농업구조정책의 평가와 방향 정립에 관한 연구

박석두(Seok-Doo Park),김정호(Jeong-Ho Kim),김창호(Chang-Ho Kim) 한국농촌경제연구원 2011 한국농촌경제연구원 기본연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

This study seeks to find a new direction for agricultural structure policy focused on rice farming structure. Specific focuses of this study are as the followings. First, the necessity of directional transition of the current agricultural structure policy is reviewed. Second, the feasibility of new direction of agricultural structure policy is considered. Lastly, a new direction and measures of agricultural structure policy are provided. This study reviewed the necessity of directional transition of the current agricultural structure policy through three perspectives. First, the current agricultural structure policy encourages each farmer to increase acreage leading to high productivity of inputs (labor and land), growth of farm size (more than 3 ha), and spread of mechanization in farming. However, it did not accomplish fundamental policy goals. An increase of farming scale of individual farmers does not necessarily result in an increase of overall farming scale. Issues with respect to insecurity of farming succession and inefficient application of inputs such as labor, machines, and land are the other problems. An effort to increase income accrued in non-agriculture and by-work is more efficient than an increase of agricultural income through an expansion of farming size. Second, a development of foreign agricultural structure policy shows a transition from farming-size increase of family farmers to juridical organization of farmers. It also shows a policy transition from agricultural productivity increase to promotion of multi-functionality of agriculture regarding regions, resources, environments, and food safety. Third, due to recent changes in domestic and foreign agricultural situation, there are several issues to be clarified. The issues include (1) re-adjustment of agricultural production infrastructure to achieve food security, (2) income security of crop and livestock feed farming, (3) organization of region-unit farming business to aim enhancement of both price and quality competitiveness, (4) usage-extension of eco-friendly agriculture and new recycled energy supporting prevention of natural disasters, (5) support for entry into agriculture and farming corporations in the face of both reduction of young labor and increase of aged labor in rural areas, and (6) promotion of combined and diversified farming to achieve security of rice farmers’ income. Next, this study performed a case study of corporate enterprises of rural communities in Korea, Japan, and China to find the feasibility of new direction of agricultural structure policy. Corporate enterprises of rural communities at regional level cannot replace family farms, but they complement family farms. Furthermore, they are effective in joint work, joint usage of agricultural machines and facilities, joint marketing, and extension of farming scale. Lastly, this study proposed a new direction of agricultural structure policy as the followings: (1) transition into institutionalization and organization of family farms from policies focused on increase of individual farm size, (2) increase of corporate enterprises of rural communities at regional level, and (3) conversion from enlargement of agricultural income through farm size increase to enlargement of non-agricultural income through combined and diversified farming.

한국의 근대화 과정에서 농업의 변모

박석두 ( Seok Doo Park ) 한국농업사학회 2008 농업사연구 Vol.7 No.2

Modernization in Korea was initiated from the top to bottom. It started from 1876, when Korea was forced to sign up the unfair Kangwha friendship treaty by Japan. Modernization with various system reform was continued until 1950, the end of colony period. The period, which covers more than 70years, can be divided by three significant historic facts. They are Gabo reform in 1894, Gwangmu reform in 1898 and 1905 when Japan colonized Korea. During the period, modernization scheme being made are as follows; 1)reform in administrative structure, law system 2)economic reform in tax, financing, and currency 3)reform in social ranking and abolition of slave 4)introducing new education system and science and 5)establishing social infra and companies related. In agriculture sector, modern land ownership and land tax system was established. Agriculture school and various agriculture research institutes were built. And it was encouraged to organize associations in the field of agriculture, finance and irrigation. Since 1920, having those as a foundation, Japan had strongly derived policies to reform production capacity in various agricultural products including crops, cotton, silkworm, and livestock in Korea. As a result of it, we experienced the increase of irrigated rice field, cultivation of superior kind, and usage of fertilizer. We became to produce more rice but at the same time more rice were drained out to Japan then cheap and low grade crops were brought back to Korea. Meanwhile, as farming land was more commercialized and rice only farming practice was generalized, as tenancy dispute increased. In the end, colony landownership structure was materialized. Economy of farmers except who owned land was deteriorated, which forced farmers to retire from agriculture and became either low income labor or immigrants to survive. The modernization made during the colony period could bring development of agriculture but only worsened poverty level of farmers.

농촌용수의 효율적 이용 및 관리방안

박석두(Seok-Doo Park),김홍상(Hong-Sang Kim),김창호(Chang-Ho Kim) 한국농촌경제연구원 2010 한국농촌경제연구원 기본연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

Water use in South Korea has been continuously increasing capacity, as the current water supply is exceeding water demand. But it’s hard to build new water supply of facilities such as dams or reservoirs because of difficulty of the site selection, oppositions to environmental destruction and ecological damage, and climate change. A way to overcome water shortages is water saving or efficiency of water use but the most important method is the efficient use of agricultural water and water facilities. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to present efficient use and management of agricultural water. In chapter 2, Status of the total water resources, agricultural water supply, and water quality was investigated.. According to Waterplan 2006, the amount of water resources is expected to slightly increase but the amount of water use is to rapidly increase. Agricultural water demand is expected to continue to decline. Measures to supply water to the multi-purpose dam was built and five dams under construction. Agricultural water development projects are in progress but now more than expanding the water supply, water demand reductions should be carried out. And agricultural water quality improvement is needed. In chapter 3, agricultural water facilities and maintenance business were performed foe the present and future. Irrigated paddy field rates of frequency of drought possibility in 10 years are low, and agricultural water supply facility for elderly rates are high. There are too many small facilities and earthwork waterways. Water supply facility maintenance expenses for agriculture are increasing each year and state benefits and Korea Rural community Corporation’s own financing have been increasing recently. In chapter 4, Use and management systems of agricultural water and water facilities were studied. There are several of the water resources ministry that are managing such as ministry of land, transport and maritime affairs, ministry of environment, Ministry of food, agriculture, forestry and fisheries etc, and there are a lot of laws. Therefore, there are so many ministries and laws that it causes problems such as adjustment and management of water, focusing on development only, absence of standard for own agricultural water quality etc. In chapter 5, as the result of this study, rather than building new facilities to using and managing efficiently are set to the basic policy direction and we suggested some policy strategies to reformation of irrigation facilities for agriculture. Change irrigation and drainage canal to pipe-lined water-way, addition and improvement or reuse the existing irrigation facilities, multi-purpose use of agricultural water. Also we suggested the reorganization plan of management system for the irrigation facilities that systematic development and use plan for agricultural water, change the state benefits for the management of irrigation facilities to Korea Rural community Corporation’s own business work, integrated management organization system.

농지전용의 원인과 영향에 관한 연구

박석두(Seok-Doo Park),채광석(Gwang-Seok Chae) 한국농촌경제연구원 2013 한국농촌경제연구원 기본연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

조선토지조사사업에 의한 지세제도 근대화의 본질적 의미 -전남 구례군 류씨가의 사례-

박석두 ( Seok Doo Park ) 한국농업사학회 2015 농업사연구 Vol.14 No.2

일본 제국주의자들은 1910~1918년에 조선토지조사사업을 실시하여 임야를 제외한 전국 모든 토지의 소유권·지가·지형지모를 조사하였다. 이후 그들은 지세제도를 결가에 입각한 결가제에서 사업에 의해 결정된 지가를 토대로 하는 과세지가제로 바꾸었다. 선행연구들은 토지 가격을 토대로 하는 과세제도에 의해 과세의 형평성, 투명성과 일관성이 확보되었다고 생각했기 때문에 그 역사적 의의를 근대적 지세제도의 확립으로 규정하였다. 그러나 구례군 류씨가의 자료를 분석한 결과 1918년 지세제도 개정 이후 지세액이 인상된 데다 그보다 더 많은 액수의 각종 부가세가 추가됨으로써 총 세액이 급증하였으며, 이 때문에 소지주였던 류씨가는 몰락하게 되었다. 이른바 근대적 지세제도의 확립은 소지주의 몰락을 촉진하는 원인이었던 것이다. Japanese imperialist investigated the every ownership, price, and feature of all land except forests through the Land Survey Project conducted in 1910-1918. After that they changed a land tax system from ‘Kyulgaje(結價制)’ based on ‘Kyul(結)’ to ‘Kwasejigaje(課稅地價制)’ based on the land prices investigated by the project. Prior studies defined its significance as an establishment of modern land tax system, because they considered that it would be fair, transparent and consistent system based on the investigated land prices. According to the analysis of materials produced by the Ryus, however, total amount of land tax rapidly increased because the land tax itself was raised as well as various additional payment more than the amount of the land tax imposed. As the result, small landlord Ryu family was going to fall slowly. So called modern land tax system was an important cause of small landlord`s ruin.

농지상속 실태와 정책 과제

채광석(Gwang-Seok Chae),박석두(Seok-Doo Park) 한국농촌경제연구원 2012 한국농촌경제연구원 기본연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

Background of Research This study focuses on investigating the actual state of farmland inheritance and presenting desirable improvement methods in the aspect of sustainable agricultural management. This study is to find out the methods for stable management succession by inheritors or other farmers in the aspect of agricultural structure policy. Therefore, the main contents of this study include the problems, tasks, and methods of farmland inheritance for sustainable agricultural management. Method of Research In order to provide the improvement methods, the following steps are to be taken: 1) identify the actual state of farmland inheritance (in case of professional farmers versus general farmers and inheritors) 2) analyze its influence to agricultural management 3) derive tax matters related to it, and 4) provide the system for it, which supports successive farmers to be its beneficiaries and leads the people who are not farmers to use their inherited farmland with maximized efficiencies, and make policy improvements Research Results and Implications The main contents of this paper are described in four chapters as follows: In Chapter 2, we figure out the farmland inheritance system and its problems by reviewing the related laws. Then, we review the inheritance related systems, such as the Family Business Inheritance Support System and the Agricultural Management Inheritance Support System. In Chapter 3, we discuss the actual state of farmland inheritance and farmer succession, and also their problems. At first, by using the data from the nationwide statistics, the trend of farmland inheritance and the actual state of farmer succession are reviewed. Especially in regard to farmer succession, the factors influencing the selection of major inheritors are analyzed. Then, through a survey, the actual state of specific agricultural inheritance, inheritance intentions, etc. are identified. In Chapter 4, we also discuss the case studies related to farmland inheritance in other countries. At first, agricultural inheritance laws in Germany, Japan and France are examined. The German system does not recognize division of farmland inheritance among sibling inheritors but recognizes the inheritance by only one sibling among them. In contrast, the Japanese and French systems are for the equal division of inheritance. Regarding the inheritance support system, we review case studies in the United States of America, the United Kingdom, and Japan. Chapter 5 is for the farmland inheritance system and its policy improvement methods, including the vision, direction, and tasks for fulfilling sustainable agricultural management. The policy methods are, in large part, divided into two: the one which supports agricultural inheritance of successive farmers and the other which leads people who are not engaged in agriculture to maximize efficiencies of their inherited farmland.

지역 농산물브랜드의 특성과 소비자 구매의향간의 관계 연구

이용건(Yong-Gun Lee),박석두(Seok-Doo Park),박재홍(Jae-Hong Park) 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2010 농업과학연구 Vol.37 No.2

The purposes of this study were to analyze the effect relationship between local agricultural products brand and consumer purchasing intention and then to find some influencing factors for them. This study tested three hypotheses as follows: brand personality, consumer personality, and brand equity for Andong agricultural products would be influenced by socio-demographic characteristics; brand power of Andong agricultural products would have a positive effect on consumer purchasing intention; consumer personality would have a effect on consumer purchasing intention. According to the survey of the metropolitan area residents on Andong agricultural product brand, brand image had the biggest influence on consumer purchasing intention. Raising consumer's trust and ability-orientation on Andong agricultural products would have a positive effect on consumer purchasing intention. Also brand acknowledgement was positively related to consumer purchasing intention.

여성농업인의 경제·사회적 역할 제고방안(2/2차연도)

정은미(Eun-Mee Jeong),박석두(Seok-Doo Park),김용렬(Yong-Ryel Kim),김우태(Woo-Tae Kim),최세균 한국농촌경제연구원 2013 한국농촌경제연구원 기본연구보고서 Vol.- No.-