不正咬合患者의 severity 에 關한 硏究

朴琯洙,李東柱 朝鮮大學校 口腔生物學硏究所 1988 口腔生物學硏究 Vol.12 No.-

This study was undertaken to evaluate the quantitative degree of severity for malooclusion patients and the samples were extractied among the casts of orthodontic patents filed in Infirmary of Dental College, Chosun University. The number of the casts used in this study were 641 and limited to permanent dentition Qualitative estimation was done by Angle's classification and qurntitative estimation was done by several severity indexing method which is being peing performed as a public health porgram. The following conclusions were obtained. 1) In the Angle's classification, it was presented that Class Ⅰ malocclusiion was 50.1%, Class Ⅱ, division 1 malocclusion was 12.6%, Class Ⅱ, division 2 malocclusion was 5.8% and Class Ⅲ malocclusion was 35.1%. 1) The number of maloccluded teeth has a range of 0∼18 and average of 5.58. 2) Malaignment Index has a range of 0∼135 and average of 8.62. 4) Handicapping Labio-lingual Deviations Index has a range of 0∼80 and average of 12.90. 5) Occlusal Feature Index has a range of 0∼8 and average 3.44. 6) Handicapping Maloclusion Accessment Index has a range of 2∼55 and average of 28.46. 7) There was no significant differences between the indexes according to the Angle's classification compared each with Class I group. 8) There correlation between the indexes was not highly correlated except between the number of maloccluded teeth and malalignment index (r=0.96).

풀써는소리 사설의 엮음 원리

박관수 한국민요학회 2006 한국민요학 Vol.19 No.-

In this article, the concept ‘hyangyuso’ is introduced to analyze the formation of words in <pulsseoneunsori>. ‘hyangyuso’ is the singer's thought toward words. When the concept is used in analyzing words, it is possible to analyze the words in literary point of view. Furthemore, by examining ‘hyangyuso’, the local color in <pulsseoneunsori> become more evident. When taking ‘hyangyuso’ as a means of analyzing words, each weaving for certain kinds of grass is used in different range of area ; some weavings are used in whole area, while others are used in some ‘Guns’, still others are used in some villages. Weavings of each kinds of grass has different distribution aspect. This is because each region has mutually different ‘향유의식’. <Pulsseoneunsori> was analyzed in broad perspective. In other words, it is focused on the direction of words, not on words in detail. The direction is defined as ‘inclination’. First in this article, how the words can get the meaning of the object was analyzed. There are showing customs inclination, showing ecology inclination, particularity inclination, etc. And the ways of forming words are selectivity inclination, imperfection inclination, concreteness inclination, sensibility inclination, amusement inclination, etc.

어러리와 아리랑에 대한 문화적 분석

박관수 한국민요학회 2010 한국민요학 Vol.29 No.-

No more than 70 years ago, the song name, Eoreori was generally used not only in Jeongseon but throughout the whole Gangwon Province. However, today the song name has been completely removed without leaving any trace. The song itself, as well as the song name, has changed, and even the fun and enjoyment of the singers have changed. This phenomenon can only partly be explained by the fact that the song is orally transmitted. Hence, this paper tries to explain the phenomenon in its cultural aspect. In the 1930s, the song name, Eoreori, not Arirang, was mainly passed down throughout the GangwonProvince. At that time, Eoreori was passed down without any interference, and there was a difference in rhythm and melody depending on each individual and the regions they originated from. Eoreori, the mother song native in the Gangwon Province, was introduced in Seoul, and Jeongseon Arirang, the child song, was newly created. The child song, with the help of the active communication between people and the development of the phonograph and radio, played a big role in driving out the mother song, Eoreori. This phenomenon derives from the misunderstanding of Korean folk songs by record producers, folk song researchers, and related organizations. Record producers did not see folk songs as a factor that constitutes life, but rather utilized them merely as means of entertainment. As a result, they incorrectly understood Korean folk songs. Researchers on folk songs also did not attempt any field research for specific details, but judged folk songs based on their stereotypes. This can be proven by the attitude of researchers concluding that the emotion behind folk songs is only sorrow or “Han”. In addition, related organizations such as the Jeongseon county office paid no attention to the diversity of folk songs, but standardized the song name and score, pursuing only their convenience. Likewise, Eoreori has changed due to the influence of external cultural environments, but also due to internal cultural environments. In the past when there was a definite division between nobles and commoners, nobles did not sing Eoreori, but it was sung by commoners or servants. However, Eoreori from phonographs or radios did not divide the class of people, and the disappearance of class divisions after independence also contributed to the change of Eoreori. Discussion on Eoreori needs to be progressed in depth considering these situations. Actions based on the misunderstanding of folksongs due to external factors were broadcasted. Record producers with the help of machinery, researchers with authority, and Jeongseon county office, using the power of organization, forced the relatively powerless singers to follow their songs and thoughts. In this process, singers could not actively enjoy Eoreori, but only passively follow the rules set by others. In other words, the joy of Eoreori ceased to exist. 어러리는 급격하게 변모했다. 불과 70여 년 전에는 어러리라는 노래명이 정선은 물론 강원도 전 지역에서 보편적으로 사용되었는데, 이제는 그 흔적조차 발견하기 어렵다. 노래명은 물론 소리 자체도 변모했고, 어러리에 대한 가창자들의 향유의식마저 변화했다. 이러한 변화는, 민요는 구전된다는 측면만으로는 부분적으로 해명될 수밖에 없다. 그래서 본고에서는 문화적 측면에서 그 해명을 시도했다. 1930년대에는 아리랑이라는 노래명보다는 어러리라는 노래명이 강원도에서 보편적으로 전승되었다. 그 당시 어러리가 자족적으로 전승할 때에는 개인별, 지역별로 박자, 선율 등이 다양했다. 강원도에서 자생하던 모민요인 어러리는 서울에 유입되어 자민요인 ‘정선아리랑’을 생산했다. 그 자민요는 사람들의 활발한 왕래, 축음기나 라디오 등의 문명기기의 도움을 받아 모민요인 어러리를 축출하는 데에 큰 역할을 한다. 이러한 근저에는 무엇보다도 음반 생산업자, 민요 연구자, 유관기관들의 민요에 대한 오해가 자리하고 있다. 음반 생산업자들은 민요를 삶을 구성하는 한 요소를 보지 않고 단순히 오락의 대상으로 활용했다. 그들은 결과적으로 민요를 올바르게 바라보지 못했다. 민요 연구자들도 전승 현장을 구체적으로 파악하지 않고, 그들의 고정된 민요관에 따라 민요를 재단을 할 뿐이었다. 민요의 정조를 ‘애처로움’ 내지는 ‘한’으로 파악하는 태도가 이를 보여준다. 또한, 정선군청과 같은 유관기관은 민요 자체가 지닌 다양성을 무시하고 노래명이나 악보를 통일화하는 등 편의를 좇을 뿐이었다. 이처럼 외부적 문화 환경의 영향을 받아 어러리가 변화하기도 했지만, 내부적 문화 환경의 변화에 따라 변화하기도 했다. 과거 반상의 구별이 심할 때 양반 행세를 하던 사람들은 어러리를 부르지 않았고, 평범한 사람들이나 머슴 등과 같은 사람들이 불렀다. 그런데 축음기나 라디오 등에서 흘러나오는 어러리는 반상을 구별하지 않았고, 해방 후 반상의 구별이 사라지는 문화적 상황도 어러리가 변화하는 데 일조했다. 이러한 상황을 반영하면서 어러리에 대한 논의가 더 깊이있게 진행될 필요가 있다고 생각한다. 외부적 요인에서 비롯된 민요에 대한 오해를 바탕으로 한 행위들은 전파력을 지녔었다. 음반업자들은 문명기기에 의지해, 민요연구자들은 권위에 의지해, 정선군청등은 조직에 의지해 상대적으로 힘이 약한 가창자들에게 그들이 만든 소리, 생각을 따르도록 압박했다. 이러한 과정에서 가창자들은 적극적으로 어러리를 향유하지 못하고 소극적으로 향유하게 되었다. 다시 말하면, 어러리를 스스로 즐기는 힘이 소멸되어 간 것이다.

<풀써는소리>에 대한 향유론적 접근

박관수 국립민속박물관 2006 민속학연구 Vol.0 No.19

산화가 초본층의 발샐 및 토양의 화학적 특성에 미친 영향

박관수,이미정,송호경 한국환경생태학회 2002 한국환경생태학회지 Vol.16 No.2

본 연구는 산화가 초본층의 발생 및 토양의 화학적 특성에 미친 영향을 조사하기 위해 2000년 4월 대전의 계족산에서 발생한 산화지를 대상으로 실시되었다. 식생조사는 곰솔우점림 (침엽수림)과 아까시나무우점림(활엽수림)에서 10m×10m의 방형구를 설치하여 실시하였고, 초본층의 발생조사는 7월 21일 Dierssen의 우점도법을 적용하여 실시되었다. 초본층의 피도는 침「활엽수지역 모두에서 산화지가 비산화지보다 높았으며, 출현종수는 산화지와 비산화지의 차이보다 침「활엽수 간에 차이가 더 높았다 토양 시료는 비산화지, 그리고 산화지에서 산화 3일 후 그리고 산화 8개월 후에 0~10cm와 10~20cm 토양깊이에서 채취되었다. 토양 유기물층은 비산화지에서는 깊이가 약 1.5cm이었으나 산화지에서는 유기물층이 없었다. 산화 발생 3일 후 산화지와 비산화지 간의 토양 유기물, 전질소, 유기인산, 치환성 양이온함량, pH및 CEC는 유의적인 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 산화지에서 산화 3일 후와 약 8개월 후의 토양의 화학적 특성들은 일부를 제외하고는 유의적인 차이가 없었다. This study was carried out to estimate the effect of forest fire on herb layer development and chemical properties of soil. The forest fire was in April 2000 in Pinus rigida(softwood) and Robinia pseudoacacia(hardwood) dominant forests at Gaejoksan, Daejeon. Vegetation studies were in the two communities and herb layer development study was in July using dominance of Dierssen. The coverage of herb layer was higher in the burned area than in the unburned area in the two study communities. There was no different herb layer species number between the burned and unburned areas, but there was different herb layer species number between the two communities. Soil samples were collected at 0~10cm and 10~20cm soil depths from the unburned and burned sites after 3 days and 8 months of forest fire. There was no forest floor in burned site, but unburned site has the forest floor of 1.5cm thick. There were no significant differences in soil organic matter, total N, available P, exchangeable K, Ca, Na, and Mg, and CEC, pH in all soil depth, between unburned and burned sites after 3 days of forest fire and between burned site after 3 days and 8 months of forest fire, except in organic matter in 10~20cm soil depth in hardwood sites and in exchangeable Ca in the 10~20cm soil depth, and in Mg in the two soil depths in hardwood sites. It seems to be that forest fire had not changed the chemical soil properties in this study.

승공하면서 건설하는 길 공무원과 정신재무장

박관수 대한지방행정공제회 1968 地方行政 Vol.17 No.176

N/A

$ITI^{(R)}$ implant system에 있어서 $Bio-Oss^{(R)}$와 $Bio-Gide^{(R)}$를 이용한 발치 후 즉시 임플란트의 유용성

박관수,윤규호,정정권,신재명,홍성철,전인성,Park, Kwan-Soo,Yoon, Kyu-Ho,Cheong, Jeong-Kwon,Shin, Jae-Myung,Hong, Sung-Chul,Jeon, In-Seong 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2006 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.28 No.1

In the recent studies, many authors have reported that the success rate of immediate implantation has no difference compared to conventional staged implantation. Although the immediate implantation has many advantages over conventional approach, many clinicians don't seem to practice because they think that most of the extraction sockets will have some bony gab with defects around implant and that this situation makes the result of immediate implantation unpredictable. We clinically analyzed 23 implanted sites of 18 patients treated with immediate implantation in our hospital from September 2003 to January 2004. The $ITI^{(R)}$. dental implant system was used and GBR procedure with $Bio-Oss^{(R)}$. and $Bio-Gide^{(R)}$. was done simultaneously. The pre & post-op. measurements were recorded such as alveolar crest-adjacent tooth CEJ distance, gingival crest-adjacent tooth CEJ distance, existence of periapical lesion, vertical defect around the extraction socket, horizontal defect around the extraction socket, probing depth, radiologic change of alveolar crest height. We report a positive outcome about immediate implantation with review of literatures.

[ $ITI^{(R)}$ ] implant system에 있어서 $Bio-Oss^{(R)}$와 $Bio-Gide^{(R)}$를 이용한 발치 후 즉시 임플란트의 유용성

박관수,윤규호,정정권,신재명,홍성철,전인성,Park, Kwan-Soo,Yoon, Kyu-Ho,Cheong, Jeong-Kwon,Shin, Jae-Myung,Hong, Sung-Chul,Jeon, In-Seong 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2006 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.28 No.2

In the recent studies, many authors have reported that the success rate of immediate implantation has no difference compared to conventional staged implantation. Although the immediate implantation has many advantages over conventional approach, many clinicians don't seem to practice because they think that most of the extraction sockets will have some bony gab with defects around implant and that this situation makes the result of immediate implantation unpredictable. We clinically analyzed 23 implanted sites of 18 patients treated with immediate implantation in our hospital from September 2003 to January 2004. The $ITI^{(R)}$ dental implant system was used and GBR procedure with $Bio-Oss^{(R)}$ and $Bio-Gide^{(R)}$ was done simultaneously. The pre & post-op. measurements were recorded such as alveolar crest-adjacent tooth CEJ distance, gingival crest-adjacent tooth CEJ distance, existence of periapical lesion, vertical defect around the extraction socket, horizontal defect around the extraction socket, probing depth, radiologic change of alveolar crest height. We report a positive outcome about immediate implantation with review of literatures.

민요 사설과 향유 이야기의 결합

박관수 한국민요학회 2014 한국민요학 Vol.40 No.-

Folk songs are usually associated with onsite situations: work songs with the act of labor, ceremonial songs with praying rituals, and amusement songs with act of playing. Thus, one must include such associated stories and actions when discussing folk songs. This paper pays attention to the insight that folk songs have connections not only with their verses and onsite actions, but also with associated stories. Those associated stories are neither hidden meanings of verses nor onsite actions. They refer to the stories within the minds of singers pertaining to the related verses. Other researchers have not yet dealt with such associated stories. The author of this paper focused on whether associated stories exist. This paper deals with not only folk song verses and onsite actions, but also how they relate to associated stories. That is, researching on how they blend together and how the correlation changes with respect to the transmission process as well. 민요는 사설과 현장적 상황이 결합되어 운용된다. 노동요는 노동 행위와, 의식요는 기원 행위와, 유희요는 유희 행위와 결합되어 운용된다. 그러므로 민요 연구는 사설은 물론 관련 행위들과 함께 논의되기 마련이다. 본고는 민요는 사설과 현장적 행위 이외에도 향유 이야기가 결합되어 운용된다는 현상에 관심을 집중한다. 이 향유 이야기는 사설의 이면적 의미도 아니고 현장적 행위도 아니다. 이는 해당 사설과 연관하여 가창자가 마음속에 지니고 있는 이야기를 의미한다. 민요는 일반적으로 단형이다. 이러한 형식적 제약으로 인하여 줄거리를 지닌 이야기를 민요 사설 안에 담기가 쉽지 않다. 즉, 민요 사설과 관련이 있는 이야기가 민요 사설에는 드러나지 않고 향유자들의 마음속에 향유 이야기로 존재한다. 그러니까 민요는 사설과 향유 이야기가 결합되어 운영된다. 민요가 전승되는 동안 사설과 향유 이야기의 결합은 유지되기도 하고 해체되거나 변화되기도 한다. 본질적으로 민요의 향유 이야기는 당대에만 관련이 있고 지역성을 띨 수밖에 없는데, 민요의 전승되는 과정에서 시대가 변하고 지역이 확산되면서 향유 이야기가 변형되거나 탈락의 과정을 겪는 경우가 많다. 지금까지 연구자들은 이러한 향유 이야기에 대해 논의를 하지 않았다. 필자는 민요를 채록할 때 이러한 향유 이야기의 존재에 대해 관심을 기울였다. 본고는 민요의 사설과 현장적 행위뿐만 아니라, 이들이 향유 이야기와 어떠한 연관을 가지며 민요가 운용되는지에 관심을 기울였다. 즉, 이들이 어떻게 결합되는지를 검토했고, 나아가 이들의 결합이 전승 과정에서 어떻게 변화되는 지에도 관심을 기울였다.

버드나무(Salix spp .) 조림지내 시비와 클론이 지상부 및 토양중 탄소축적에 미치는 영향

박관수 한국임학회 1997 한국산림과학회지 Vol.86 No.2

The influences of fertilizer treatment and clones of five willows and one hybrid poplar on above ground and soil carbon (C) accumulations in a willow bioenergy plantation were studied. The aboveground and soil samples were collected in the winter of 1992 and 1993 from the previously established willow plantation at Tully, New York, U.S.A. in 1987. Half of the plots were fertilized annually with 336㎏/㏊ N, 112㎏/㏊ P, and 224㎏/㏊ K. All trees were harvested annually. The most productive clone, willow clone SV1 with fertilization, accumulated 5.4 and 6.8 t/㏊/yr aboveground C contents during the sixth(1992) and seventh(1993) growing seasons, respectively. The average percentage of C in bolewood, bolebark, and branches for the five willow clones and one hybrid poplar clone ranged from 51.1 to 57.5, from 54.0 to 55.4, and from 55.6 to 56.5, respectively, among all treatment combinations. Only tyro of the six clones(SA22 and SA2) responded significantly to the addition of fertilizer by increasing the amount of aboveground C accumulated for the 1992 sampling period(clone-by-fertilizer interaction). No fertilization effect, on aboveground C content, was noted for the 1993 sampling period. No significant fertilization effect on soil C accumulation for all soil sampling depths(0-10, 10-20, and 20-40㎝) was found in 1992 and 1993 sampling years. Little clone effect on soil C content was found in 1992 and 1993 sampling years, except at 0-10㎝ soil depth in 1992. The significant clonal effect on soil C content at 0-10㎝ soil depth could be because of stone content variation rather than clonal effect. The significant clone-by-fertilizer treatment interaction observed requires that evaluation of response to fertilization by willows be made for each clone individually.