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백학순 경남대학교 북한대학원 1999 현대북한연구 Vol.2 No.1
The most critical period in making a party-state in North Korea was the first six months between mid-August 1945 and early February 1946. During this time, the Soviet Union supervised the entire process of creating the North Korean party and state formation and gave the Kim Il Sung group critical support. The establishment of a unitary leadership, that is, domination over, removal of, or neutralization of rival party-state makers constituted the essential part of the process of forming the party-state in North Korea. The story of Kim Il Sung's success in forming the party-state in North Korea was due to the following: (1) the intra-party power struggle between the Soviet-backed Kim Il Sung group and the domestic Communists, first the North Korean Communists represented by O Ki-sop and, later, the South Korean Communists by Pak Hon-yong; and (2) the power struggle between the Kim Il Sung group and the North Korean Nationalists with Cho Man-sik at the helm. Kim won a double victory in the power struggle, first with the rival domestic faction Communists in the party, and then with the Nationalists in the government. Analysis of the interactions of Kim Il Sung's power struggles as well as agent and structure level variables in important in explining North Korean state formation. From this complex process of power struggle, Kim turned out to be the victor and succeeded in establishing a unitary leadership in North Korea.
THE BERLIN AGREEMENT AND THE PERRY REPORT: OPENING A NEW ERA IN US-NORTH KOREA RELATIONS
백학순 통일연구원 1999 International journal of korean unification studie Vol.8 No.-
Through the Berlin Agreement and the Perry Report, the US and North Korea made a critical decision to go down the road toward mutual threat reduction, normalization of relations, and dismatling of the Cold War on the Korean Peninsula and in Northeast Asia. IN order to inquire into the significance of the Berlin Agreement and the Perry Report, this paper reviews the changes in US policy toward North Korea in the 1990s and North Korea's policy toward the US during the same period, and the positions of both countries in the Berlin deal. Then the paper deals with the responses of Congress to the Clinton Administration's engagement policy toward North Korea including its recent responses to the Berlin Agreement and the Perry Report. This paper concludes by predicting that the next US Administration, Democratic or Republican, is likely to continue the hitherto engagement policy, not having much leeway for returning to the policy of confrontation and containment.