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알킬아미노기 말단에 -OH, -OCOR, -OCOOR, -COOR 등의 치환기를 갖는 4-아미노아조벤젠계 염료의 알칼리 가수분해에 대한 분광학적 고찰
박건용,김진우 한국섬유공학회 1991 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.28 No.12
Spectral changes In alkaline hydrolysis of some 4-amlno azobenzene dyes hearing a -OH, -OCOR, -OCOOR or -COOR residue in coupler's N-alkyl group were investigated. The dye containing -OH group showed only a slow hypsochromic shift without a hypochromic shift in solution, and the uptake of the hydrolyzed species on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) did not decreased significantly. The 4'- vitro azobenzene dye containing - OCOR group showed a bathochromic shift with a slight hypochromic shift in solution, and its dye uptakes on PET decreased repidly. Two 2'- bromo-4', 6'-dinitroazobenzene dyes containing -OCOR or - OCOOR group had marked reductions of original dye concentration in solutions and their dye uptakes on PET also decreased by short time hydrolysis. The dye possessing - COOR group showed a bathochromic shift with a hyperchromic shift in solution, but became undyeable rapidly. These results may be caused by the alkaline hydrolysis of -OH, -OCOR, -OCOOR and -COOR residues in coupler's N -alkyl groups, by the steric hindrance and changes of electron density resulted from the hydrolysis of four o -and m - substituents and by a certain cleavage.
시아노기 치환 4-아미노-4노-니트로아조벤젠계 염료의 알칼리 가수분해에 대한 분광학적 고찰
박건용,김진우 한국섬유공학회 1991 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.28 No.11
The alkaline hydrolysis behaviors of six two disperse dyes, especially for cyans substituted 4-amino-4'-nitroazobenzene dyes were studied. The dyes containing two ortho substituents in acceptor ring were very rapidly hydrolyzed by alkali and showed both large hypsochromic and hypochromic shifts. These results may be caused by the decrease of electron-withdrawing power of acceptor and steric hindrance resulted from the hydrolysis of the cyano group and certain cleavages by hydrolysis. Similarly for the dyes which have an o-cyano group in acceptor ring, hypsochromic shifts together with reductions in tinctorial strength were also observed by the alkaline hydrolysis. And only the water-insoluble products remained without hypsochromic shift during hydrolysis participated in dyeing of polyester. The dyes containing an acetoxyalkyl group in terminal amino group produced a bathochromic shift by hydrolysis of acetoxy group. In acetone/sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, the tinctorlal strengths of the dyes without o-cyano group were not reduced, but in dyeing, their dye uptakes were gradually reduced with hydrolysis time. Moreover, most of dyes showed obvious decreases of dye uptakes after washing.
C. I. Disperse Blue 284의 알칼리 가수분해 반응속도 및 반응메카니즘
박건용,박창혁 한국섬유공학회 1996 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.33 No.10
Kinetics and mechanism for alkaline hydrolysis of C. I. Disperse Blue 284 (B-284) which is dulitrothiophene azo disperse dye were investigated. On contacting with alkali, color strength of B-284 decreased instantly and continuosly. The hydrolysis rate of B-284 increased with increasing alkali, concentration and appeared following first order reaction. The observed rate constants obtained from hydrolysis of various amounts of the dye were similar and of initial rates calculated showed that B-284 hydrolyzed by first order reaction. Therefore it was confirmed that the overall reaction was second order, SN2 of nucleophilic substitution reaction. Increasing temperature enhanced the hydrolysis of B-284. From the results of hydrolysis performed at various temperatures, it was obtained that activation energy(E ) was 13.1 kcal/mole, enthalpy of activation($\Delta$H) was 12.3 kcal/mole, and entropy of activation($\Delta$S) was 20.0 EU.
아조계 분산염료의 알칼리 가수분해(V)-전자수용체환의 오르토 위치에 시아노기를 갖는 아미노아조벤젠계 분산염료의 알칼리 가수분해-
박건용,박윤철 한국섬유공학회 1993 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.30 No.8
Alkaline hydrolysis behaviors of aminoazobcnzene, disperse dyes containing ortho cyano substituent in acceptor ring were examined and proposed their hydrolysis mechanism. The dye which has ortho cyano substituent in acceptor ring was very easily and vapidly hydrolyzed by alkali and showed both large hypsochromic and hypochromic shifts in NaOH solution. These may be resulted from a decrease of electron-withdrawing ability of acceptor by hydrolysis. Its hydrolyzed produces were water-soluble and undyeable. Molecular weights of the water-soluble products. obtained from moss spectrometer, were around half of that of original dyes. And their alkaline hydrolysis may be caused by the rapid nucleophilic attack of OH on the carbon atom adjacent to auto group.
아조계 분산염료의 알칼리 가수분해(IV)-헤테로환 아조염료의 알칼리 가수분해 반응 메카니즘-
박건용,유제안 한국섬유공학회 1993 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.30 No.7
Alkaline hydrolysis reaction of heterocyclic auto disperse dyes was discussed and reaction mechanism was proposed. The FT-IR spectra of auto dye derived from dichlorobenzothiazole and its hydrolysis product were almost the same suggesting the dye was stable for alkali. However, auto dyes derived from nitrothiazole and dinitrothiophene were very rapidly hydrolyzed by alkali with large hypsochromic and hypochromic shifts. Their hydrolyzed products were water-soluble and different from those of the original dyes. Molecular weights of the hydrolyzed products were about half of those of the original dyes. Their hydrolysis mechanism may be explained by the rapid nucleophilic attack of OH- on the carbon adjacent to auto group, electron density of which decreased due to the strong electron-withdrawing group such as vitro group.
미하이 M. 바흐친의 메타언어학- ‘말’의 존재방식을 중심으로 -
박건용 한국독어독문학교육학회 2004 獨語敎育 Vol.30 No.-
In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird versucht, die Metalinguistik von Michail M. Bachtin unter dem Aspekt der Seinsweise des Wortes zu untersuchen. Die Metalinguistik steht in der Mitte des gesamten theoretischen Gebäudes Bachtins. Sie hat sich aber erst allmählich vom ersten Ansatz über die Ästhetik des Wortes zur Metalinguistik entwickelt. Zunächst ist die Metalinguistik nach der zentrifugalen Tendenz der Sprache orientiert, die, im Gegenteil zur vereinheitlichenden zentripetalen, der sozialen Redevielfalt der Wirklichkeit entspricht. Zweitens liegen der Metalinguistik vor allem die Persönlichkeit und ihre moralische Verantwortung zugrunde. Und das Wort ist sozial und wertimmanent und ideologisch gefüllt. Daher erweist sich eine lebendige Äußerung als ein nicht wiederholbares Ereignis. Das schon ideologisch gefüllte, daher fremde Wort des anderen wird mit der neuen Intention des Sprechers besetzt und wird dadurch im Inneren zweistimmig und dialogisch. Das Wort ist in diesem Zusammenhang im Grunde intertextuell.