Dichlorvos와 methidathion의 생분해율의 측정

민경진,차춘근,Min, Kyung-Jin,Cha, Chun-Geun 한국환경보건학회 1999 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.25 No.3

The present study was performed to investigate biodegradation rate of dichlorvos and methidathion. In the biodegradation test of two pesticides by the modified river die-away method from June 17 to August 22, 1998, the biodegradation rate constants and half-life were determined in Nakdong(A) and Kumho River(B). Biodegradation rate of dichlorvos was 4.51% in A sampling point, 6.88% in B sampling point after 7 days. Biodegradation rate constants and half-life of dichlorvos were 0.0066 and 105 days in A sampling point, 0.0102 and 67.9 days in B sampling point, respectively. Biodegradation rate of methidathion was 23% in A sampling point, 36% in B sampling point after 7 days. Biodegradation rate constants and half-life of methidathion were 0.0377 and 18.4 days in A sampling point, 0.0641 and 10.8 days in B sampling point, respectively. Biodegradation rate of methidathion was faster than that of dichlorvos. This suggested that the difference in biodegradation of pesticides was due to difference in the water quality and standard plate counts in the Nackdong and Kumho Rivers. The result of correlation analysis between biodegradation rate constants of the pesticides and water quality(DO, BOD, SS, ABS, NH$_3$-N, and NO$_3$-N) showed significant correlation with BOD, SS and NH$_3$-N at the 5% significant level. A significant linear equation was obtained from regression analysis at the 5% significant level, whereas, dependent variables were BOD, SS and NH$_3$-N, and the biodegradation rate constant was independent variable. It is suggested that dichlorvos will be mainly degraded by hydrolysis, and for methidathion was both hydrolysis and biodegradation. A significant QSAR equation was obtained from regression analysis at the 10% significant level, whereas, dependent variable is biodegradation rate constants of BPMC, chlorothalonil, dichlorvos and methidathion, vapor pressures, partition coefficients and water solubilities of the pesticides are independent variables. Also, a significant linear equation was obtained from regression analysis at the 1% significant level, whereas, dependent variable is biodegradation rate constants of BPMC, chlorothalonil, dichlorvos and methidathion, hydrolysis rate constants of the pesticides are independent variables. It is suggested that the pesticides will be degraded by main degradation factor when the pesticides was affected both hydrolysis and biodegradation.

초전형 적외선 센서의 3차원 모델링과 최적화된 주변회로 설계

민경진,강성준,윤영섭,Min, Kyung-Jin,Kang, Seong-Jun,Yoon, Yung-Sup 대한전자공학회 2000 電子工學會論文誌-SD (Semiconductor and devices) Vol.37 No.10

본 연구에서는 전압감도, 잡음등가전력, 비검출능 등이 초전특성들을 각 파라미터의 상호작용을 고려하여 3차원으로 모델링하였다. 그 결과, 전압응답특성은 저주파수 영역의 경우, 단면적에 대한 의존성 없이 두께가 작을수록 큰 전압응답을 보이고, 고주파수 영역의 경우는 20$G{\Omega}$의 부하저항에서 단면적이 작을수록 우수한 전압응답을 보이지만 두께에는 전혀 의존하지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 비검출능은 저주파수 영역에서 20$G{\Omega}$의 부하저항, $4{\times}10^{-10}m^2$ 이상의 단면적, 그리고 $1{\times}10^{-5}m$ 이하의 두께에서 아주 우수한 특성을 나타내었고, 고주파수 영역에서는 $1{\times}10^{-5}m$ 이하의 두께와 $2{\times}10^{-10}m^2$ 이상의 단면적에서 저항에 관계없이 높은 비검출능을 나타내었다. 또, 초전형 적외선 센서의 증폭 및 주파수 대역을 설정하기 위한 주변회로를 설계하였다. 본 연구에서는 1개의 단일 op-amp를 JFET의 드레인 부분의 단자에 연결한 quasi-boot-strap 회로를 사용하여, 2개의 op-amp를 이용한 상용화된 주변회로에 비해 약 56%의 잡음저하와 원하는 주파수 대역 및 증폭도를 얻을 수 있었다. Pyroelectric characteristics such as voltage responsivity, noise equivalent power and detectivity are modeled 3-dimensionaly considering th interaction of each parameters. Also, the circuit is designed to set up the frequency band width and the signal amplification of the pyroelectric IR sensor. The case of low frequency region shows that the voltage response increases with the independence of the sensor area as the thickness decreases. In the high frequency region, it is found that the voltage response with the load resistor of 20$G{\Omega}$ increases with the independence of the sensor thickness as the sensor area decreases. In the low frequency region, the detectivity becomes excellent at th load resistor of 20$G{\Omega}$, the sensor area larger than $4{\times}10^{-10}m^2$ and the sensor thickness thinner than $1{\times}10^{-5}m$, while, in the high frequency region, it shows high value at the sensor thickness thinner than $1{\times}10^{-5}m$ and the sensor area smaller than $2{\times}10^{-10}m^2$ with the independence of the load resistor. In the circuit design, quasi-boot-strap circuit is employed, in which a single op-amp is connected to the drain of JFFT. Desirable frequency band width, amplification rate and the remarkable drop of noise of about 56% from that of conventional circuits with double op-amps are obtained.

$Pb(Zr_{0.9}Ti_{0.1})O_3$ 세라믹 Dynamic 초전특성에 관한 연구

민경진,강성준,장동훈,윤영섭,Min, Kyung-Jin,Kang, Seong-Jun,Chang, Dong-Hoon,Yoon, Yung-Sup 대한전자공학회 2000 電子工學會論文誌-SD (Semiconductor and devices) Vol.37 No.8

능면체정 구조를 갖는 $Pb(Zr_{0.9}Ti_{0.1})O_3$ 세라믹을 제작한 후, dynamic 방법으로 초전특성을 측정하여 초전형 적외선 센서의 응용 가능성에 대하여 조사하였다. $Pb(Zr_{0.9}Ti_{0.1})O_3$ 세라믹의 응답 특성이 저주파와 고주파 영역에 따른 변조 주파수의 주파수 분산 (dispersion) 으로 고려되었고, 그에 따른 초전특성의 주파수 의존성을 관찰하였다. 저주파 (2~200Hz) 영역에서, 분역의 재배향(reorientation) 으로 고려되었고 그에 다른 초전특성의 주파수의 속도보다 빠르므로 분극의 변화량이 증가하여 최대값을 나타낸다. 반면에, 고주파 (200~2000Hz) 영역에서 분역의 재배향은 주파수 증가에 따라 방해를 받아 분극의 변화량이 억제되어 초전 응답이 감소하는 것을 알 수 있다. 초전계수와 재료평가지수는 각각 $1.6{\times}10^{-8}C/cm^2{\cdot},\;1.6{\times}10^{-11}C{\cdot}cm/J$이었고, 잡음등가전력과 비검출능은 각각 $2.4{\times}10^{-7}W/Hz^{1/2},\;4.17{\times}10^6cm{\cdot}Hz^{1/2}/W$이다. Pyroelectric properties of the $Pb(Zr_{0.9}Ti_{0.1})O_3$ ceramics having the rhombohedral structure have been studied by using the dynamic measurement method. The pyroelectric responses of the $Pb(Zr_{0.9}Ti_{0.1})O_3$ ceramics are characterized in both low and high medulation frequency regions and their frequency depences are observed. In the low frequency region (2~200Hz), the change of polarization increases and shows the maximum since the reorientation rate of domains is higher than the modulation frequency. Inthe high frequency region (200~2000Hz), the pyroelectrci response decreases as the frequency increases, because the reorientation of domains is suppressed and so the change of polarization decreases. Pyroelectric coefficient, figure of merit, noise equivalent power and detectivity of the $Pb(Zr_{0.9}Ti_{0.1})O_3$ ceramics are measured as $1.6{\times}10^{-8}C/cm^2{\cdot},\;1.6{\times}10^{-11}C{\cdot}cm/J,\;2.4{\times}10^{-7}W/Hz^{1/2}\;and\;4.17{\times}10^6cm{\cdot}Hz^{1/2}/W$, respectively.

Phosphamidon과 Profenofos의 가수분해속도 상수의 측정

민경진,하영득,서설,차춘근,박장우,이승곤,Min, Kyung-Jin,Ha, Young-Duck,Seo, Seol,Cha, Chun-Geun,Park, Jang-Woo,Lee, Seung-Gon 한국식품위생안전성학회 2000 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.15 No.2

The present study was peformed to determine the hydrolysis rate constants and degradation products of phosphamidon and proffnofos by the OECD method. Hydrolysis rate constants of phosphamidon in pH 4, pH 7, and pH 9 buffer solutions at 25 and 40$^{\circ}$C were 0.0020, 0.0022, 0.0049 and 0.0040, 0.0050, 0.0150, respectively. Hydrolysis rate of phosphamidon was accelerated by temprerature change under same pH conditions, and half-life of phosphamidon in pH 9 at 40。C was 3 times faster than that at 25。C. Hydrolysis rate of phosphamidon in alkaline solution(pH 9) was 2~4 times faster than that in acidic solution(pH 4) and neutral solution(pH 7) under same temperature. Hydrolysis rate constants of profenofos in pH 4, pH 7, and pH 9 buffer solutions at 25 and 40。C were 0.0022, 0.0047, 0.0860 and 0.0035, 0.0086, 0.1245, respectively. Hydrolysis rate of profenofos was accelerated by temprerature change under same pH conditions. Hydrolysis rate of profenofos in alkaline solution(pH 9) was 15~40 times faster than in acidic solution(pH 4) and neutral solution(pH 7) under same temperature condition, and half-life of profenofos was very fast within 8 hours. The hydrolysis rate of profenofos was faster than that of phosphamidon. In order to identify hydrolysis products, the extracts of degradation products were analyzed by GC/MS. The mass spectra of hydrolysis products of phosphamidon were at m/z 153 and 149, those of the profenofos were at m/z 208 and 240, respectively. The hydrolysis products of phosphamidon were O, O-dimethyl phosphate(DMP) and N, N-diethylchloroacetamide, and those of profenofos were 4-bromo-2-chlorophenol and O-ethyl-S-propyl phosphate. Phosphamidon의 가수분해속도상수는 25。C, pH 4, 7 및 9에서 각각 0.0020, 0.0022 및 0.0049이었고, 40。C에서 각각 0.0040, 0.0050및 0.0150으로 측정되었다 같은 pH에서 온도가 높을수록 촉진되었으며, pH 9의 염기성조건에서는 15。C상승에 반감기가 약 3배 정도 빨랐다. 또한 같은 온도에서 산성(pH 4)과 중성조건(pH 7)에 비해 염기성조건에서 가수분해반응이 약 2∼4배 정도 빨랐다. Profenofos의 가수분해속도상수는 25。C, pH 4, 7 및 9에서 각각 0.0022, 0.0047 및 0.0860이었고, 40。C에서 각각 0.0031, 0.0086 및 0.1245로 측정되었다. Profenofos의 가수분해는 phosphamidon과 마찬가지로 같은 pH에서 온도가 높을수록 촉진되었으며, 같은 온도에서 산성과 중성조건에 비해 염기성조건에서 가수분해반응이 약 15∼40배 정도 빨랐고 반감기가 모두 8시간 이내로 가수분해반응이 현저하게 일어났다. Profenofos의 가수분해속도가 phosphamidon보다 빠른 것을 알 수 있었다. 가수분해에 의한 분해산물을 확인하고자 GC/MS분석을 한 결과 phosphamidon의 분해생성물은 m/z=153의 O, O-dimethyl phosphate(DMP)와 m/z=149의 N, N-diethylchloro acetamide로 추정된다. Profenofos의 분해생성물은 m/z=208로 4-bromo 2-chloro phenol과 m/z=240으로 O-ethyl S-propyl phosphate로 추정된다.

Flow-through fish test를 이용한 Phosphamidon과 Profenofos의 생물농축계수의 측정

민경진,차춘근,서설,Min, Kyung-Jin,Cha, Chun-Geun,Seo, Seol 한국식품위생안전성학회 2000 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.15 No.2

Zebrafish(Brachydanio rerio)를 실험어류로 하여 phosphamidon과 profenofos의 생물농축계수(bioconcentration factor: BCF)와 배설속도상수(depuration rate constant) 및 LC$_{50}$를 측정하였다. Phosphamidon의 24, 48, 72, 96시간 LC50 모두 l00 mg/l 이상으로 측정되었다. Phosphamidon 1 mg/l(고농도)와 0.2 mg/l(저농도)에서 어류 체내에서의 농축정도는 두 농도군에서 각각 12시간 이후에 정류상태에 도달하여 168시간동안 거의 일정하였고, BCF값도 12시간에서 16시간 사이에 고농도(0.89, n=7)와 저농도(0.96, n=7)모두 1미만으로 낮게 나타났다. Phosphamidon의 배설속도상수는 고농도와 저농도에서 각각 0.21 h-1과 0.18 h-1 이었고, 반감기는 각각 3.30및 3.85시간으로 측정되었다. 고농도와 저농도에서 각각 12시간 및 8시간 이후에는 g당 0.07 및 0.04 $\mu\textrm{g}$이하로 떨어져 대부분 배설된다는 것을 알 수 있었다. Profenofos의 24, 48, 72, 96시간 LC50는 각각 2.9, 2.6, 2.2, 2.O mg/l로 측정되었다. Profenofos의 96시간 LC$_{50}$ 농도의 1/100농도(0.02 mg/l)와 1/500농도(0.004 mg/l)에서 어류체내에서의 농축정도는 phosphamidon과 마찬가지로 12시간 이후에 정류상태에 도달하여 168시간동안 거의 일정하였고, BCF값은 12시간에서 168시간 사이에 96시간 LC$_{50}$농도의 1/100농도와 1/500농도에서 각각 111.3(n=7)과 141.9(n=7)로 측정되었다. Profenofos의 배설속도상수는 96시간 LC50 농도의 1/100농도와 1/500농도에서 각각 0.10 $h^{-1}$과 0.09$h^{-1}$h-1이었고, 반감기는 각각 6.93 및 7.70시간으로 측정되었다. 각각의 농도에서 12시간 및 8시간 이후에는 g당 0.19$\mu\textrm{g}$ 및 0.18$\mu\textrm{g}$이하로 떨어짐을 알 수 있었다. Phosphamidon과 profenofos의 급성어독성은 profenofos가 높았고, BCF profenofos가 phosphamidon보다 약 100배 정도 높게 나타났으며, 배설속도는 phosphamidon이 profenofos보다 약 2배 정도 빨랐다. The present study was performed to investigate the bioconcentration of phosphamidon and profenofos. The BCFs(bioconcentration factors), depuration rate constants and LC$_{50}$ for two pesticides in zebrafish(Brachydanio rerio) were measured by the flow-through system(OECD guideline 305). The results obtained are summarized as follows: The 24-hrs LC$_{50}$, 48-hrs LC$_{50}$, 72-hrs LC.n and 96-hrs LC$_{50}$ were more than 100 mg/l for phosphamidon. The concentration of phosphamidon in zebrafish reached an equilibrium in 12 hrs at low and high concentrations(0.2 mg/l and 1 mg/1). The average BCF values of phosphamidon were less than 1 at low(0.96, n=7) and high concentrations (0.89, n=7) after 12~168 hrs. Depuration rate constants of phosphamidon were 0.18 hr-1 and 0.21 hr-1, half-life of phosphamidon were 3.85 and 3.30 at low and high concentrations(0.2 mg/l and 1 mg/l), respectively, The concentrations of phosphamidon in zebrafish at low and high concentrations were rapidly decreased after 8(0.04 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g) and 12 hrs(0.07 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g). The 24-hrs LC$_{50}$, 48-hrs LC$_{50}$, 72-hrs LC$_{50}$ and 96-hrs LC$_{50}$ were 2.9, 2.6, 2.2 and 2.0 mg/1 for profenofos. The concentration of profenofos in zebrafish reached an equilibrium in 12 hrs at five-hundredth and one-hundredth concentration of 96-hrs LC$_{50}$(0.004 mgA and 0.02 mg/1). The average BCF values of profenofos were 141.9(n=7) and 111.3(n=7) at five-hundredth and one-hundredth concentration of 96-hrs LC$_{50}$(0.004 mg/l and 0.02 mg/1) after 12~168 hrs. Depuration rate constants of profenofos were 0.09 hr$^{-1}$ and 0.10 hr$^{-1}$, half-life of profenofos were 7.70 and 6.93 at five-hundredth and one-hundredth concentration of 96-hrs LC50(0.004 mg/l and 0.02 mg/1), respectively. The concentrations of profenofos in zebrafish at five-hundredth and one-hundredth concentration of 96-hrs LC$_{50}$ decreased agter 8(0.18 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g) and 12 hrs (0.19 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g). The LC$_{50}$ value in zebrafish showed that acute toxicity of profenofos was higher than that of phosphamidon. The BCF values of profenofos were 100 times higher than those of phosphamidon, and depuration rate of phosphamidon was two times faster than that of profenofos.

흰쥐를 이용한 IBP의 경구투여 및 피부도포 후 요중 대사물질 측정

민경진,조영주,차춘근,Min Kyung Jin,Cho Young Joo,Cha Chun Geun 한국환경보건학회 2002 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.28 No.1

This study was aimed to determine the urinary metabolite of IBP, one of the organophosphorus pesticides, as the biomarkers of exposure. Urine samples were collected for 24 hours in metabolic cages after oral administration and dermal application of IBP to rats. Identification of the derivatized urinary metabolite was determined by GC/MS and excretion time courses of the urinary metabolite was analyzed by GC/FPD. Urinary metabolite o IBP, diisopropyl phosphorothioate, was detected in rats urine both after oral administration and dermal application of IBP. Parent compound was not detected in the experiment. In GC/MS, the mass spectral confirmation for diisopropyl phosphorothioate ion was identified at m/z 254. Diisopropyl phosphorothioate was excreted within 48 hours and 72 hours after oral administration and dermal application of IBP, respectively. In this study, the same urinary metabolite of IBP was detected both in oral and dermal exposure. Generally, excretion of the urinary metabolite after oral administration was faster than after dermal application. It is suggested that urinary diisopropyl phosphorothioate could be used as the biomarkers of exposure to IBP.

비내시경 활용 비염 변증 지표의 평가자 간 신뢰도 연구

민경진,손미주,김영은,김정훈,이동효,Min, Kyung-Jin,Son, Mi-Ju,Kim, Young-Eun,Kim, Jeong-Hun,Lee, Dong-Hyo 대한한방안이비인후피부과학회 2017 한방안이비인후피부과학회지 Vol.30 No.4

Objectives : To identify whether pattern identification using nasal endoscopy for rhinitis can be applied as a tool for evaluating rhinitis in routine care setting, we performed a inter-rater reliability study on this pattern identification. Methods : Two Korean medicine doctors assessed 290 left/right nasal endoscopy photograph cases of rhinitis patients with pattern identification using nasal endoscopy. This pattern identification consist of four assessment items, nasal membrane color(pale/hyperemia), nasal membrane humidity(dryness/dampness), rhinorrhea(watery/yellow), and turbinate membrane edema(atrophic/edematous). Cohen's kappa statistic and Percentage agreement were used to evaluate the inter-rater reliability. Results : Inter-rater percentage agreement and Kappa coefficient for left nasal endoscopy photograph cases was from 'slight' to 'moderate'(% agreement: 40.00-67.59%/Kappa: 0.06-0.407). Only the agreement of 'rhinorrhea (watery/yellow)' item was moderate(% agreement: 67.59%/Kappa: 0.407). Inter-rater percentage agreement and Kappa coefficient for right nasal endoscopy photograph cases was also from 'slight' to 'moderate'(% agreement: 42.41-68.97%/Kappa: 0.109-0.465). Only the agreement of 'rhinorrhea(watery/yellow)' item was moderate(% agreement: 68.97%/Kappa: 0.465). Conclusions : It is necessary to resolve problems such as cut-off value setting, bipolar evaluation values(pale/hyperemia, dryness/dampness, watery/yellow, atrophic/edematous) and weighting items. Further rigorous studies that overcome the limitations of the current research are warranted.

물산업 해외진출 파트너십 구축방안

민경진 ( Kyung Jin Min ) 한국물환경학회 ( 구 한국수질보전학회 ) 2012 한국물환경학회·대한상하수도학회 공동 춘계학술발표회 Vol.2012 No.-

자궁 근종의 적색 이차 변성 후 발생한 혈복강증

민경진 ( Kyung Jin Min ),송기정 ( Ki Jung Song ),백유진 ( Yoo Jin Baek ),여민구 ( Min Koo Yeo ),이재관 ( Jae Kwan Lee ),오민정 ( Min Jeong Oh ),서호석 ( Ho Suk Saw ),허준용 ( Jun Young Hur ),박용균 ( Yong Gyun Park ) 대한산부인과학회 2006 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.49 No.4

간내담석의 수술방법에 따른 치료 효과

민경진(Kyung Jin Min),백무준(Moo Jun Baek),정성필(Sung Pil Jung),이문수(Moon Soo Lee),김형철(Hyung Chul Kim),김창호(Chang Ho Kim) 대한외과학회 1998 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research Vol.55 No.6