중국 조선족 중·고등학생들의 조선어 작문에 나타난 중국어 침투 양상 및 원인분석 ―중국 길림성과 흑룡강성을 중심으로

문영희 ( Wen Yingxi ),조일영 ( Cho Ilyoung ) 국어교육학회 2017 國語敎育學硏究 Vol.52 No.2

본 연구는 중국 조선족 중·고등학교 학생들의 작문에 나타난 중국어의 침투 양상을 분석하는 데 목적이 있다. 연구 목적을 달성하기 위하여 중국 조선족 집거지역과 산거지역의 중·고등학교 학생들이 쓴 350편의 조선어 작문을 수집하여 약 337,000자를 분석하였다. 이 연구에서는 집거지역 중3, 고3과 산거지역 중3, 고3, 네 집단으로 나누어 중국어 침투 현상을 음운론적 측면, 형태론적 측면 통사론적 측면 그리고 의미론적 측면을 분석해 보았다. 집거지역의 조선족 학생들이 쓴 작문을 보면 중국어 침투 현상이 그렇게 심하지 않는 반면에 산거지역의 조선족 학생들의 작문에 나타난 중국어 침투 현상은 집거지역보다 훨씬 많이 나타났다. 조선족이 밀집해 있는 집거지역의 학생보다 분산되어 거주하고 있는 산거지역의 학생들에게서 더 많이 나타나는 침투 현상에 대한 정밀한 분석과 검토는 중국어가 조선어에 침투하는 과정을 살펴볼 수 있는 기초적인 자료가 될 것으로 생각한다. The purpose of this study is to analyze different aspects of Chinese penetration emerged in Korean-Chinese middle and high school students` writing. For this study, about 337,000 words from 350 Chinese Korean essays, written by students from both Korean-Chinese converged and diverged regions, were collected and analyzed. Study subjects are classified into four groups, middle school seniors and high school seniors in Korean-Chinese converged regions and middle school seniors and high school seniors in diverged regions, and the Chinese penetration phenomenon was analyzed in phonologic, morphologic, syntactic and semantic aspects. While the phenomenon of Chinese penetrating into Korean is not remarkable among Korean-Chinese Students who live in Korean-Chinese converged region, it is remarkable in Korean-Chinese diverged region. Accurate analysis and examination on the penetration phenomenon among students in Korean-Chinese diverged region rather than those in Korean-Chinese converged region can be more useful for examining the process of Chinese Penetration into Korean language.

한국어 형용사 ‘뜨겁다’와 중국어 형용사 ‘热’의 의미 대조 연구

문영희(Wen Yingxi),김기석(Jin Jishi) 한국어문학회 2020 語文學 Vol.0 No.149

본고는 인지언어학적인 관점으로 한국어 형용사 ‘뜨겁다’와 중국어 형용사 ‘热’의 현 시점에서 사용하고 있는 원형 의미와 확장 의미가 어떤 보편성과 개별성이 있는지를 탐구하고 의미 확장 방향을 밝히는 데 목적을 두었다. 본고는 우선 한국어 형용사 ‘뜨겁다’와 중국어 형용사 ‘热’의 사전적 의미에 대해 분석을 한 다음, 한국과 중국의 말뭉치(한국 ‘21세기 세종계획 말뭉치’와 중국 ‘北京語言大學BCC現代漢語語料庫’)를 통해 실생활 속에서 사용하고 있는 의미를 통계, 분석을 하였다. 분석한 결과, 한국어 형용사 ‘뜨겁다’와 중국어 형용사 ‘热’의 현실적 의미는 거시적으로 6개의 의미가 비슷한 것으로 보고, 한국어 ‘뜨겁다’는 3개 개별적 의미, 중국어 ‘热’은 11개 개별적 의미가 있다. 인지의미의 확장 양상을 보면, 한국어 형용사 ‘뜨겁다’와 중국어 형용사 ‘热’은 모두 ‘물리적→사회적→심리적’ 방향과 ‘일반성→비유성→관용성’ 방향으로 확장된다는 특징을 보인다. 전반적으로 봤을 때, 두 단어는 모두 긍정적인 의미의 확장 추세를 보이고 있으나, 비유 표현에서는 소수의 부정적인 의미와 중립적인 의미의 확장이 있고, 관용 표현에서는 모두 부정적인 면으로 확장되는 추세를 보인다. 말뭉치를 활용하여 한국어 형용사 ‘뜨겁다’와 중국어 형용사 ‘热’의 실생활에서 많이 사용하고 있는 의미를 비교하고 그 확장 의미와 확장 방향의 보편성과 개별성을 인지언어학적으로 대조하는 것이 두 개 언어의 교수•학습에 있어서 도움이 되고 더 나아가 인류 언어 중 온감 형용사 ‘뜨겁다’의 사용 보편성을 밝히는 데 의의가 있다. The prototype and extended meanings of Korean adjective ‘뜨겁다’ and Chinese adjective ‘热’ were compared in this paper based on cognitive linguistics. This paper aimed to explore the universalities and individualities of the meanings of these two words and the expansion direction of word meaning. This paper firstly made a comparative analysis of the dictionary meanings of Korean adjective ‘뜨겁다’ and Chinese adjective ‘热’. It secondly compared and analyzed the meanings of the two words in real life through the corpora of ‘21st Century Sejong Corpus’ of Korea and ‘Bcc corpus’ of China. The analysis shows that the Korean adjective ‘뜨겁다’ and the Chinese adjective ‘热’ have 6 identical meanings from a macro perspective. In addition, the Korean adjective ‘뜨겁다’ has 3 individual meanings, while the Chinese adjective ‘热’ also has 11 individual meanings. In terms of the expansion of cognitive meaning, both the Korean adjective ‘뜨겁다’ and the Chinese adjective ‘热’ are characterized by expansion in the direction of “physical → social → psychological and generality → figurativeness → habitual aspect”. On the whole, these two words tend to expand in an optimistic and positive direction. There are a few expansions of negative or neutral meanings in the figurative expressions, and they both show a tendency to expand to the negative aspects in the idiomatic expressions. Using the corpora to compare the meaning of the Korean adjective ‘뜨겁다’ and the Chinese adjective ‘热’ in real life, and applying cognitive linguistics to contrast the universality and individuality of the extended meaning and direction is helpful to the teaching and learning of the two languages. Furthermore, it is a significant meaning to identify the universality of semantic use with the sensory adjective of temperature ‘뜨겁다’ in the human language.

촉각형용사 의미와 공기어 사용 빈도의 시각화 -한국어 ‘뜨겁다’와 중국어 ‘热’의 대조를 중심으로

문영희 ( Wen Yingxi ) 중국한국(조선)어교육연구학회 2021 한국(조선)어교육연구 Vol.18 No.0

Based on the research results of the using aspects on the semantics and collocations of Korean ‘tteugeobtta’ and Chinese ‘re’ in the previous research, this paper aim to make the semantic map and word cloud of collocation words of ‘tteugeobtta’ and ‘re’. Firstly, the semantics and frequency of the actual use of ‘tteugeobtta’ and ‘re’ which were analyzed in the previous research are explained, and then a semantic map is made based on the statistics and analysis results by showing the similarities and differences of the meanings and derivative paths of the two words in a visual form. Secondly, It also illustrates the use frequency of noun collocations of ‘tteugeobtta’ and ‘re’ which were analyzed in the previous research, and then a word cloud is made based on the frequency of collocations, which can visualize common collocations. Visualizing the paths of semantic derivation, the frequency of semantic use and the frequency of collocation words can demonstrate the analysis results more intuitively, and help to improve the quality of vocabulary teaching by using it in Korean vocabulary teaching.

한중 형용사 ‘차갑다’와 ‘冷’의 의미 대조 연구

문영희 ( Wen Yingxi ) 중국한국(조선)어교육연구학회 2023 한국(조선)어교육연구 Vol.21 No.0

The prototype and extended meanings of Korean adjective ‘chagaptta’ and Chinese adjective ‘leng’ were compared in this paper based on cognitive linguistics. This paper aimed to explore the universalities and individualities of the meanings of these two words and the expansion direction of word meaning. This paper firstly made a comparative analysis of the dictionary meanings of Korean adjective ‘chagaptta’ and Chinese adjective ‘leng’. It secondly compared and analyzed the meanings of the two words in real life through the corpora of ‘21st Century Sejong Corpus’ of Korea and ‘Bcc corpus’ of China. The analysis showed that the Korean adjective ‘chagaptta’ and the Chinese adjective ‘leng’ have seven same meanings. In addition, the Chinese adjective ‘leng’ has five individual meanings. From the perspective of cognitive word meaning, the expansion directions of Korean adjective ‘chagaptta’ and Chinese adjective ‘leng’ are both “physical → social → psychological” and “generality → figurativeness → habitual aspect”. On the whole, these two words tend to expand in the negative meaning. There are a few positive meaning and neutral extended meanings in figurative meanings in the nonrepresentation, and the meaning of ‘leng’ in the idiomatic expression tends to expand to the negative side. Based on cognitive linguistics theory, comparing and analyzing the meanings of Korean adjective ‘chagaptta’ and Chinese adjective ‘leng’ in real life through corpus, finding out the universalities and individualities of the extended meanings and expansion direction of these two words is helpful to the teaching of the two languages, and has certain research significance of revealing the universality of semantic use of the words related to the temperature adjective ‘cold’ in human language.