‘들춤’ 표지 ‘-은/는’의 유형과 문맥적 의미 기능

박호관 한국어문학회 2007 語文學 Vol.0 No.96

]This purpose of this study is to give a concrete form to the 'deulchum(들춤 )' phenomenon, in which the marker of manner '-eun/neun(-은/는 )' is realized, based on theoretical background about specifier movement and 'deulchum' phenomenon, and on the basis of that, to analyze the contextual semantic function of '-eun/neun'.

한국어 이중 주격 구문의 유형과 통사 구조

박호관 우리말글학회 2004 우리말 글 Vol.31 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to look into the realization of dual-subjective construction of a sentence and then the syntactic structure by its type. The results of this study can be summarized as follows; First, though the realization of a dual-subjective construction sentence is made according to the morphology ‘-i(이)/ga(가)’, both of them can not be double subject constructions. Even though a dual-subjective is realized, the number of the subject of a sentence is one. And a realization of ‘-i(이)/-ga(가)’ of the existing-discussed morpho signs, a syntactic property, a semantic property can not be absolute criteria in confirmation of dual-subjective construction of a sentence, it should be discussed whether or not the formation of divided sentences which meets a syntax-semantic criterion can be made. Second, according to whether or not the composition of these divided sentences is possible, dual-subjective construction can be divided into three types: ① double subject constructions of deep structure such as “kkot-i jangmi-ga yeoppeu-da.(Flower, rose is beautiful.)” ; ② the subjective-ization construction of adverbial phrase such as “i kkot-i jangmi-ga pi-eot-da.(This flower, rose is in bloom.)” or “Yeonghui-ga don-i man-ta.(Yeonghui, money is abundant)” ; ③ the subjective-ization construction of genitive noun phrase such as “sagwa-ga se gae-ga sanghaet-da.(Apple, even three ones, is spoiled.)”, or “kokkiri-ga ko-ga gil-da.(Elephant, its tail, is long.)”. Third, the syntactic structure of dual-subjective construction can be generalized as shown in (26), head noun(N') of a noun phrase is selected in relation of a category and selection restrictions according to the value of argument in verb(V<s>'), and case marking(Ks) of noun phrase(NPs) is made according to the grammatical relation of verb(V<s>'), and head noun(N'). And when an another noun phrase is base-established on the position of specific(명시어), when a adverbial phrase is moved to specific position and precedes a subject noun phrase, or when a subjective noun phrase at the position of an internal or external complement is moved to the position of specific, subjective-marking(Ks) is permeated so that a dual-subjective construction can be realized.(Daegu University)

연결어미 '-(으)면서'의 형태와 의미 분석

박호관 어문연구학회 2014 어문연구 Vol.79 No.-

연결어미 '-(으)면서' 접속문 구성은 선·후행절(S1+S2)이 공통적 화제일 때 쓰인다. '-(으)면서'의 형태는 연결 기능의 '-며' 접속문과 'ㄴ서'로 분석하였으며, 'ㄴ서'는 보조사 '은'과 '서'의 융합형으로써, 선행절 '들춤' 기능의 보조사 '은'과 후행절이 선행절의 '배경'으로 전제될 때 쓰이는 보조사 '서'의 기능을 모두 지니고 있음을 밝혔다. 연결어미 '-(으)면서'의 의미는 신체적 경험이라는 용법 중심의 '전경-배경'을 바탕으로 했으며, 선행절을 기준점으로 '시간 관계'와 '의미 관계'에 따라 '대등적 용법'과 '종속적 용법'으로 구분하여 논의하였다. 첫째, '대등적 용법'은 [+동시]의 '행위-사건 구문, 대상의 속성·지정 구문'으로 구분하여 선·후행절의 유사성과 차이점에 따라 논의했고, 둘째, '종속적 용법'은 [+계기]에 따라 선·후행절의 '포함 관계'와 '의존과 인과 관계'로 구분했으며, 셋째, 연결어미 '-(으)면서'의 '기대 부정'이나 '대립적 양보'를 나타내는 경우에는 보조사 '은'의 주의 초점에 따른 들춤 현상과 보조사 '서'의 배경 기능에 따라 그 층위를 달리하여 사상됨을 논의하였다. The conjoined sentence with connective ending '-eumyeonseo' is used when the topic is common to both the antecedent clause and the following clause. The connective ending '-eumyeonseo' is analyzed into elements '-eumyeo'(connective function) and 'nseo'. The element 'nseo' consists of an auxiliary particle 'eun' and another auxiliary particle 'seo', where 'eun' functions 'Deulchum(들춤)' of the antecedent clause and 'seo' functions the ground of the antecedent clause by the following clause. The semantic function and interpretation of connective ending '-eumyeonseo' is based on 'foreground-background', centering around the embodied experience, and is classified into two categories: 'usage of coordinate' and 'subordinate usage', according to 'time sequence' and 'semantic sequence' based on the antecedent clause. First, the 'usage of coordinate' is classified into two categories of construction: 'agent-verb' and 'attribute-predesignate of subject' of [+simultaneity], according to the similarity and difference of antecedent clause and following clause. Second, the 'subordinate usage' is classified into two categories of relation: 'inclusion relation' and 'dependence and cause and effect relation' of antecedent clause and following clause, according to the [+opportunity]. In the case of 'denial of expectation' or 'oppositive yield' of connective ending '-eumyeonseo', it is mapped, its level being differed, according to the phenomenon 'Deulchum(들춤)' according to the focus of attention of auxiliary particle 'eun', and the ground function of auxiliary particle 'seo'.

국어 명사구의 유형과 통사구조

박호관 우리말글학회 2001 우리말 글 Vol.23 No.-

The syntactic structure of noun phrases in Korean was set up in 'Noun Phrase Shell Structure'. If noun phrases in Korean have an argument structure according to the value of a verb, they become NPx(complement). They can be classified into 'NPs(subject noun phrase), NPo(object noun phrase) and NPc(complement noun phrase)'. The structure of these noun phrases is like the Structure (1) shown below. According to distribution types of the antecedent element of a head noun, the noun phrases can also be classified into 'Simple-NP, GENP and ConjP'. The structure of these noun phrases can be expressed as shown in the Structure (2). (1) NP→Shell Structure(i): NPs, NPo, NPc → [SPECx [NPx[(V)]Vx']VPx]VPy (2) NP→Shell Structure(ii), Simple-NP, Genitive-NP, Conjunctive-NP → [SPECx [NPx[(Det)N]Nx']NPx]NPk In the Structure (1),'x' and 'y' are variables. According to the value of verb, it has values of V〈s〉 when a verb is one place verb, V〈s, o〉 or V〈 s, c〉 when a verb is two place verb, and V〈 s, o, c〉or V〈 s, c, o〉 when a verb is three place verb. For the Structure (2), a marked genitive case {-의} or conjunctive case {-와/-과} is selected in the position of SPEC, and a unmarked genitive case {Ø}or conjunctive case {comma(,)} is selected according to the government relation of a noun. (Daegu University)

한국어 명사구의 이중구조와 명시소 이동

박호관 우리말글학회 2002 우리말 글 Vol.25 No.-

The syntactic structure of noun phrases in Korean was set up in ‘Noun Phrase Shell Structure’. If noun phrases in Korean have an argument structure according to the value of a verb. they become NPx(complement). They can be classified into ‘subject noun phrase(NPs), object noun phrase(NPo) and complement noun phrase (NPc)’. The ‘S’(VPs) specifier movement means movement to the left-bran-ching point of VPs, and the specifier position movement does move-ment to the left-branching point of NPx. The specifier position movement was subdivided into subject specifier position movement. object specifier position movement, complement specifier position movement according to the constituent of ‘x’.(Daegu University)

현대 국어 명사구의 유형과 특성 : 핵명사 선행구조를 중심으로

박호관 우리말글학회 1998 우리말 글 Vol.16 No.-

국어 접속 명사구의 통사 구조와 의미

박호관 우리말글학회 2002 우리말 글 Vol.24 No.-

The noun phrase by {-와/-과}was classified into a complement noun phrase that is under the direct government of verb according to the verb value and a conjunctive noun phrase that is under the government of head noun, and then it was identified that they were different noun phrases. The validity that the conjunctive noun phrase should be set up in the ‘shell structure’ was also discussed. The difference in the syntactic structure of conjunctive noun phrase is considered the semantic difference between marked conjunctive noun phrase and unmarked conjunctive noun phrase, the conjunctive particles {-와/-과} have the meaning of ‘joint enumeration(共同羅列)’ in the position of specifier, and comma({ , }) has the meaning of ‘individual enumeration(個體羅列)’ in the position of NPx.(Kaya University)

-이(다)'의 통사 구조와 의미 기능

박호관 우리말글학회 2003 우리말 글 Vol.28 No.-

The researcher would discuss the fact that a sentence in Korean language is composed of verb, a core element in the predicate, and of noun phrase, thus like this, if a noun phrase is added '-이-', it could become the core element in the predicate, relying on the agglutinative language characteristic of Korean language. In chapter 2, the researcher looked briefly into the 3 opinion(views) about '-이다'; declinable word and postpositional word, and derivational affix, and then made clear that '-이-' in the '-이(다)' sentence is a derivational affix, and in the chapter 3, analyzed '-이-' with respect to these words of '-롭-', '-답-', '-스럽-', and discussed the fact that the negative sentence of '-이(다)' is completed by a mixture of '안', a syntactic noun, and '-이' a syntactic affix according to an interrelation with '아니다'. And this thesis suggested the meaning of '-이-' as 'designation, apposition', showing the syntactic structure of '-이다' sentence, but it seems that '-이-' of '-이다' has only a functional meaning of changing a noun phrase into the predicate of a sentence, no having a practical meaning, like lexicon. That is, it's found that '-이-' only does the function of converting '-롭-', '-답-', '-스럽-', and etc. into the declinable words after being integrated into self-supporting noun phrase, '-이-' itself is a function word, no having a practical meaning.

국어 명사구의 이동 규칙에 대하여

박호관 우리말글학회 2000 우리말 글 Vol.20 No.-

This thesis is a study on the rule of a NP-Movement in modern Korean language, as its result, it's found that syntactic structure is changed according to semantics·pragmatic conditions and thus morphological marking is also changed. After typifying movement of a noun phrase into the rearrangement phenomenon of a word order according to a special feature of context, and into the case-changing phenomenon by SPEC-Movement according to the meaning characteristics, and change of syntactic structure, the cause, the condition and standard, NP-Movement were discussed here. Also, as the results of NP-Movement, rearrangement phenomenon of a word order comes from a change of variable or argument, SPEC-Movement chooses a determiner with morphological marking changed, and in the case-changing phenomenon, case-marking is as follows ; First, the cause of NP-Movement is a change of meaning·pragmatic factors, that is, a change in the attitude and recognition of narrator, which causes the change of syntactic structure thus morphologic marking is changed.(The causes of NP-Movement = change of meaning·pragmatic factors → change of syntactic structure → chance of morphologic marking) Second, the rules of NP-Movement can be typified, according to standard of movement, into ⓐ variance of verb and pragmatic conditions → rearrangement of a word order, ⓑ meaningful conditions → SPEC-Movement ⓒ syntactic conditions → case-changing phenomenon having standard of "meaning·pragmatic(ⓐ,ⓑ), morphologic, syntactic(ⓒ)". Third, the results of NP-Movement can be classified into ⓐ change of case -rearrangement of a word order, change of case, ⓑ non-change of case → SPEC-Movement arid rearrangement of a ward order.

국어 명사구의 유형과 동사 구조

박호관 우리말글학회 2001 우리말 글 Vol.23 No.-