석권,김성수 中央醫學社 1988 中央醫學 Vol.53 No.5

The facial scars or deformities, because of its characteristics of being easily noticeable and difficult to be camouflaged, are usually distressing to the patient not only in physiological aspect but also in psychological aspect. And so particular skill and attention is required for surgeons to unsightly scars by more effective reconstructive approach. There are wide varieties of methods available to reconstruct facial deformities and scars, that is, skin grafting, composite grafting, local or distant flaps, and free flaps. But local flaps provide non-delayed, rapid reconstruction with abundant tissues and blood supply, giving the most excellent color matching with surrounding tissues when performed adequately. But to achieve the favorable result by using the local flap, through knowledge about the facial anatomy and understanding of physiology and characteristics of each flap are essential. And to avoid distortion of the adjacent tissues and other undesirable effects, accurate design and performance based on high experience and technique are needed also. The authors in Busan National University Hospital had utilized local flaps for facial reconstruction in 68 patients, 80 cases from 1976 to 1985 and obtained favorable results in most cases, so, we would report these with review of some articles.

가중치 벡터합을 이용한 이동객체의 방향계산 및 미디어 검색방법

서창덕,한기태,Suh, Chang-Duk,Han, Gi-Tae 한국정보처리학회 2008 정보처리학회논문지D Vol.15 No.3

본 논문은 기존 위치기반 서비스에서 최근접질의 및 한 지점에서의 방향성분을 고려한 최근접질의의 단점을 해소하고자 가중치 벡터합을 이용하는 새로운 검색방법을 제안한다. 검색반경으로 1차 필터링된 영역에서, 2차 필터링을 위해 이용자의 이동방향, 관심방향 및 검색각도를 조합한 방향정보를 이용한다. 이동방향은 일정구간내 존재하는 벡터들의 가중치 합으로 계산하며, 검색각도를 $0{\sim}360^{\circ}$까지 세분화하여 검색방향에 대한 범위를 조절 하도록 한다. 본 검색방법에 사용되는 데이터는 촬영위치가 기록된 정지영상 및 동영상, 업체나 관광지의 위치정보와 함께 소비자에게 제공되는 텍스트, 웹, 영상 등 각종 미디어 형태의 데이터가 될 수 있다. 제안하는 방법은 이동 중인 이용자가 현 위치를 기준으로 일정 반경 내에 있으면서 유사방향에 부합하는 미디어만을 검색하도록 함으로써, 이미 지났거나 혹은 관련 없는 방향의 미디어를 배제한 검색결과를 제공하기 때문에 기존의 위치만을 고려한 검색방법에 비해 보다 정확한 검색을 보장할 수 있으며, 방향성을 고려한 기존 최근접질의 에 비해서도 보다 유연하고 포괄적인 검색결과를 보장한다. This paper suggests a new retrieval method using weighted vector sum to resolve a problem of traditional location-based retrieval method, nearest neighbor (NN) query, and NN query using direction. The proposed method filters out data with the radius, and then the remained retrieval area is filtered by a direction information compounded of a user's moving direction, a pre-fixed interesting direction, and a pre-fixed retrieval angle. The moving direction is computed from a vector or a weighted vector sum of several vectors using a weight to adopt several cases. The retrieval angle can be set from traditional $360^{\circ}$ to any degree you want. The retrieval data for this method can be a still and moving image recorded shooting location, and also several type of media like text, web, picture offering to customer with location of company or resort. The suggested method guarantees more accurate retrieval than traditional location-based retrieval methods because that the method selects data within the radius and then removes data of useless areas like passed areas or an area of different direction. Moreover, this method is more flexible and includes the direction based NN.

과활동성방광을 동반한 전립선비대증 증상 환자에서 얼음물검사의 유용성

서창덕,양대열,김하영 대한비뇨의학회 2005 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.46 No.8

Purpose: A video-urodynamic study is known as the most accurate test to differentiate between benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) with overactive bladder and detrusor instability but requires expensive equipment and an expert technique, so is not commonly available. We performed a video- urodynamic study and ice-water test which is easily performed for the diagnosis of a neurogenic bladder in the patients with symptomatic BPH associated with overactive bladder and compared the results. Materials and Methods: The video-urodynamic study using a 10-Fr triple lumen urodynamic catheter was performed in 36 patients with symptomatic BPH associated with overactive bladder that had frequency, weak stream, nocturia, urgency, urge incontinence, dysuria and no clinical neurogenic defect. After the video-urodynamic study, the ice-water test was performed by instilling 4oC sterilized water through a catheter at 200ml/ min in the supine position. The volume instilled was about 30% of the bladder capacity. The ice-water test was positive if there was an efflux of water around the catheter during or after water instillation. Results: Thirty two of the 36 symptomatic BPH patients with an overactive bladder were negative on the ice-water test. All 32 patients who had a negative ice-water test were BPH with overactive bladder on the video- urodynamic study. Four of the 36 symptomatic BPH patients with an overactive bladder were positive on the ice-water test. Two of the 4 patients who had a positive ice-water test were BPH with overactive bladder and the other two were detrusor instability on the video-urodynamic study. Conclusions: Therefore, in case of a positive ice water test, a video-urodynamic study is needed to differentiate between BPH with overactive bladder and detrusor instability in patients with symptomatic BPH associated with overactive bladder.

결합정보를 이용한 명사 및 접사 추출

서창덕,박인칠 대한전자공학회 1997 電子工學會論文誌, C Vol.c34 No.5

This paper proposes noun and affix extraction methods using conjunctive information for making an automatic indexing system thorugh morphological analysis and syntactic analysis. The korean language has a peculiar spacing words rule, which is different from other languages, and the conjunctive information, which is extracted from the rule, can reduce the number of multiple parts of speech at a minimum cost. The proposed algorithms also solve the problem that one word is seperated by newline charcter. We show efficiency of the proposed algorithms through the process of morhologica analyzing.

문자기반 유사상표 검색을 위한 가중치 부여 근사매칭

서창덕,김회율,Suh, Chang-Duck,Kim, Whoi-Yul 대한전자공학회 2000 電子工學會論文誌-CI (Computer and Information) Vol.37 No.1

본 논문에서는 특허청에 등록된 상표들 중에서 90%를 차지하는 문자기반 상표를 대상으로 질의상표와 유사한 상표들을 보다 정확하게 검색하기 위한 방법을 제안한다. 제안한 방법은 상표 칭호에 대한 근사매칭으로 1차 유사도를 계산하며 동일 유사도 그룹에 대해 상표 외형에 대한 영상 처리로 2차 유사도를 계산하여 순위를 부여한다. 전체 시스템의 한 부분으로 기존 도형상표와 함께 구현하였으며, 성능평가시 기존 근사매칭보다 16.2%의 정확도 향상을 보였다. Character-based trademarks constitute 90% of registered trademarks at the Korean Patent Office. This paper proposes a method to improve the precision rate when for similar trademarks in such systems. The proposed method first calculates the similarity measure by an image processing. The method has been implemented and merged with the existing device-mark retrieval system to improve precision rate by 16.2% compared to other approximate matching methods.

Duchenne/Becker 근이영양증에서의 임상적, 면역조직학적 및 유전학적 소견

서창덕(Chang-Deok Seo),이윤정(Yoon-Jung Lee),정민희(Min-Hee Jeong),이은혜(Eun-Hye Lee),염미선(Mi-Sun Yum),고정민(ung-Min Ko),유한욱(Han-Wook Yoo),고태성(Tae-Sung Ko) 대한소아신경학회 2009 대한소아신경학회지 Vol.17 No.1

목 적:본원에서 Duchenne 및 Becker 근이영양증(DMD/BMD)으로 진단된 환자에서 임상양상과 multiplex PCR 또는 MLPA를 이용한 디스트로핀 유전자 결손, 면역조직화학 염색에 의한 디스트로핀 발현을 조사하여 각 임상형의 특징과 각 검사의 진단적 유용성에 대해 고찰해 보았다. 방 법:1989년 6월부터 2008년 12월까지 서울아산병원에서 진단시 혈청 Creatinine Kinase(CK) 증가가 있고 근육질환의 임상소견을 보이는 환자에서 조직학적 소견 또는 디스트로핀 유전자 검사소견이 DMD/BMD에 부합되는 93명을 대상으로 의무기록을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 성별, 나이, 첫 임상증상의 종류와 발병 연령, 진단시 Gower sign 유무, 가족력, 진단시 혈청 CK 수치, 근전도 및 신경전달속도검사, 대퇴근의 근육생검 및 면역조직학적 검사, 말초혈액을 이용한 디스트로핀 유전자 검사(multiplex PCR 또는 MLPA)를 조사하였다. 또한 frame 유지여부와 임상표현형의 일치율을 구해 보았다. 결과:DMD 58명, BMD 13명, 비분류군(unclassified) 19명, DMD/BMD carrier 3명이었다. 증상이 처음 발견된 연령은 평균 4.7±3.2세(1-17세)였고 첫 증상은 보행장애가 46명(49%)으로 가장 많았고 간효소 상승이 우연히 발견된 경우가 35명(37 %)으로 두번째로 많았다. 진단시 혈청 CK는 평균 14,758±11,792(633-6,1349) IU/L이었고 DMD에서는 18,402±12,117(633-61,349) IU/L, BMD에서는 6,675±6,414(814-17,898) IU/L, unclssified에서는 11,103±9,032(2,623-39,549)IU/L, PMD carrier는 1,281±637(718-1,974),IU/L이었다. 근육 생검을 한 75명중 clone 13H6(N-terminus)를 사용하여 DMD 48명과 BMD 10명에서 면역조직화학염색을 시행하였는데 DMD에서는 48명 모두 디스트로핀이 발현되지 않았으며 BMD에서는 10명 모두 불완전/부분적으로 발현되었다. Multiplex PCR을 시행한 54명중 28명(51%)에서 결손이 발견되었고 MLPA를 시행한 14명 중 13명(92%)에서 결손이 발견되었고 이중 2명은 이형접합결손이었다. Frame 유지여부와 임상표현형의 일치율은 95%를 보였다. 결론:multiplex PCR를 시행한 10명의 환자와 MLPA를 시행한 11명의 환자를 대상으로 frame 유지여부와 임상표현형과의 일치율을 구해보았는데 일치율은 95%로 높았다. 대상군이 적어 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 보이지만 MLPA를 통해 in frame과 out of frame을 결정한 후 DMD/BMD를 예상하는 것은 근육생검을 시행하지 않는 환자에 있어서는 임상적으로 유용하겠다. 또한 MLPA를 통한 carrier의 진단이 유전상담에 있어 큰 도움이 되겠다. Purpose:This retrospective study was designed to know the relation between clinical features, genetics, and immunostaining findings among children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)/Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) and the validity of the diagnostic tools for muscular dystrophy. Methods:The medical records and computerized databases of 93 patients diagnosed with DMD/BMD from June 1989 to December 2008 were reviewed retrospectively. Demographic characteristics including clinical features, serum creatinine kinase(CK) level, electromyogram(EMG) and nerve conduction velocity(NCV), muscle biopsy, immunochemical staining for dystrophin, and the deletion of dystrophin gene were analyzed. We calculate the concordance rate between type of frame (in or out of frame) and phenotype. Results:58(62%) children were diagnosed with DMD, 13(14%) BMD, 19(20%) unclassified dystrophy, and 3(3%) DMD/BMD carriers. The mean age of symptom onset was 5.0±3.5 years(range, 1-17). 46(49%) children presented gait disturbance and 35(37%) elevation of liver enzymes. The mean value of serum CK enzyme was 14,758±11,792 IU/L (range, 633-61,349). There was no dystrophin in the immunochemical stain among 48 DMD children and at least partial or incomplete dystrophin among 10 BMD children. 28/54(51%) children had dystrophin gene deletion in multiplex PCR and 13/14(92%) in Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification(MLPA). The loss of heterozygosity was shown in 2 children by MLPA. The overall concordance rate between type of frame(in or out of frame) and phenotype was 95% in this study. Conclusion:Despite of small population, this finding indicates that the determination of type of frame (in or out of frame) by MLPA may be helpful in differential diagnosis of DMD/BMD. In addition, we surmise that the detection of carrier by MLPA is helpful in genetic counseling.

상표검색을 위한 근사매칭과 순위부여 시스템을 위한 새로운 평가척도

서창덕(Changduck Suh),김회율(Whoi-Yul Kim) 한국통신학회 1999 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.1999 No.11