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마경복(Kyeong-Bok Ma),천종필(Jong-Pil Chun),김정배(Jung-Bae Kim),도경란(Kyung-Ran Do),조광식(Kwang-Sik Cho),최진호(Jin-Ho Choi),황해성(Hae-Sung Hwang) 한국원예학회 2012 원예과학기술지 Vol.30 No.1
This study was conducted to elucidate the cause of micro-cracking in the exocarp of 'Jinmi' peach (Prunus persica). through the microscopic observation of fruit skin development in 4 varieties such as 'Jinmi', 'Kanoiwa Hakuto', 'Kawanakajima Hakuto', and 'Yumyeong'. Micro-cracking was noted in 59.1% of 'Jinmi', 30.6% of 'Kanoiwa Hakuto', 21.5% 'Kawanakajima Hakuto' and 6.4% of 'Yumyeong', respectively. The development of intercellular spaces, which increased rapidly with the fruit development, was easily observed at 69 days after full bloom. Histological studies revealed that the number of outer epiderm cell layers of 'Jinmi' was smaller than that of the other three cultivars, and thinner than the 'Kawanakajima Hakuto' and 'Yumyeong'. Moreover, 'Jinmi' exhibited smaller and flatter shapes in the sub-epidermal cell layer than those of the 'Kawanakajima Hakuto' and 'Yumyeong' at harvest season. Therefore, these results suggest that micro-cracking of 'Jinmi' fruit skin was due to poor-developed outer epidermis and well-developed intercellular spaces just under exocarp as compared with other varieties.
착과율, PCR-RFLP, 화분관 검경을 이용한 배 종간교배친화성의 검정
김윤경(Yoon-Kyeong Kim),강삼석(Sam-Seok Kang),마경복(Kyeong-Bok Ma),원경호(Kyung-Ho Won),이인복(In-Bog Lee),이별하나(Byul-Ha-Na Lee),이욱용(Ug-Yong Lee),김명수(Myung-Su Kim),신일섭(Il-Sheob Shin),최진호(Jin-Ho Choi),한태호(Tae-Ho Han) 한국원예학회 2018 원예과학기술지 Vol.36 No.3
본 연구는 종간의 유효형질을 보유한 품종을 육성하기 위하여 시도되고 있는 종간교잡의 실효성을 평가하기 위하여 수행하였다. P. pyrifolia ‘Niitaka’와 주요 종에 속하는 품종들과의 교배친화성 검토를 위해 P. betulaefolia에 속하는 ‘OPR114’, ‘OPR260’ 2품종, P. bretschneideri에 해당하는 ‘Dangshansuli’, ‘Xuehuali’, ‘Yali’ 3품종. P. calleryana인 ‘OPR125’, ‘OPR195’, ‘OPR249’ 3품종, P. communis에 속하는 ‘Bartlett’, ‘Bosc’, ‘Canal pear’, ‘Max Red Bartlett’ 4품종, 그리고 같은 P. pyrifolia에 속하는 ‘Chuhwangbae’ 1품종을 부본으로 이용하여 P. pyrifolia ‘Niitaka’에 교배하였다. 교배친화성의 검토는 재배포장에서의 교배후 착과율조사, 교배품종별 주두에서의 화분관 신장 검경, 교배품종간 자가불화합 유전자 밴드패턴 비교 그리고 동계전정가지를 이용한 수삽으로 항온조건을 유지하고 인공수분으로 착과율을 조사하였다. 포장조건에서는 P. pyrifolia ‘Niitaka’는 P.betulaefolia에서는 ‘OPR114’, P. communis에서는 ‘Bosc’과 ‘Canal pear’에서 교배불친화성이 나타났다. 그런데 재배포장에서 착과율이 낮았던 ‘Xuehuali’ 화분을 교배한 ‘Niitaka’의 주두에서 화분관 선단이 비대하는 현상이 일부 관찰되기도 하였지만 자방까지 도달한 화분관도 관찰되어 포장조건에서 나타난 교배불친화성의 검증이 필요하다고 판단되었다. 자가불화합 유전자 밴드패턴 비교결과에서도 일부 품종에서 부분불친화성은 확인되었지만 교배친으로 사용한 모든 품종에서 ‘Niitaka’와 동일한 PCR product는 확인되지 않았다. 따라서, 18°C의 실내조건에서 수삽하여 인위적으로 개화시킨 후 재배포장조건에서 수행했던 동일한 조합으로 교배를 실시한 결과 모든 종에서 교배친화성이 확인되었다. 결과적으로, 종간의 유효형질을 보유한 품종을 육성하기 위하여 시도되고 있는 종간교잡의 불친화성을 확인되지 않았으며 자연포장에서의 교배불친화성은 수분과 수정과정에서의 환경조건에 의한 것이라고 판단되었다. Interspecific hybridization is a popular breeding method employed to introduce effective factors into crops. To evaluate the potential of this method to enrich the quality of pear fruits, we carried out crosses between P. pyrifolia and other species using the pollens of ‘OPR114’ and ‘OPR260’ of P. betulaefolia, ‘Dangshansuli’, ‘Xuehuali’, and ‘Yali’ of P. bretschneideri, ‘OPR125’, ‘OPR195’, and ‘OPR249’ of P. calleryana, ‘Bartlett’, ‘Bosc’, ‘Canal pear’, and ‘Max Red Bartlett’ of P. communis, and ‘Chuhwangbae’ of P. pyrifolia to pollinate flowers of P. pyrifolia ‘Niitaka’. Fruit set in ‘Niitaka’ pear after artificial pollination was investigated under both field and controlled conditions, which encompassed temperature control and use of water-cuttings of winter twigs. To assess compatibility of hybridizations, pollen tube elongation was analyzed in squashed styles under controlled temperature, and the self-incompatibility (SI) gene pattern was validated by PCR. Under field conditions, crosses of ‘Niitaka’ with ‘OPR114’ of P. betulaefolia and ‘Bosc’ and ‘Canal pear’ of P. communis resulted in incompatibility, as the fruit set was low. However, when ‘Niitaka’ was pollinated by ‘Xuehuali’, some of the pollen tubes reached the ovary but they then arrested and appeared swollen in the middle part of the style. PCR confirmed the incompatibility of these crosses, as the gene product from pollens was a different size from that of the ‘Niitaka’. However, interspecific hybridization under controlled conditions resulted in fruit production. We show that interspecific hybridization with P. pyrifolia and other species was feasible under controlled conditions. Suggesting that self-incompatibility of crosses was dependent on environmental factors rather than genetic predisposition.