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Etoposide의 혼합조제시 희석농도와 시간에 따른 안정성 실험
김옥녀,김운학,이나영 한국병원약사회 1997 병원약사회지 Vol.14 No.4
Etoposide is semisynthetic podophyllotoxin-derivative antineoplastic agent. It has low aqueous solubility and precipitation occurs irregularly and unpredictably. Manufacturer recommends that etoposide should be used below concentration of 400 ㎍/㎖. Aqueous solutions of etoposide in two diluents (5% dextrose water and normal saline) up to 400 ㎍/㎖ are stable up to 24 hours at 25℃. However, precipitation has been reported occasionally in shorter time period in our hospital. We studied the stability of etoposide in different concentration by time course. Etoposide(Vepesid®) was diluted in 5% dextrose water and normal saline at 300, 350 and 400 ㎍/㎖. Physical change was checked by visual and aqueous etoposide samples were collected for HPLC analysis with 0, 3, 6, 10, 24, 48 hour after diluting. A diluted USP etoposide reference standard (350 ㎍/㎖) was used as a standard solutions. The results are as following: 1) At concentration 300 ㎍/㎖, the aqueous solution of etoposide was visually stable for 24 hours. 2) At concentration 350 and 400 ㎍/㎖, there was no change for 10 hours, but precipitation and potency loss were observed for 24 hours. 3) There was no significant difference between diluents for the stability of etoposide.
김옥녀 대한아동복지학회 2014 아동복지연구 Vol.12 No.4
The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of cultural disposition, familial function, andsocial support on self-esteem in Mongolian adolescents. For this study, a survey was conducted with254 high school students in the Khan-uul District of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. The gathered data wasanalyzed using such tools as Cronbach's α, t-test, and a hierarchical regression analysis on SPSS 17.0for Windows. Research findings showed that appraisal support was the element of social support whichhad the greatest influence on self-esteem. Next came emotional support, and communication function, inthat order. As this research seeks to improve the self-esteem of Mongolian adolescents, it will besignificant for these research results to be used as reference sources for policy-making and for thedevelopment of services for adolescents generally.
김옥녀,이상복 최신의학사 1978 最新醫學 Vol.21 No.3
Eucommia ulmoides Oliver which belongs to Eucommiaceae family, has been used in the chines medicine as well as in the folk remidies. It is advocated that this herb exerts good therapeutic effects on a large variety of disorders, e.g. neuralgia, hypertension etc. by analgesic, tranquilizing and hypotensive effects. However the basic pharmacology and the mechanism of hypotensive action are not clear. This experiment was carried out in order to evaluate the hypotensive action of Eucommiae cortex methanol extract (EM) and to clarify the mechanism of action in the rats. The results of the experiments were as follows: 1) Blood pressure manifested gradual responses by the fall of -20.1, -29. 8 and -54.2 mmHg in proportion to the administration of 30, 60 and 80 mg/kg of EM respectively. 2) Prior administration of atropine attenuated the decrease in blood pressure induced by EM (60 mg/kg) slightly, but not significantly. 3) Prior administration of diphenhydramine attenuated significantly the decrease in blood pressure induced by EM (60 mg/kg) . 4) Prior administration of dichloroisoproterenol did not blocked the decrease in blood pressure induced by EM (60 mg/kg) . 5) Administration of epinephrine (20 mg/kg) to the rat pretreated with EM (60 mg/kg) did not show difference in the increase of the blood pressure compared with that of normal rat.