기독교대학 인성교육을 위한 교과목 개발

박향숙 한국기독교교육학회 2022 기독교교육논총 Vol.- No.72

The purpose of this study is to develop liberal arts subjects for humanity education in Christian universities. Christian universities need to attempt Christian humanity education through Christian educational interpretation of humanity. This study defines the humanity not character or personality but rather humanity. Humanity is starting from an understanding of human conditions. And it is a perspective toward oneself and others based on human ontological questions and life style. Human is a being with developmental crises and are marginal being with existential anxiety. Therefore, humanity education of Christian universities should be a place to face the void of finite humans in order to understand what kind of existence they are and to transform their epistemology to understand self and the world. Christian humanity education will be realized by two approaches. The first is a theoria approach that extends from a two-dimensional understanding of the self and experienced reality to the speculative and introspective pursuit of the ultimate truth, The second is a praxis approach that consist of the interaction of reflection to human’s act and reflective behavior. Therefore, this study develops a subject focused on a speculative and reflective understanding of humanity as an case of a liberal arts subject for humanity education in a Christian university, and a subject focusing on the understanding of reflexively participating in the actual social situation, which is the context of humanity.

The Role of Forced Output and Working Memory Capacity in Vocabulary Acquisition

박향숙,최성묵 팬코리아영어교육학회 2012 영어교육연구 Vol.23 No.4

The study examined how two types of forced output methods (sentence generating and story writing) affect vocabulary acquisition of Korean EFL learners. To this end, 75 undergraduate students participated in the study who responded to a battery of tests (a pretest, immediate and delayed post-tests). Two major findings were observed. First, participants in the story writing condition consistently outperformed those in the other two conditions, although the mean differences among the groups did not reach statistical significance. This finding lends support to the theory of levels of processing (Craik & Lockhart, 1972). Second, unexpectedly, data analysis revealed no statistically significant relationship between working memory and vocabulary acquisition. The findings have important bearings on Korean EFL pedagogy.

아동의 분노 체험분석

박향숙,박성희 한국초등상담교육학회 2008 초등상담연구 Vol.7 No.2

이 연구는 아동의 분노체험 속에 포함된 공통요인과 분노체험 과정에서 나타나는 심리적 과정을 찾아봄으로써 아동분노가 갖는 특성과 의미를 알아보고자 하였으며, 이를 위해 체험분석 방법을 적용하였다. 연구대상은 초등학교 5학년 학생 8명이 체험연구의 공동연구자로 참여하였고, 6회기에 걸친 연구였다. 공동연구자들은 체험분석 방법에 대해 배웠고, 자신의 분노체험 내용을 분석지에 기록하였으며, 모두 34개의 체험분석지를 연구에 적용하였다. 그 결과 첫째, 아동들은 부당하다고 느낄 때 분노체험, 어이없음을 동시에 느꼈으며 이 느낌들은 자기중심적인 사고에서 비롯되었다. 분노상황들 속에서 아동들이 체험하는 공통요인에는 기분관련 요인, 욕구관련 요인, 신체감각 관련 요인이 혼재되어 나타났으며, 욕구관련 요인들은 기분, 신체감각 관련 요인들보다 더 강하게 지각하였다. 둘째, 아동들은 분노의 외적 표출 가능성에 따라 분노의 공격적 표출과 내적억제의 방법으로 분노를 처리하였다. 그러나 강한 분노표출 충동 때에는 인지적 판단과정을 거치지 못하고 폭발시키기도 하였다. 셋째, 아동이 분노를 느끼고 처리하는 심리적 과정은 상황인식 단계, 일차적 인지평가 단계, 분노 유발 단계, 이차적 인지평가 단계 또는 강한 분노표출 충동을 느끼는 단계, 분노처리 단계로 정리할 수 있었다. The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics or significances of anger in children by understanding the common factors observed in children's anger and the psychological process of children's anger, applying the experiential analysis method. In order to conduct the study, 8 elementary students in 5th grade participated in the experiential study as joint researchers. This study was conducted during 6 sessions. Joint researchers learned about the experiential analysis method and recorded what they had experienced at the stage of anger on their analysis sheets. 34 experiential analysis sheets were used for this study. The following provides a summary of the study results. Children were observed to perceive the factors representing desires more intensely than the factors indicating a mood or senses. Secondly, when they felt urge to express an extreme anger, they were just explored without the cognitive process of judgment. Thirdly, the processes that children feel and treat anger are "the stage of awareness of the situation," "the stage of initial cognitive evaluation," "the stage of induction of anger," "the stage of secondary cognitive evaluation or the stage of intensive drive of anger," and "the stage of anger management".

아동의 어휘발달과 인지발달의 관련성에 관한 일 연구 : 관계어를 중심으로

박향숙 이화여자대학교 교육대학원 1990 이화교육논총 Vol.1 No.-

Hot Wall Epitaxy(HWE)법에 의한 ZnAl₂Se₄ 단결정 박막 성장과 가전자대 갈라짐에 대한 광전류 연구

박향숙,방진주,이기정,강종욱,홍광준,Park, Hyangsook,Bang, Jinju,Lee, Kijung,Kang, Jongwuk,Hong, Kwangjoon 한국재료학회 2013 한국재료학회지 Vol.23 No.12

A stoichiometric mixture of evaporating materials for $ZnAl_2Se_4$ single-crystal thin films was prepared in a horizontal electric furnace. These $ZnAl_2Se_4$ polycrystals had a defect chalcopyrite structure, and its lattice constants were $a_0=5.5563{\AA}$ and $c_0=10.8897{\AA}$.To obtain a single-crystal thin film, mixed $ZnAl_2Se_4$ crystal was deposited on the thoroughly etched semi-insulating GaAs(100) substrate by a hot wall epitaxy (HWE) system. The source and the substrate temperatures were $620^{\circ}C$ and $400^{\circ}C$, respectively. The crystalline structure of the single-crystal thin film was investigated by using a double crystal X-ray rocking curve and X-ray diffraction ${\omega}-2{\theta}$ scans. The carrier density and mobility of the $ZnAl_2Se_4$ single-crystal thin film were $8.23{\times}10^{16}cm^{-3}$ and $287m^2/vs$ at 293 K, respectively. To identify the band gap energy, the optical absorption spectra of the $ZnAl_2Se_4$ single-crystal thin film was investigated in the temperature region of 10-293 K. The temperature dependence of the direct optical energy gap is well presented by Varshni's relation: $E_g(T)=E_g(0)-({\alpha}T^2/T+{\beta})$. The constants of Varshni's equation had the values of $E_g(0)=3.5269eV$, ${\alpha}=2.03{\times}10^{-3}eV/K$ and ${\beta}=501.9K$ for the $ZnAl_2Se_4$ single-crystal thin film. The crystal field and the spin-orbit splitting energies for the valence band of the $ZnAl_2Se_4$ were estimated to be 109.5 meV and 124.6 meV, respectively, by means of the photocurrent spectra and the Hopfield quasicubic model. These results indicate that splitting of the ${\Delta}so$ definitely exists in the ${\Gamma}_5$ states of the valence band of the $ZnAl_2Se_4/GaAs$ epilayer. The three photocurrent peaks observed at 10 K are ascribed to the $A_1$-, $B_1$-exciton for n = 1 and $C_{21}$-exciton peaks for n = 21.

Preferences for Error Correction: Teachers vs. Students; High vs. Low Anxiety Group

박향숙 신영어영문학회 2011 신영어영문학 Vol.48 No.-

This study investigated (1) teachers’ and learners’ opinions about error correction and (2) the relationship between anxiety and preferences for error correction among students. One hundred sixty adult ESL students and 18 native English speaking teachers in two university language institutes in California participated in the surveys. The results revealed that both the teachers and students agreed that student errors should be treated, but students wanted more correction than their teachers thought. The teachers and students had significantly different opinions about timing, method, and delivering agents of error correction, as well as types of errors that need to be corrected. In contrast, a significant difference between the high and low anxiety groups was found only in delivering agents of error correction.

딩동, 샘톡 왔어요

박향숙,최미영,김영은 샘터사 2020 월간 샘터 Vol.608 No.-

호박보다 탐스런 엄마의 말들

박향숙 샘터사 2019 월간 샘터 Vol.598 No.-

사전 간호정보제공과 수술 직전 신체접촉이 환자의 불안에 미치는 영향

박향숙 충남대학교 간호과학연구소 2005 충남대 간호학술지 Vol.8 No.2

The purpose of this study was to identify effects of the preoperative nursing information and meditation on the state anxiety level and vital signs (systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, pulse) in patients underwent laparoscopic surgery. Total of 114 patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery in a university hospital in Daejeon participated in the study. The experimental group was classified into two types of intervention 31 patients in the first experimental group received preoperative nursing information and meditation, and 32 patients in the second experimental group received only preoperative nursing information, while other 51 patients as the comparison group received standard routine care. The data collection was performed from June 27 to September 14, 2004. The state anxiety was measured by State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI) (Spielberger, 1972) that had been translated into Korean by Kim and Shin(1972). The physiologic measures were also included twice for blood pressure and pulse checked at admission as the baseline data as well as right before the surgery. The data were analyzed by SPSS/WIN. Descriptive statistics were used for demographic characteristics of the subjects. The differences between two experimental groups were compared by t-test. ANOVA was used to compare the differences among 3 groups on vital signs. In the homogeneity test among the groups revealed the significant difference in state anxiety, therefore the comparison on state anxiety among three groups were made with pretest scores of state anxiety as a covariate by using ANCOVA. The result of this study were as follows: 1. The homogeneity test revealed that there were no differences among three groups on demographic characteristics and physiologic measures except for state anxiety which was controlled as a covariate in the analysis. 2. Both experimental groups who received preoperative nursing information and meditation or preoperative nursing information only showed significantly less level of state anxiety than the comparison group. The result from ANCOVA with the pretest score of state anxiety as a covariate also confirmed the significant difference between the experimental groups and the comparison group (F=17.944, p=.000). 3. There was no significant group difference in systolic blood pressure among three groups, and the hypothesis was rejected(F=2.996, p=.054). 4. Both experimental groups showed significantly lower diastolic blood pressure than the comparison group and the hypothesis was supported (F=6.615, p=.002). However, there was no group difference between the experimental groups received either preoperative nursing information and meditation or preoperative nursing information only. 5. There was no significant group difference in pulse rates among three groups, and the hypothesis was rejected(F=0.409, p=.665). In conclusion, the preoperative nursing information and meditation was effective in terms of reducing state anxiety and diastolic blood pressure in patients who is undergoing laparoscopic surgery. While the separate effect of meditation was not supported in this study, various methods of nursing intervention should be developed for pre-operative patients to reduce their level of state anxiety. Alternative interventions including meditation or relaxation methods should be explored for the potential effects to provide holistic care in operating room.

홍삼 분말 첨가 Sugar-Snap Cookie의 제조 및 품질특성

박향숙,이명호,이준열 (사)한국조리학회 2011 한국조리학회지 Vol.17 No.1

본 연구는 홍삼분말을 쿠키에 첨가하여 품질특성에 미치는 영향 및 제조적성을 알아보고자 하였다. 일반 성분은 우리 밀보다 홍삼분말이 낮은 결과를 보였으며 우리 밀에 홍삼분말을 첨가한 경우 수분은 유의적 차이가 없었고 WRC, AWRC는 유의적으로 증가하였다. 제조 및 품질 특성은 두께와 퍼짐성은 유의적 차이가 없었고 직경은 대조구가 가장 크며 우리 밀 홍삼 분말 쿠키는 차이가 없었다. L, b 값은 유의적으로 감소하는 경향을 보였고, a값은 유의적으로 증가하였다. 즉, 홍삼분말 첨가 시 외부색상은 첨가량 증가에 따라 어두워지는 경향을 보였다. 관능 특성은 부피, crust, top grain, 모든 부분에서 대조구가 가장 좋게 나타났고 부피는 6% 첨가구가 가장 좋은 결과를 보였으며 첨가 구간 유의적 차이는 없었다. 전체적으로 대조구와 우리 밀에 홍삼분말을 첨가한 경우 12%까지 제품으로 최적 첨가량으로 보아진다.