영남문집해제 : 월실유고

권중원 영남대학교 민족문화연구소 1988 민족문화연구소 자료총서 Vol.4 No.-

완충 용액의 유산 농도와 pH가 법랑질의 재광화에 미치는 영향

권중원,서덕규,송윤정,이윤,이찬영 大韓齒科保存學會 2008 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.33 No.6

There are considerable in vitro and in vivo evidences for remineralization and demineralization occurring Simul-taneously in incipient enamel caries. In order to "heal" the incipient dental caries, many experiments have been carried out to determine the optimal conditions for remineralization. It was shown that remineralization is affected by different pH, lactic acid concentrations, chemical composition of the enamel, fluoride concentrations, etc. Eighty specimens from sound permanent teeth without demineralization or cracks, 0.15 mm in thickness, were immersed in lactic acid buffered demineralization solutions for 3 days. Dental caries with a surface zone and subsurface lesion were artificially produced. Groups of 10 specimens were immersed for 10 or 12 days in lactic acid buffered remineralization solutions consisting of pH 4.3 or pH 6.0, and 100, 50, 25, or 10 mM lactic acid. After demineralization and remineralization, images were taken by polarizing microscopy (×100) and micro-computed tomography. The results were obtained by observing images of the specimens and the density of the caries lesions was determined. 1.As the lactic acid concentration of the remineralization solutions with pH 4.3 was higher, the surface zone of the carious enamel increased and an isotropic zone of the subsurface lesion was found. However, the total decalcification depth increased at the same time 2.In the remineralization solutions with pH 6.0, only the surface zone increased slightly but there was no significant change in the total decalcification depth and subsurface zone. In the lactic acid buffer solutions with the lower pH and higher lactic acid concentration, there were dynamic changes at the deep area of the dental carious lesion. 본 연구의 목적은 유산 완충 용액의 pH및 유산 농도 변화가 법랑질에서 인공 우식 병소의 재광화 양상에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위함이다. 유산 완충 용액을 이용하여 법랑질을 탈회시키고, 유산의 농도가 100, 50, 25, 10 mM이고 pH가 4.3인 네 가지 재광화 용액 (Group 1, 2, 3, 4)에 10일, pH 6.0인 네 가지 재광화 용액 (Group 5, 6, 7, 8)에 12일간 처리한 후 무기질의 양적 변화를 편광 현미경에서 얻은 상에서의 탈회 깊이의 변화, 우식 표면층 깊이의 변화로 측정하였다. 또한 micro-computed tomography (micro-CT)를 이용하여 탈회 후와 재광화 후를 촬영하여 얻은 상으로부터 lesion부위의 density를 비교하였다. 1. pH 4.3에서 유산 농도가 증가할수록 우식 표면층의 증가와 표층하 탈회부 중 심층부의 isotropic zone등의 재광화 현상을 보이나, 전체 탈회 깊이 역시 증가하였다. 2. pH 6.0에서 우식 표면층에 국한된 재광화 현상을 보이고, 전체 탈회 깊이는 변화가 없었다. 이상의 실험 결과로 미루어 포화도가 일정한 유산 완충 용액으로 재광화 유도시 pH가 낮고 유산의 농도가 높을수록 표면으로부터 심층부 동역학적 변화에 더 영향을 주었으며, micro-CT를 이용한 우식 병소부위의 density 확인을 통해 무기질의 침착과 방출 현상을 객관적으로 평가할 수 있었다.

청소년이 지각한 부모 양육행동과 사이버폭력과의 관계에서 대인관계성향의 매개효과

권중원,이자영 서울사이버대학교 미래사회전략연구소 2016 미래사회 Vol.7 No.1

Cyber violence has emerged as a new form of violence, owing to its basic attribute of 'violence along with cyber as a means of spread and sphere of anonymity, that harmers may control and harass victims 24 hours a day. Even though currently cyber violence is becoming more prevalent, there is not studied about cyber violence. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of parenting behavior on cyber violence via mediation of adolescents interpersonal relationship tendency. For this, middle school students and high school students are participated in this study and the data were analyzed by SPSS 18.0. The analysis result revealed that in relations among parenting behavior, doing harm and damage experiences of cyber violence, the mediation effect of interpersonal relationship tendency has a partial mediation effect only in relation between father?mother affectionate parenting behavior and experience of doing harm. Also, in relations of both doing harm and damage father mother controlling behavior, social relation tendency and higher expressional tendency have perfect mediation effects. Finally, this study suggested strategies to prevent cyber violence. 사이버폭력은 '폭력' 이라는 기본적인 속성과 '사이버' 라는 전파성, 익명성의 공간적 특성으로 인해 가해자가 피해자를 14시간 통제하고 괴롭히는 새로운 폭력양상 으로 심각해지고 있음에도 불구하고 이에 대한 연구가 많지 않다. 이에 본 연구에서 는 사이버폭력을 촉발 및 완화시키는 요인으로 청소년들이 지각하는 부모양육태도 와 대인관계 성향을 선정하고 이러한 변인들이 사이버폭력에 미치는 영향을 살펴보 고자 하였다. 이를 위해 중, 고등학생을 대상으로 설문을 실시하고, SPSS 18.0을 활 용하여 통계적 검증을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 부모 애정적 양육행동과 사이버폭력 가해경험과의 관계 그리고 모 애정적 양육행동과 사이버폭력 피해경험과의 관계에 서는 표현성향이 부분매개효과를, 부모 통제적 양육행동에는 사이버폭력 가해 및 피해경험과의 관계에서 사회관계성향과 표현 성향이 부분 또는 완전 매개효과를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 부정적 양육행동과 사이버폭력 피해경험과의 관 계에서는 어떤 대인관계성향도 통계적으로 유의미한 매개효과를 나타나지 않았다. 위와 같은 연구 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구의 함의와 사이버폭력이 없는 미래사회를 위한 예방 전략을 제시하였다.

열대 기하를 활용한 수학 동아리활동 자료 개발

권중원,김용구 全南大學校 師範大學 科學敎育硏究所 2014 科學敎育硏究誌 Vol.38 No.1

We introduce tropical algebra and tropical gepmetry, which are new research fields in Mathematics. After explaining basic properties of tropical algebra and tropical gemetry, we present educational materials for high-school students as an extra-curriculum.

정지신호과제의 수행이 동작의 실행과 정지기능에 미치는 영향

권중원,남석현,김중선,Kwon, Jung-Won,Nam, Seok-Hyun,Kim, Chung-Sun 대한물리치료학회 2011 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.23 No.1

Purpose: We studied the changes in motor response time and stop signal response time following visuomotor skill learning of a stop signal task in young healthy subjects. This study also was designed to determine what an effective practice is for different stop signals in the stop signal task (SST). Methods: Forty-five right-handed normal volunteers without a history of neurological dysfunction were recruited. They all gave written informed consent. In all subjects, motor reaction time (RT) and stop signal reaction time (SSRT) were measured for the stop signal task. Tasks were classified into three categories: predictable-stop signal task (P-SST) practice group random-stop signal task (R-SST) practice group control group. Results: Motor reaction time in the P-SST was significantly reduced when comparing pre- and post-tests (p<0.05). Stop signal reaction times in the P-SST and the R-SST were significantly reduced following motor skill learning (p<0.05). Also, the reaction time of the R-SST was shorter than that of the P-SST. Conclusion: These findings indicate that practice of an SST improves motor performance and stop function for some stop signals in the SST. P-SST practice was effective in the stop function of regular movement because of faster of the motor prediction and preparation but the R-SST was effective in the stop function of movements because of faster motor selection.

The Effect of Different Head Positions in Sitting on Head/Shoulder Posture and Muscle Activity

권중원,남석현,최용원,김중선,Kwon, Jung-Won,Nam, Seok-Hyun,Choi, Yong-Won,Kim, Chung-Sun The Korean Society of Physical Therapy 2013 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.25 No.4

Purpose: This study was to investigate whether the two different head postures, natural and ideal head posture, affect head/shoulder posture and muscle activity. Methods: Thirty healthy subjects with the forward head and round shoulder posture were participated in this study. This study utilized a within-subjects design with subjects being positioned into two sitting positions: natural head posture (NHP) and ideal head posture (IHP). Forward head angle (FHA) and forward shoulder angle (FSA) of each subject were measured for assessing the head/shoulder posture and muscle activities of upper trapezius (UT), lower trapezius (LT), and serratus anterior (SA) during the forward overhead reaching. Results: There were significant increases in both FHA and FSA after taking IHP, which showed greater angles than in taking NHP. In change of muscle activities, there were significant decreases in both LT and SA after taking IHP, which showed lower activities than in taking a NHP, whereas there was no significant change in UT. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that postural alterations associated with forward head and rounded shoulder postures could alter scapular kinetics and muscle activity during the forward overhead reaching.

노인과 젊은 성인의 주관적 시수직의 차이와 그에 따른 균형, 어지럼증 및 보행 변화 연구

권중원,여상석 대한고유수용성신경근촉진법학회 2020 PNF and Movement Vol.18 No.3

Purpose: Balance and gait dysfunction caused by aging affect elderly individuals’ independent life, which, in turn, can reduce their overall quality of life. The purpose of this study is to compare the differences in the vestibular function of healthy elderly and young adults based on the subjective visual vertical (SVV) test as well as to compare and analyze the gait ability between these two groups to study the differences and association between vestibular, dizziness, and balance ability. Methods: The subjects were 18 young and 16 elderly adults with no neurological or musculoskeletal damage. To evaluate vestibular function, a subjective visual vertical test was performed. To evaluate the gait function, the step time, step length, stride length, stance phase ratio, and swing phase ratio were measured. Balance was evaluated using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and dizziness was evaluated using a dizziness handicap inventory (DHI). Results: There were significant differences in the SVV, BBS, and DHI between the young and elderly adults (p < 0.05). The gait variables of the older adults were all significantly different (except for the swing phase ratio) than those of the young adults (p < 0.05). As the result of correlation analysis, the SVV values of the young adults showed a significant negative correlation with step length and stride length (p < 0.05), while the SVV values of the elderly adults only showed a significant positive correlation with the DHI (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The elderly appeared to show a decrease in vestibular function when compared to the young adults, and it is thought that walking and balance function declined, while dizziness increased. Moreover, it is believed that these results can be used as basic data for vestibular rehabilitation in the future.

Comparison of Random and Blocked Practice during Performance of the Stop Signal Task

권중원,남석현,김중선 대한물리치료학회 2011 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.23 No.3

Purpose: We investigated the changes in the stop‐signal reaction time (SSRT) and the no‐signal reaction time (NSRT)following motor sequential learning in the stop‐signal task (SST). This study also determined which of the reduction0s of spatial processing time was better between blocked‐ and random‐SST. Methods: Thirty right‐handed healthy subjects without a history of neurological dysfunction were recruited. In all subjects,both the SSRT and the NSRT were measured for the SST. Tasks were classified into two categories based on the stop‐signal patterns, the blocked‐SST practice group and random‐SST practice group. All subjects gave written informed consent. Results: In the blocked‐SST group, both the SSRT and the NSRT was significantly decreased (p<0.05) but not significantly changed in the random‐SST group. In the SSRT and the NSRT, the blocked‐SST group was faster than the random‐SST group (p<0.05). In the post‐test SST after practice of each group, the SSRT was significantly decreased in the random‐SST group (p<0.05), but the NSRT showed no significant changes in either group. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that random‐SST practice resulted in a decrease in internal processing times needed for a rapid stop to visual signals, indicating motor skill learning is acquired through improved response selection and inhibition.

Comparison of the Static Balance Ability according to the Subjective Visual Vertical in Healthy Adults

권중원,여상석 대한물리치료학회 2020 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.32 No.3

Purpose: The subjective visual vertical (SVV) test is used to evaluate the otolith function in the inner ear. This study compared the different balance ability according to the results of the SVV in healthy adults. Methods: This study recruited 30 normal healthy subjects who did not have neurological and musculoskeletal disorders. The subjects were divided into experimental and control groups based on the results of SVV: experimental group, >2°; control group, <2°. The static balance ability was evaluated using the Fourier Index, which could evaluate the balance capacity objectively and quantitatively. Results: The mean angle of the SVV in the experimental and control groups was 4.44° and 0.59°, respectively. In the result of the Fourier series, the F1 frequency band in the experimental group showed a significantly higher value under one condition compared to the control group (p<0.05). In the F2-4 and F5-6 frequency bands, the experimental group showed a significant increase in the Fourier series value under the four conditions compared to the control group (p<0.05). In the F7-8 frequency band, significantly higher values of the Fourier series were observed in the experimental group under the three different conditions (p<0.05). Conclusion: These results showed increased trunk sway while maintaining static balance in the experimental group who showed a larger SVV angle compared to the control group. The SVV can be applied to evaluate the vestibular system and balance ability in normal adults.

The Ongoing Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on both the Hemispheres: Single Case fMRI Study

권중원,손성민,김중선,조인술 대한물리치료학회 2011 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.23 No.6

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate whether dual‐hemisphere transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) could induce more cortical activity, compared to single‐hemisphere, using functional MRI (fMRI). Methods: One right‐handed healthy subject was recruited. Three phases of dual‐hemisphere tDCS (i.e. anodal tDCS over the left‐dominant primary sensoriomotor cortex (SM1) and cathodal tDCS over the right‐non dominant SM(1) were consecutively delivered on to a subject, during fMRI scanning. The voxel count and the intensity index in the averaged cortical map were analyzed among the three tDCS phases. Results: Our result showed that cortical activation was observed on all the three phases of the dual‐hemisphere tDCS. Voxel count and intensity index were as following; 912 and 4.07 in the first phase, 1102 and 3.90 in the second phase, 1031 and 3.80in the third phase. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that application of the dual‐hemisphere tDCS could induce cortical activity and maintain to recruit cortical neurons. Our findings suggested that application of dual‐hemisphere tDCS could produce efficiency of the ongoing tDCS effect to facilitate cortical excitability.