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Evaluating Soil Carbon Changes in Paddy Field based on Different Fraction of Soil Organic Matter
서명철,조현숙,김준환,상완규,신평,이건휘 한국토양비료학회 2015 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.48 No.6
Organic matter plays important roles in soil ecosystem in terms of carbon and nitrogen cycles. Due to recent concerns on climate change, carbon sequestration in agricultural land has become one of the most interesting and debating issues. It is necessary to understand behavior of soil carbon for evaluating decomposition or sequestration of organic matter and analyzing potential carbon decomposition pattern about the kinds of organic matter sources to cope with well. In order to evaluate decomposition of soil carbon according to organic material during cultivating rice in paddy field, we treated organic material such as hairy vetch, rice straw, oil cake fertilizer, and manure compost at 50 × 50 × 20 cm blocks made of wood board, and analyzed carbon contents of fulvic acid and humic acid fraction, and total carbon periodically in 2013 and 2014. Soil sampling was conducted on monthly basis. Four Kinds of organic matter were mixed with soil in treatment plots on 2 weeks before transplanting of rice. The treatment of animal compost showed the highest changes of total carbon, which showed 7.9 g kg-1 in May 2013 to 11.6 g kg-1 in October 2014. Fulvic acid fraction which is considered to easily decompose ranged from 1 to 2 g kg-1. Humic acid fraction was changed between 1 to 3 g kg-1 in all treatments until organic material had been applied in 2014. From May to August in the second year, the contents of humic acid fraction increased to about 4 g kg-1. The average of humic fraction carbon at treatments of animal compost was recorded highest among treatments during two years, 2.1 g kg-1. The treatment of animal compost has showed the lowest ratio of fulvic acid fraction, humic acid fraction compared with other treatments. The average ratio of fulvic fraction carbon in soil ranged from 16 to 20%, and humic fraction carbon ranged from 19 to 22%. In conclusion, animal compost including wood as bulking agent is superior in sequestrating carbon at agricultural land to other kinds of raw plant residue.
십이지(十二支) 동물의 종이접기 기법을 응용한 가방 디자인
서명철,오유진,이연희 한국의상디자인학회 2022 한국의상디자인학회지 Vol.24 No.2
The purpose of this study is to attempt to diversify artistic expression through combinations of the twelve zodiac animals and origami techniques and to propose new directions for fashion design by applying these to fashion accessory bag designs. For the research method, this study researched the representative forms and characteristics of twelve zodiac animals based on the cultural background. Also, diverse cases of origami techniques were sought to apply them to the development of bags. The results are as follows. First, expressed forms of the Chinese zodiac were newly expanded by realizing the form of Chinese zodiac animals through various origami techniques. Origami work displays abstract visual effects rather than intuitive feelings or expressions of flat designs. With this, detailed realizations could be made through the characteristics and cultural implications of animals. Second, the work created in this study utilized zero-waste patterns that use origami techniques on one whole piece. During pattern production, folded parts were marked without waste and the outer fabric and lining were produced. Patterns were all symmetrical lines so most forms were expressed with squares and equilateral triangles. Third, through actual work produced using fabric instead of paper, effects that are brought about through folding are determined in diverse ways according to fabric textures or material types and thicknesses. When paper is folded, shapes are created as folded, but fabric requires the use of supportive material to create the effects of origami. Polyester and blended fabric were easy to use with high levels of function and practicality. Through such diverse production attempts, fixing methods, hand sewing, sewing machines, double-sided tape, and leather adhesive were used.
서명철,조현숙,김준환,상완규,신평,이건휘 한국토양비료학회 2017 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.50 No.1
In order to assess risk of high temperature damages about corn during reproduction stages in the future, wecarried out analysis of climate change scenarios RCP (Representative Concentration Pathway) 4.5 and RCP8.5distributed by KMA (Korea Meteorological Administration) in 2012. We established two indexes such asaverage of annual risk days of high temperature damage which express frequency and strengthen index of hightemperature damage. As results of producing maps for 157 cities and counties about average of annual risk daysof high temperature damage during total periods of scenarios, the risk of high temperature in RCP8.5 wasevaluated to increase at all over nation except inland area of Gangwon province, while RCP4.5 showed similarto present, or little higher. The maps of annual risk days of high temperature damage with 10 years interval inRCP8.5 prospected that the risk for damaging corn growth would increase rapidly from 2030’s. The largest riskof high temperature damage in the future of RCP8.5 was analyzed at Changnyeong county located east-southinland area in Kyeongnam province, while the smallest of risk counties were Pyeongchang, Taebaek, Inje, andJeongseon. The prospect at 12 counties which is large to produce corn at present and contains large plains havebeen showed that there will be only a little increase of risk of high temperature at Goesan, Yangpyeong,Hongcheon, Seosan, and Mooju until 2060’s. But considering strengthen index of high temperature damage,most regions analyzed would be prospected to increase rapidly after 2030’s. To cope with high temperaturedamage of corn in the future, we should develop various practical technologies including breeding adaptedvarieties and controlling cultivation periods.