Anterior Optic Pathway Compression Due to Internal Carotid Artery Aneurysms: Neurosurgical Management and Outcomes

박원형,박중철,Kyunghwa Han,안재성,권병덕 대한뇌졸중학회 2015 Journal of stroke Vol.17 No.3

Background and Purpose Compression of the anterior optic pathway results in visual deficits that can lead to the detection of unruptured aneurysms in the internal carotid artery (ICA). The general types of treatment modalities for aneurysms and visual deficits include surgery and endosaccular coiling. This study retrospectively analyzed and compared the resolution of visual deficits following surgery or endosaccular coiling. Methods We reviewed data on 33 patients with unruptured ICA aneurysms who presented with visual field deficits caused by mass effects over the anterior optic pathway. Statistical analyses were performed to identify the variables associated with the recovery of visual symptoms. Results Eighteen patients underwent aneurysm clipping, 2 underwent bypass surgery with endovascular trapping, and 2 underwent endovascular trapping without bypass surgery (group A). Ten patients received endosaccular coiling (group B). The visual outcomes included the following: in group A, 17 patients (73.9%) demonstrated improvement and 6 patients (26.1%) demonstrated no changes or worse outcomes; in group B, 2 patients (20.0%) demonstrated improvement and 8 patients (80.0%) demonstrated no changes or worse outcomes. Group A was associated with a higher rate of favorable outcome than group B (P=0.007). According to the multivariate analysis, treatment without endosaccular coiling (group A) was the only variable significantly associated with improvement of visual outcome (P=0.005; OR=28.523; 95% CI=2.683-303.171). Conclusions Treatment modality was the only predictor of improvement in visual deficits. Treatment without endosaccular coiling resulted in visual improvement significantly more often in comparison with endosaccular coiling.

스키 시뮬레이터를 위한 모션 피드백 플랫폼

박원형,김유준,최동수,김상연 한국지식정보기술학회 2014 한국지식정보기술학회 논문지 Vol.9 No.2

In this paper, the motion-haptic feedback system is presented in order to provide the same sensation to players as if they enjoys a real ski on ski slope. For maximizing immersive sensation, player’s motion is measured by two inertia measurement units (IMUs) and the measured motion is used for natural interaction with virtual environment. To simulate the behavior of player’s ski plates, three timing belts and five DC motors are incorporated into the proposed system. The three-timing belts and three-DC motors are also used in order to provide horizontal acceleration to players. Furthermore, two additional DC motors are applied to the proposed system for creating forward-backward acceleration. Therefore, the players can sense realistic motion-haptic feedback as if they enjoy real ski on ski slope.

미래 자율주행 자동차 사고에서 시나리오 기반의 보안 윤리 모델 연구

박원형 한국융합보안학회 2018 융합보안 논문지 Vol.18 No.5

Along with the recent technological development, autonomous vehicles are being commercialized. but The accident of au tonomous driving car is becoming an issue, and safety problem of autonomous driving car is becoming a hot topic. Also There are currently no specific guidelines for clear laws and security ethics. These guidelines require a lot of information and experience. This study establishes basic guidelines based on cases of accidents from past to present. This study sugg ests security considerations through case study of security ethics in autonomous car accident. 최근 기술의 발전과 더불어 자율주행 자동차가 상용화가 되어 가고 있다. 하지만 자율주행 자동차에 대한 사고가 발생하고 있어 자율주행 자동차의 안전성 문제가 화두가 되고 있다. 또한, 현재 명확한 법률과 보안윤리에 대한 구체적인 가이드라인이 정해져 있지 않는 문제점이 있다. 이러한 가이드라인이 정해지려면 많은 정보와 경험이 필요하다. 본 연구는 과거에서 현재까 지 사고 사례를 바탕으로 기본적으로 시나리오 기반의 모델을 정한다. 본 연구는 미래 자율주행 자동사 사고 시 보안윤리에 대한 사고 시나리오 사례를 통한 보안 고려 요소에 대한 모델을 제안 한다.

마코브 체인을 이용한 Mass SQL Injection 웜 확산 예측에 관한 연구

박원형,김영진,이동휘,김귀남 한국융합보안학회 2008 융합보안 논문지 Vol.8 No.4

최근 웜에 의한 사이버 위협이 증가함에 따라 웜의 확산 특성을 분석하기 위한 전파 모델이 연구되고 있다. 대표적인 예로 수학적 모델링 기법인 Epidemic(SI), KM(Kermack-MeKendrick), Two-Factor, AAWP(Analytical Active Worm Propagation)등의 모델 기법들이 제시되었다. 하 지만, 기존 모델 방법들은 대부분 코드레드와 같은 네트워크를 대상으로 하는 랜덤 스캐닝 기법 에 대해서만 모델링이 가능하다. 또한 거시적인 분석만 가능하고 특정 위협에 대해 예측하는데 한계점을 가지고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 과거의 위협 발생 데이터를 근거로 하여 Mass SQL Injection 같은 사이버위협에 적용 가능한 마코브 체인(markov chain) 기반 예측 방법을 제시한다. 이를 통하여 각 위협별 발생 확률 및 발생빈도를 예측할 수 있다. Recently, Worm epidemic models have been developed in response to the cyber threats posed by worms in order to analyze their propagation and predict their spread. Some of the most important ones involve mathematical model techniques such as Epidemic(SI), KM(Kermack-MeKendrick), Two- Factor and AAWP(Analytical Active Worm Propagation). However, most models have several inherent limitations. For instance, they target worms that employ random scanning in the network such as CodeRed worm and it was able to be applied to the specified threats. Therefore, we propose the probabilistic of worm propagation based on the Markov Chain, which can be applied to cyber threats such as Mass SQL Injection worm. Using the proposed method in this paper, we can predict the occurrence probability and occurrence frequency for each threats in the entire system.

정보유출 악성코드 분석을 통한 개선된 탐지 규칙 제작 연구

박원형,양경철,이동휘,김귀남 한국융합보안학회 2008 융합보안 논문지 Vol.8 No.4

최근 해킹 기법들은 기존보다 정교한 기술을 바탕으로 악성화 되어 그 피해 규모가 증가하고 있으며, 인터넷 사용자의 확대와 맞물려 그 위력은 커지고 있다. 특히 정보유출을 목적으로 제작한 해킹메일에 첨부된 악성코드의 피해가 급증하고 있다. 본 논문에서 이러한 정보유출형 악성코드를 효과적으로 분석, 탐지할 수 있는 기술에 관하여 연구한다. 또한 본 연구에서는 기존 악성코드의 탐지규칙과 해킹메일 악성코드 탐지규칙을 비교하였으며 이를 통해 해킹메일 악성코드 뿐 아니라 새로운 악성코드와 변종들에 대해서도 탐지할 수 있는 기술에 대해 설명한다. Not only the recent hacking techniques are becoming more malicious with the sophisticated technology but also its consequences are bringing more damages as the broadband Internet is growing rapidly. These may include invasion of information leakage, or identity theft over the internet. Its intent is very destructive which can result in invasion of information leakage, hacking, one of the most disturbing problems on the net. This thesis describes the technology of how you can effectively analyze and detect these kind of E-Mail malicious codes. This research explains how we can cope with malicious code more efficiently by detection method.

SNS를 이용한 분산서비스거부(DDoS) 공격 분석 및 탐지 방안 연구

박원형,국윤주,이수연,김귀남 한국융합보안학회 2009 융합보안 논문지 Vol.9 No.1

최근 네트워크나 서버의 가용성을 위협하는 형태의 공격이 급증하고 있으며 이로 인한 국가적, 경제적인 손실이 점차 증가하고 있다. 이러한 서비스거부(Denial of Service)공격의 형태는 SNS의 발전과 함께 변화 되었으며, 특히, SNS를 이용한 공격은 2007년 에스토니아의 주요 웹사이트 공격 처럼 국가나 인터넷 전체 기반체계를 대상으로 하는 형태의 조직적인 공격이나 최근 일본에서의 국내 반크 홈페이지 공격에 이르기까지 매우 광범위하게 전개되고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 논문 에서는 기존 서비스 거부 공격 방법과 SNS를 이용한 국가간 사이버공격에 대해 분석하고 이러한 공격을 탐지할 수 있는 방안에 대해 연구한다. In recent, attacks which threaten the availability of networks or servers are rapidly increasing, costing the nation and economics are gradually extended.This type of Distributed Denial of Service(DDoS) has changed with the development of Social Network Service(which is called SNS). Especially, attacks using SNS is widely developed from the organized attacks to the nation or whole internet infrastructure such as attacks against the main website of Estonia in 2007, and to the recent Japan’s attack against Korean VANK website. Therefore, in this paper I explain the well-known DDoS attack technical and international cyber attacks, study the detection to those attacks.

비만에 대한 절식요법의 임상연구 고찰: 국내 한의학 연구 중심으로

박원형,차윤엽 한방비만학회 2016 한방비만학회지 Vol.16 No.1

Objectives: The aim of this study is to analyze methods and outcomes about fasting for obesity in korea medicine research. Methods: We searched the studies with key words of ‘obesity’ and ‘fasting or starvation’ in Korean database (Korean traditional knowledge portal, OASIS, KISS, KMBASE, DBPIA, RISS). Studies were analyzed for contents, evaluation methods and adverse effects. Results: Twenty-one studies were reviewed. Studies were published in 1983∼2015. 1. Studies can be classified into three types: comparative study on before and after, comparative study between groups, case study on other disease occurred during the fasting therapy period. 2. The most common step of fasting were 3 steps: reducing food intakes period (3∼5 days), fasting period (7∼10 days) and refeeding period (3∼5 days) and additional period-diet period (28 days). 3. The most common evaluation methods were body weight (BW), body fat mass (BFM), muscle weight (MW), fat free mass, body mass index, body fat percentage, etc. 4. BW, BFM, MW were reduced largely in fasting period. 5. The most common adverse effects were fatigue, nausea, headache, vomiting, insomnia, etc. Conclusions: As a result of the review papers, fasting therapy have positive effects for obesity. To verify the effectiveness of the fasting, more studies are needed such as randomized controlled trial.

대한상사중재원 국제중재규칙의 개정 동향- ICC 중재규칙의 개정과 비교하여 -

박원형 한국중재학회 2012 중재연구 Vol.22 No.2

The Korean Arbitration Board (KCAB)'s recent revision of its International Arbitration rule is said to reflect its efforts to advance its procedures, which directly leads to the improved competitiveness as an arbitration institute. Apart from certain limitations, the KCAB's international arbitration rule revised introduced several new arbitration mechanisms including Fast-Task Arbitration and empowered administrative office. The International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) released a revised set of arbitration rules (ICC Arbitration Rules), which has been said to be probably the most consulted-on arbitration rules ever. Even though they codify existing ICC Court practice and just add to the 1998 Rules provisions felt necessary in light of the input from the users of arbitration in the consultation exercise, some of the changes will have huge implications on the future aspects of arbitration mechanism expecially for those of KCAB. While it remains to be seen what impact the ICC Arbitration Rules will have in practice, the new rules have been well received by the arbitration community and represent a modern set of provisions consistent with the current needs of the users of international arbitration. That's why, here in Korean arbitration environment, further research is needed on the possibilities of introduction of the several factors from the revised ICC Arbitration Rules to improve the speed and cost efficiency of international arbitration.

디지털 신호 처리 소자에 의한 Mel척도 필터 뱅크의 구현 ( The Implementation of Mel-scaled Filter Bank using Digital Signal Processor )

박원형,이원근,김훈경,박인정 대한전자공학회 1993 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.1993 No.1

공중협박죄 도입을 위한 비교법적 연구: 테러방지법과 형법을 중심으로

박원형,정주섭 한국국가안보·국민안전학회 2023 한국국가안보·국민안전학회지 Vol.17 No.-

Public opinion has formed calling for strong punishment for acts of public intimidation and false threats, such as the Shinlim stabbing incident that occurred in July 2023, and the Prosecutor's Office has announced related acts as terrorism, calling for a new law to punish such crimes severely. Public opinion rose rapidly. At the same time, discussions arose as to whether it was appropriate to apply the “Prevention of Terrorism Act” to the crime in question. Regarding this, experts expressed different opinions, with one saying that it should be regarded as an act of terrorist preparation and intimidation, and the other saying that it is excessive for intelligence agencies to intervene in a criminal act that is merely a joke. This study conducted comparative legal research on the “Anti-Terrorism Act” of major countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom regarding the amendment plan for the purpose of establishing a new crime of public intimidation in domestic law. I checked to see if it was appropriate. As a result of the study, it was judged that it would be more appropriate to introduce the ‘public intimidation crime’ into the criminal law rather than the anti-terrorism law. The level of punishment would be higher than the current punishment of up to 3 years in prison for threats, fines of up to 5 million won, detention or minor fines, and up to 10 years in prison for preliminary conspiracy to commit murder. This study is significant in that it compares and analyzes the current status and punishment provisions of public intimidation crimes in major developed countries to derive general classifications and characteristics of the relevant crimes, and through this, examines the direction for introducing public intimidation crimes into domestic law. We look forward to follow-up research targeting many comparative countries.