잡지 『학생계』 연구- 1920년대 초반 중등학교 학생들의 ‘교양주의’와 문학적 욕망의 본질

박지영 상허학회 2007 상허학보 Vol.20 No.-

본고는 현재까지 텍스트의 실체를 확인할 수 없었던 잡지 『학생계』 자료를 발굴하여 고찰한 최초의 논문이다. 잡지 『학생계』는 한성도서주식회사가 1920년 7월부터 1922년 11월 1일까지 발간한 총 18호의 종합교양지이다. 이 매체는 동경유학생 출신의 엘리트들이 민족자본의 힘을 빌어 조선의 학생들을 계몽하기 위해 발간한 잡지이다. 그들이 이 매체를 통해 계몽하고자 한 내용은 ‘근대 지식을 섭취하고 인격을 수양하는 것’이었다. 이는 근대적 교육 제도를 통해서 양성된 엘리트 집단의 주요한 이론적 기반으로서의 ‘교양주의’였다. 이 ‘교양주의’는 당대 학생들이 1910년대 청년 담론이 주장하는 근대적 국민이 되는 것에서 한 걸음 벗어나 자아 실현의 방도를 모색하는 근대적 개인이 될 수 있게 하였다. 이들은 독서를 통해 근대적 지식을 섭취하고 인격을 수양함으로써 사회 지도자 계층이 될 수 있는 자질을 함양하는 것이 학생의 의무라고 생각했다. 이는 민족해방의 전선에 나서야 하는 강박에서 벗어나게 하는 면죄부 구실을 하기도 했다. 더구나 학력주의와 결합되면서 이 ‘교양주의’는 한국 근대 지식인의 특권의식, 선민 의식을 구성하는 데 이바지하게 된다. 거기에 ‘문학’은 은밀하게 많은 부분 공모한 것이다. 『학생계』 현상문예란은 1920년대 초반 학생들의 이러한 문학적 열정을 받아안았다. 상금을 걸고 시행된 이 제도는 당선된 학생들에게 저명한 선배 문인들에게 발탁된 유망한 문학청년이라는 명예와 동시에 금전적인 이익도 함께 안겨 주었다. 이러한 제도적 특성은 문학을 고고한 자리에 얹어놓는 동시에 이를 통해 금전적 이익 등, 학생들의 세속적 출세에 대한 욕망도 함께 충족시켜 주었을 것이다. 『학생계』의 현상문예란은 이러한 토대에서 ‘근대적 문인’이 어떻게 구성되어 가는가를 보여주었다. 『학생계』 현상문예란은 김억, 황석우, 오천석, 노자영 등 유학파 지식인들이 자신들이 조선에서 실현하고자 하는 문학의 이념을 전수하는 場이었다. 그래서 이 공간에서는 유학 중 얻어온 소위 『동인지』의 문학적 의식이 교과서적으로 향유되면서 재생산되었다. 그러면서 이 제도 안에서 ‘문학’은 학생이 섭취해야 할 근대적 지식의 일환, 혹은 인격 수양의 도구 중 단연 최고의 것으로 자리 잡았다. 이 안에서 문학청년들은 당대 최고의 인텔리인 유학파 선생들의 가르침을 전수 받았는데, 이는 물론 그들이 근대적 교육제도의 수혜자인 ‘학생’이었기에 가능한 특권이었다. 이로써 1920년대 초반 문학은 근대교육제도 안에 포섭되었다. 근대교육제도의 수혜자인 ‘학생’이 문학의 정당한 주체로 호명되는 순간, ‘문학’은 근대교육을 받을 수 있는 일부 부르조아 계급, 지식 계층의 특화된 전유물로 자리잡으면서 고고한 후광을 얻는다. 자연스럽게 문인이 되는 것도 곧 이 계급, 계층으로 상향 조정되는 것을 의미했다. 결국 1920년대 초반 ‘문학 장의 성역화’는 『동인지』 문학만이 지향하는 바가 아니었던 것이다. 『학생계』의 문학란이 암시하는 것은, 이후 ‘문학의 대중화’란 구호조차도 실상은 근대 교육 제도 안에서만 수용한 가능한, 매우 계급적인 언사일 수밖에 없다는 점이었다. This is the first paper to study on a magazine Hacksaengkye whose text has recently been found. Hacksaengkye, a comprehensive education magazine, has all together eighteen volumes, published from July 1920 to November 1922 by Hansung Publishing Company. The publisher of the magazine was a group of elites who had studied in Tokyo, Japan, and whose object was to enlighten students in Chosun. “Learn modern knowledge and cultivate character” was the specified aim to be achieved through the utilization of the magazine and this was what is called “education-oriented principle,” the theoretical foundation established by those elites who were benefited from modern education system. This education-oriented principle enabled students to pursue self-realization and modern individualism, taking a different direction from realizing modern citizen that was the major discourse among the youth in the 1910s. Those elites believed that it was students’ obligation to gain modern knowledge and cultivate character through avid reading in order to establish leadership. This also served as a good excuse for students from the thought that they should take part as activists for the independence of the nation. Moreover, combining with elitism, this education-oriented principle led modern intellectuals in Korea to form the sense of privilege and the sense of being a chosen people. Literature took its part in this trend significantly but secretly. The introduction of a prize essay system in Hacksaengkye was the answer for students’ literary desire in the early 1920s. This system brought the prize-winner students not only a monetary benefit but also fame that they were promising writers chosen by prominent senior writers. Through this characteristics of the system literature was able to be highly regarded and, at the same time, students could fulfil their pursuit of elevating the social status. The prize essay system in Hacksaengkye well showed the process of the foundation of the world of “modern writers” at that time. Kim, Uk, Hwang, Sukwoo, Oh, Chunsuk and No, Jayoung were those who educated abroad and utilized the system to spread their literary ideology in Chosun. Hence, the prize essay column functioned as the place to enjoy and reproduce the literary ideas of Dongin, which those writers were educated and influenced while studying abroad. Under the prize essay system, “literature” was the most desired medium for students to learn modern knowledge and cultivate character. Future writers were taught by the most prominent and high educated professional writers who studied abroad. Of course, it was only possible because they were “students,” the beneficiary of the modern education system. Thus, literature of the early 1920s was now exclusively appropriated within the modern education system. Once students, the beneficiary of the modern education system, became the main body of the literary society, literature was exclusively learned and enjoyed within the circle of intellectuals and bourgeois who afforded to receive modern education. This enabled literature to strengthen its position. Hence, Becoming a writer meant elevating his/her social statue to that of intellectuals and bourgeois. Therefore, “sanctuarization of the literary world” in the early 1920s was not only pursued by Dongin. What the literary columns in Hacksaengkye reflected was the fact that even “popularization of literature,” a slogan in the 1920s, could, in fact, be realized within the modern education system, and, consequently, was very much the class expression.

비-혈관평활근에서 새로운 $K^+$ 통로 개방제인 SKP-450의 약리학적 작용의 특성-Levcromakalim의 작용과 비교

박지영,김현희,유성은,홍기환,Park, Ji-Young,Kim, Hyun-Hee,Yoo, Sung-Eun,Hong, Ki-Whan 대한약리학회 1997 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.1 No.6

In the present study, we characterized the non-vascular smooth muscle relaxant effects of a novel benzoyran derivative ,SKP-450 (2-[2'(1',3'-dioxolone)-2-methyl-4- (2'-oxo-1'-pyrrolidinyl) -6-nitro-2H-1- benzopyran) and its metabolite, SKP-310, in comparison with levcromakalim (LCRK). In the rat stomach fundus, the spontaneous motility stimulated by $10^{-6.5}\;M$ bethanechol was completely eliminated not only by $10^{-7}\;M$ SKP-450 but also by $10^{-6}\;M$ LCRK, which were blocked by $10^{-6}\;M$ glibenclamide. The inhibitory effect of SKP-450 $pD_2,\;3.94{\pm}0.66)$ was much less than LCRK $(pD2,\;5.73{\pm}0.38,\;p<0.05)$. In the bethanechol $(10{-6.5 }\;M)-stimulated$ urinary bladder, the tonus was decreased in association with elimination of spontaneous motility by $10^{-7}\;M$ M SKP-450 and $10^{-6}\;M\;LCRK\;(pD2,\;6.77{\pm}0.06)\;(P<0.05)$, which were inhibitable by $10^{-6}\;M$ glibenclamide. The inhibitory effect of SKP-450 $(pD2,\;7.66{\pm}0.05)$ was significantly more potent than that of LCRK $(pD2,\;6.77{\pm}0.06,\;p<0.05)$. In the rat uterus stimulated by $PGF_{2\alpha}\;(10^{-7}\;M)$, both increased tonus and spontaneous motility were eliminated by $10^{-6}\;M$ LCRK with slight depression of the tonus, but not by SKP-450 $(10^{-5}\;M)$. The stimulated trachea of guinea-pig by $10^{-6.5}\;M$ bethanechol was moderately suppressed by SKP-450 $(10^{-6}{sim}10^{-5}\;M)$ but little by SKP-310. In association with the relaxant effects, SKP-450 $(10^{-6}\;M)$ and LCRK $(10^{-5}\;M)$ caused a significant stimulation of the $^{86}Rb$ efflux from rat urinary bladder and stomach fundus, which were antagonized by $10^{-5}\;M$ glibenclamide, whereas the $K^+$ channel openers could not exert a stimulation of the $^{86}Rb$ efflux from rat uterus. In conclusion, it is suggested that SKP-450 exerts potent relaxant effects on the urinary bladder detrusor muscle and duodenum, whereas it shows much less effect on stomach fundus and uterus as contrasted to LCRK.

Thoracoscopic Right Middle Lung Lobectomy in a Maltese Dog with Primary Pulmonary Bronchoalveolar Carcinoma

박지영,이해범,정성목 한국임상수의학회 2018 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.35 No.4

A 14-year-old, 3.9 kg, castrated male Maltese presented with an intermittent cough. A solitary mass(1.6 × 2 × 1.8 cm) was located in right middle lung lobe on CT examination and thoracoscopic right middle lunglobectomy was performed without lung separation. The patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged at POD3. With a histopathologic diagnosis of pulmonary bronchoalveolar carcinoma, Re-evaluation via CT scanning with contraston POD 50 and 255 revealed no evidence of residual, metastatic or recurrent lesions. The patient has been doingwell since surgery during a 9-month follow-up period.

Use of Calretinin, CD56, and CD34 for Differential Diagnosis of Schwannoma and Neurofibroma

박지영,박훈,박남조,박준식,성현정,이상숙 대한병리학회 2011 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.45 No.1

Background: It is important to differentiate between schwannomas and neurofibromas for the cases in which the histopathologic features overlap. Depending on the tumor type, surgeons can decide on a treatment method and whether to preserve or sacrifice the nerve; the possibility of malignant transformation in the case of neurofibromas also needs to be considered. Methods: We studied 101 cases of schwannoma and 103 cases of neurofibroma. All the hematoxylin and eosin slides for these cases were reviewed, and tissue microarrays were prepared from the representative areas. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed using antibodies for S-100 protein, calretinin, CD56 and CD34. Results: All the tumors except 3 neurofibromas were positive for the S-100 protein. Calretinin was found in 26.7% of the schwannomas (27/101), but it was not found in any of the neurofibromas. CD56 was positive in 77.2% of the schwannomas (78/101) and in 9.8% of the neurofibromas (10/102). CD34 was positive in 42.5% of the schwannomas (43/101) and in 80.2% of the neurofibromas (81/101). Statistically, calretinin was significantly specific for schwannomas (p<0.001) and CD56 was also sensitive for these tumors (p<0.001). On the other hand, a CD34 expression seemed highly sensitive (p<0.001) for neurofibromas. Conclusions: We concluded that combined immunohistochemical analysis for calretinin, CD56, and CD34 may be very useful for differentiating schwannomas from neurofibromas.

감성마케팅을 위한 오감체험 멀티미디어 서비스 개발

박지영 한국경영과학회 2012 한국경영과학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2012 No.5

통계와 식민의학: 식민지 시기 조선인 결핵 실태를 둘러싼 논란을 중심으로

박지영 대한의사학회 2019 醫史學 Vol.28 No.2

This paper focuses on the criticism of tuberculosis statistics published by government-general in colonial Korea and a research on the reality of tuberculosis prevalence by medical doctors from the Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine at Keijo Imperial University (DHPMK). Recent studies have shown that colonial statistics shape the image of colonial subjects and justify the control to them. Following this view, this paper explores the process of producing the statistical knowledge of tuberculosis by medical scientists from DHPMK. Their goal was to find out the resistance to tuberculosis as biological characteristics of Korean race/ethnicity. To do so, they demonstrated the existence of errors in tuberculosis statistics by Korean colonial government and devised the statistical method to correct them based on the conviction that the western modern medicine was superior than Korean traditional medicine and the racist bias against Korean. By analyzing how these prejudices were reflected in the statistical concepts, this paper argue that the statistical knowledge of tuberculosis made images that Japanese was healthier and stronger than Korean and justified the colonial government’s control over Korean.

항균물질을 함유한 지각과민처치제 개발 및 항균특성 평가

박지영,배지명,오승한 대한치과재료학회 2012 대한치과기재학회 학술대회 Vol.2012 No.4

환경방사능감시프로그램 중 강수 전베타 방사능농도에 관한 고찰

박지영,유동한,이해영 한국방사성폐기물학회 2014 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.12 No.2

2022 개정 체육과 교육과정 도입을 위한 역량 기반 융합체육수업 실천 방안 탐색: 메타버스 교육공간 활용을 중심으로

박지영,김수연 학습자중심교과교육학회 2022 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.22 No.20

Objectives This study aims at investigating how to practice convergent physical education class based on capabilities for introducing the 2022 revised physical education curriculum. Specifically, it aims to suggest how to practice future safety and ecological phsyical education focusing on educational space in the metaverse. Methods In order to achieve the purpose of the study, the case study method was selected and applied among the qualitative research ones, and literature reviews, questionnaire surveys, in-depth interviews, and meetings with experts were used for collecting data. The collected data were analyzed by using case record analysis and inductive category analysis methods. Results First, the suggestions for practicing convergent physical education classes based on capabilities in order to introduce the 2022 revised physical education curriculum were drawn. Second, how to practice ‘future safety education concentrating to utilize the metaverse’ for convergent physical education based on capabilities were suggested. Third, how to practice ‘future ecological physical education focusing on utilizing the metaverse’ for convergent physical education class based on capabilities were also proposed. Conclusions The study’s results suggested how to practice convergent physical education class based on capabilities for introducing the 2022 revised physical education curriculum. Especially, it suggests how to practice focusing on educational space in the metaverse and can offer teaching-learning theories and actual cases with creative and innovative perspectives to physical educational sites in schools and teachers. In addition, it is expected to grow its learners’ capabilities as future global citizens with the potential as an important source for future studies. 목적 본 연구의 목적은 2022 개정 체육과 교육과정 도입을 위한 역량 기반 융합체육수업 실천 방안을 탐색하는 것이다. 구체적으로메타버스 교육공간 활용 중심의 미래형 안전 및 생태체육교육의 실천 방안을 제안하였다. 방법 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 질적연구방법 중 사례연구 방법을 활용하였으며 자료 수집은 문헌연구, 질문지 조사, 심층 면담, 전문가 회의를 통해 이루어졌다. 수집된 자료는 사례기록 분석 및 귀납적 범주 분석 방법을 활용하여 분석하였다. 결과 첫째, 2022 개정 체육과 교육과정 도입을 위한 역량 기반 융합체육수업 실천에 관한 함의 점을 도출하였다. 둘째, 역량 기반융합체육수업을 위한 ‘메타버스 활용 중심의 미래형 안전교육’ 실천 방안을 제안하였다. 셋째, 역량 기반 융합체육수업을 위한 ‘메타버스 활용 중심의 미래형 생태체육교육’ 실천 방안을 제안하였다. 결론 본 연구 결과는 2022 개정 체육과 교육과정 도입을 위한 역량 기반 융합체육수업 실천 방안을 제시하였다. 특히, 메타버스교육공간 활용 중심의 실천 방안을 제안한 것으로 미래형 교육과정을 구현하는 학교체육현장과 교사에게 창의적, 혁신적 측면의 교수-학습 이론과 실제 사례를 제공할 수 있다. 그리고 학습자의 미래세계시민 역량 함양을 기대할 수 있으며, 후속연구를 위한 중요한자료로 활용될 수 있다.

미국 트럼프 대통령 탄핵 실패가 주는 정치적 함의

박지영 한국의회발전연구회 2020 의정연구 Vol.26 No.1