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용수 논리에 대한 로빈슨식 비판의 타당성 검토__사구부정 해석을 중심으로__
김태수 ( Taesoo Kim ) 인도철학회 2015 印度哲學 Vol.0 No.44
이 글의 목적은 ‘용수의 사구부정 해석이 형식 논리학에 위배되며, 변증법의 형식을 따르는 것’이라는 리차드 로빈슨과 카지야마 유이치 비판의 유효성을 검토하려는 시도이다. 그들에 따르면, 사구부정의 3句와 4句는 각각 모순율과 배중률에 위배된다. 그런데 각 구의 해석에 상식적 전제가 추가될 경우, 네 가지 대안들 중 한 가지는 타당하다. 다만 여기서 모든 대안들을 부정할 경우 이 전제 또한 최소 하나의 형식 논리학 법칙을 위반하게 된다. 하지만, 자성을 지닌 실체로 상정된 공통전제로 인해, 모든 대안은 형식논리학의 법칙을 거스르지 않고도 파기될 수 있다. 이렇듯, 사구부정은 각 句의 표현에 상이한 관점들을 암묵적으로 내포한 것으로 볼 수 있다. 그 경우 사구부정은 형식논리를 위반하거나, 각 구 사이의 수직적 단계 상승을 전제하는 변증법을 상정하지 않고도, 상이한 학파나 관점을 대변하는 방편적 입장으로 파악 할 수 있다. 즉, 상주, 단멸 혹은 동일성이나 인과관계의 조건을 전제로 不可說의 自性을 구하고자 하는 이들의 무지를 깨우치기 위한 방편으로 이해할 수 있는 것이다. The aim of this paper is to see whether Robinson and Kajiyama’s critiques of Nagarjuna’s discourse of catuskoti, as contradicting formal logic, while following a dialectical formula is plausible. According to them, the 3rd koti is a violation of the law of non-contradiction, while the 4th koti, a violation of the law of excluded middle. Yet, since catuskoti can be interpreted as containing different perspectives in its expression of each koti, the critique of violating the law of non-contradiction fails. Further, should a proper presupposition be added, the problem of excluded middle is resolved. Owing to the presence of this premise postulated as a real entity possessing intrinsic nature, it becomes perfectly valid, irrespective of all-out refutation of every option, In this context, catuskoti can be seen as an ‘expedient’, representing different views of separate schools or perspectives without violating the principle of formal logic, nor postulating any hierarchical dialectics elevating into the higher grades among these kotis. Likewise, catuskoti in Nagarjuna can be viewed as revealing the absurdity of postulating any identity or precondition for causal relations in perceiving intrinsic substance.
김태수(Kim Taesoo) 서울행정학회 2011 한국사회와 행정연구 Vol.22 No.2
The German experience of political reunification and social integration can be a model for the divided Korean Peninsula in that the two Germanies achieved reunification while the two Koreas have yet to do so. This paper aims to explicate implications of the West German alien policy for South Korea. Similarly to West Germany, there are several kinds of aliens in South Korea: migrants (or refugees) from the counter-regime, immigrated brethren, foreign workers and multicultural people. West Germany, the second most economically powerful nation in the Western world has been consistent in its advanced policy toward East-German-migrants according to the related clauses of the constitution (Grundcesetz), and has implemented lasting programs. As such, this paper highlights the implications of the West German case for South Korea, such as consistency of the policy in spite of political instability.
중년여성의 대사증후군 예방을 위한 신체활동과 심폐체력 임계점에 관한 연구
김태수(Taesoo Kim),강현식(Hyunsik Kang) 한국생활환경학회 2009 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.16 No.1
The purpose of the study was to investigate whether or not physical activity (PA) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) play independent roles for the development of metabolic syndrome (MS) in middle-aged women. A total of 79 apparently healthy women (mean age of 50.1±3.4 years; body mass index of 24.6±2.5 ㎏/㎡) were invited to participate in this study. Blood variables including glucose and lipoprotein-lipids were measured in fasting blood samples. Baseline PA levels were measured with an accelerometer for seven consecutive days, and CRF was estimated from a sub-maximal cycle ergometer test. From the current study, we found the following results. The optimal cut-off points of the daily PA and CRF for preventing the MS appear to be 9,820 steps/day and 27.6 ㎖/㎏/min, respectively, at least in this study population. With respect to the daily PA, the odds ratios of the MS were 1.0 for the active group and 9.1 for the sedentary group, respectively, even after adjusted for age, body mass index (BMI), percent body fat (%BF), waist, and VO2mx,. With respect to CRF, the odds ratios of the MS were 1.0 for the fit group and 0.9 for the unfit group, respectively, even after adjusted for age, BMI, body fat, waist, and PA. There were linear trends in the morbidity of the MS across PA levels; the higher the PA the lower incidence of the MS. Those relationships were independent of age, body fatness such as BMI, %BF, waist circumference, and CRF. There were similar trends in the MS morbidity across CRF levels; the higher the CRF the lower incidence of the MS. However, the magnitude of the trends was somewhat less than that of the trends-related to PA level. In summary, the findings of the current study suggest that PA plays a significant and independent roles in determining the incidence of the MS in middle-aged women.