마크로라이드-린코사마이드-스트렙토그라민 B(MLS)계 항생물질에 대한 유도 내성

권애란(Ae Ran Kwon),최성숙(Sung Sook Choi),김숙경(Sook Kyung Kim),정영자(Young Ja Chung),최응칠(Eung Chil Choi),김병각(Byoung Kak Kim) 대한약학회 1994 약학회지 Vol.38 No.3

Forty nine clinical isolates of S. aureus showing resistance to erythromycin(EM) were selected from 83 strains isolated recently in Korea. Fourteen strains of S. aureus showing inducible resistance to MLS antibiotics were selected by disc agar diffusion method. Colony hydridization was executed using two MLS inducible resistance genes, ermA and ermC, identified previously from S. aureus as probes. S. aureus 375 and S. aureus 507 whose genes were not homologous to those probes were finally selected. It was confirmed that the resistance genes of S. aureus 375 and S. aureus 507 had no homology with those probes in southern hybridization test using ermA, ermC and ermAM as probes. It was determined that S. aureus 375 had a plasmid whose size was about 35 kb. To know if the plasmid may have the genes related to inducible resistance to MLS antibiotics, it was attempted to transform Bacillus subtillis BR151 and S. aureus RN4220 with the plasmid isolated from S. aureus 375. It was shown that the gene related to inducible resistance to MLS antibiotics did not exist in this plasmid. These results indicate that two clinical isolates of S. aureus showing inducible resistance to MLS antibiotics have novel genes that have no homology with MLS resistance genes identified so far. It is assumed that these genes may exist in chromosomal DNA.

주의력 문제를 호소하는 아동, 청소년의 K-WISC-Ⅳ 및 ATA의 특성

권애란 ( Ae Ran Kwon ),홍창희 ( Chang Hee Hong ) 한국정서·행동장애아교육학회(구 한국정서학습장애아교육학회) 2015 정서ㆍ행동장애연구 Vol.31 No.2

주의력 문제를 호소하는 아동, 청소년들을 대상으로 최근 개발된 K-WISC-Ⅳ 및 주의력 검사를 통해 지능과 시·청각 주의력의 관련성을 알아보았다. 90명의 아동, 청소년들에게 K-WISC-Ⅳ와 정밀주의력검사(ATA: Advanced Test of Attention)를 실시하였다. 먼저 K-WISC-Ⅳ와 ATA의 상관관계를 알아보았고, 단계적 회귀분석을 통해 전체 지능과 하위 지표를 잘 설명하는 ATA의 측정치들을 살펴보았으며, 끝으 로 지능 수준에 따른 주의력의 차이를 검증하였다. 상관분석 결과, K-WISC-Ⅳ에서 지각추론, 작업기억, 처리속도 및 전체지능이 ATA의 누락, 오경보, 반응시간 표준편 차 측정치들과 부적 상관을 보였다. 전반적인 상관패턴은 K-WISC-Ⅲ를 사용한 선 행연구들과 일치하였으나, K-WISC-Ⅳ의 4요인 분류 및 개정된 소검사 등으로 인해 언어이해 지표 등에서 선행연구와 차이를 보였다. 또한, 시각 주의력에 비해 청각 주 의력이 지능의 하위 지표들과 상관이 높았다. 단계적 회귀분석에서도 청각 주의력이 전체지능, 작업기억 및 처리속도 지표를 잘 설명하였다. 지능 수준에 따른 주의력의 차이를 보면, 시각 주의력의 누락과 청각 주의력의 오경보 측정치가 지능 수준에 가 장 민감하였다. 시·청각 주의력 검사 모두에서 반응시간 측정치는 지능 수준에 따 른 차이를 보이지 않아 지능의 영향을 가장 적게 받는 것으로 여겨진다. 본 연구의 결과는 교육적, 임상적 평가나 개입시 기초 자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다. This study was to evaluate the relation between intelligence and attention using K-WISC-Ⅳ and ATA(Advanced Test of Attention). A total of 90 children, adolescents were assessed using the ATA and K-WISC-Ⅳ. They were verified by many statistical methods such as K-WISC-Ⅳ and ATA correlation, stepwise regression analysis and the F test difference of attention in accordance with level of intelligence. As a results, the variables of ATA were shown the negative correlations with Perceptual Reasoning Index, Working Memory Index, Processing Speed Index and Full Scale IQ except for Verbal Comprehension Index in K-WISC-Ⅳ. There were shown the results consistent with the previous studies with K-WISC-Ⅲ, but partial results did not match. It seems to be due K-WISC-Ⅳ classification of the 4 factors and revised subtests. In addition, auditory attention was a significant predictor of the FSIQ, WMI and PSI in K-WISC-Ⅳ, compared to visual attention. According to the levels of intelligence, commission error in auditory attention and ommission error in visual attention were different. Response time in visual-auditory attention were not influenced on intelligence levels. It is expected this study can be applied to educational and clinical assessment and intervention.

타인의 사회적 행동정보에 따른 아동의 회상 발달

권애란(Ae Ran Kwon) 한국아동학회 1993 兒童學會誌 Vol.14 No.1

The purpose of the present study was to examine age differences in children`s recall for information about aggression, prosociability, and social withdrawal of others and to investigate the impact of likeability on children`s recall for social behavioral information. The subjects were 160 children, 20 boys and 20 girls each at 6, 8, 10, and 12 years of age. The subjects listened to descriptions of the social behavior of a hypothetical boy and girl and subsequently reported their recollections. These descriptions were drawn from Bukowski`s(1990) stydy, the Pupil Evaluation Inventory, and the Pittsburgh Adjustment Scales. The data were analyzed with 2-way ANOVA, paired T-test, and correlation. Differences across the age levels were found in the number of behaviors correctly recalled for the behavioral descriptions of aggression, prosociability, and social withdrawal. Descriptions of aggressive behavior was recalled more when children listened to a hypothetical boy than to a hypothetical girl. Additional analyses revealed that at 6 years of age, children recalled more descriptions of aggressive and prosocial behavior than of withdrawal and at 10 and 12 years of age, children recalled more descriptions of withdrawal behavior than of aggressive and prosocial behaviors. The more negative the children`s affective evaluations of the withdrawal behavior, the better they recalled the withdrawal behavior.

국내 한 대학병원에서 수집된 Mupirocin 내성 포도알균의 내성 유전자 및 항생물질 감수성 분석

민유홍,이종서,권애란,심미자,최응칠,Min, Yu-Hong,Lee, Jong-Seo,Kwon, Ae-Ran,Shim, Mi-Ja,Choi, Eung-Chil 한국미생물학회 2012 미생물학회지 Vol.48 No.2

서울의 한 종합병원에서 포도알균 임상균주들을 2003, 2005, 2006 및 2009년에 각각 100, 195, 151 및 112주를 수집하여 mupirocin 내성율 변화 추이를 분석하였다. Staphylococcus aureus의 mupirocin에 대한 고도내성(최소억제농도 ${\geq}512{\mu}g/ml$) 빈도는 감소 추세로 2005년 이후에는 나타나지 않았다. 반면 S. aureus의 저도내성(최소억제농도 $8-256{\mu}g/ml$)은 2005년까지 나타나지 않았으나 2006년부터 나타나기 시작하여 2009년에는 6.9%에 이르렀다. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS)의 전체적인 내성율은 S. aureus와 달리 상당히 높은 수준이었다. 2003년 CNS의 고도내성율은 16.0%이었으나 지속적으로 상승하여 2009년에는 31.5%에 이르렀다. CNS의 저도내성율은 2003년 8.0%이었고 이후 11% 정도의 일정 수준을 나타내었다. 모든 고도내성 균주들에서 ileS-2의 존재가 확인되었으며, 모든 저도내성 균주들에 대하여 ileS 유전자의 염기서열을 분석한 결과, 저도내성의 원인으로 알려진 V588F 변이가 공통적으로 발견되었다. 이외에도 S. aureus에서 V458G, 그리고 CNS에서 D172A, Y490H, I750V 변이들이 새로 발견되었다. Mupirocin 내성 균주들의 oxacillin 및 피부감염 치료에 사용되는 주요 외용 항생물질들에 대한 내성율을 측정한 결과, 고도내성인 S. aureus 1주는 이들 모든 항생물질에 내성이었고 저도내성인 S. aureus 10주는 fusidic acid를 제외한 모든 항생물질에 내성이었다. Mupirocin에 고도내성(61주) 및 저도내성(27주)인 CNS 균주들은 감수성인 CNS 균주들(167주)보다 이들 항생물질에 대하여 상당히 높은 내성율을 보였다. 따라서 포도알균에 의한 피부감염의 효과적인 치료를 위해선 mupirocin 내성 균주의 출현을 방지해야 한다. We analyzed mupirocin resistance rates among staphylococcal isolates collected from a Korean hospital in 2003 (100 isolates), 2005 (195 isolates), 2006 (151 isolates), and 2009 (112 isolates). In Staphylococcus aureus, rates of high-level mupirocin resistance (MIC, minimal inhibitory concentration ${\geq}512{\mu}g/ml$) decreased and did not appear since 2005. In contrast, low-level mupirocin resistance (MIC $8-256{\mu}g/ml$) was not detected in 2003 and 2005 but its rates later increased to 6.9% in 2009. Total resistance rates of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) were significantly higher than those of S. aureus. The rates of high-level resistance of CNS increased from 16.0% in 2003 to 31.5% in 2009. The rate of low-level resistance of CNS was 8.0% in 2003 and around 11% later. In all high-level resistant isolates, the ileS-2 gene was detected. All low-level resistant isolates contained the known V588F mutation in ileS gene. Previously unknown mutations such as V458G in S. aureus and D172A, Y490H and I750V in CNS were identified additionally. One S. aureus isolate with high-level resistance was resistant to oxacillin and several topical antibiotics commonly used for the treatment of skin infection. Ten S. aureus isolates with low-level resistance were also resistant to all of these antibiotics except fusidic acid. CNS isolates with high-level (61 isolates) and low-level resistance (27 isolates) exhibited significantly higher resistance rates to these antibiotics than mupirocin-susceptible CNS isolates (167 isolates). In conclusion, prevention of the emergence of mupirocin resistance is necessary for the effective treatment of skin infection by staphylococci.

인구구조 변화에 따른 콘텐츠산업 변화 예측

모진성(Jin-Sung Mo),권애란(Ae-Ran Kwon),이성남(Sung-Nam Lee) 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 2021 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.5

본 연구는 고령화, 저출산, 고학력의 인구구조 변화에 따른 콘텐츠산업에 미치는 영향을 분석하고, 이에 따른 결과를 중심으로 콘텐츠사업이 성장할 수 있는 시사점을 제시하고자 한다. 자료 수집은 통계청 경제활동 인구조사에서 성별, 연령별, 교육정도별 15세 이상 경제활동인구를 2010년부터 2018년까지 도출하였다. 문화체육관광부 콘텐츠산업조사에서 콘텐츠산업매출, 종사자수, 사업체수를 2010년부터 2018년까지 도출하였다. 자료 처리는 SPSS VER.23.0으로 인구구조 변화에 따른 콘텐츠산업과의 영향 관계를 분석하였다. 본 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 성별 인구구조 변화에 따른 콘텐츠산업의 매출, 종사자수, 사업체수가 영향이 있다는 것을 제시하였다. 둘째, 교육정도별 인구구조 변화에 따른 콘텐츠산업의 매출, 종사자수, 사업체수가 영향이 있다는 것을 제시하였다. 셋째, 연령별 인구구조 변화에 따른 콘텐츠산업의 매출, 종사자수, 사업체수가 영향이 있다는 것을 제시하였다. 이와 같은 연구를 통하여 콘텐츠산업이 다양한 계층과 세대를 포용할 수 있도록 다양한 공동체와 연계하여 발전할 수 있는 성장의 기회가 제공되길 기대한다. 또한 콘텐츠산업이 새로운 패러다임을 창출할 수 있는 기회가 제공될 수 있는 환경이 마련되어 경제 활성화에 기여하길 기대한다. This study analyzes the impact on the contents industry due to changes in the demographic structure of aging, low birthrate, and highly educated, and aims to present implications for the growth of the contents business based on the results. For data collection, the Economically Active Population Survey of the National Statistical Office derived the economically active population over the age of 15 by gender, age, and education level from 2010 to 2018. Content industry sales, number of workers, and number of businesses were derived from 2010 to 2018 in the content industry survey of the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism. The data processing was SPSS VER.23.0, which analyzed the influence of the demographic change with the content industry. The results of this study are as follows. First, it was suggested that the sales, the number of workers, and the number of businesses in the content industry are affected by the change in the gender demographic structure. Second, it was suggested that the contents industry’s sales, the number of workers, and the number of businesses are affected by the change in the demographic structure by education level. Third, it was suggested that the sales, the number of workers, and the number of businesses in the content industry are affected by changes in the demographic structure by age. Through such research, it is hoped that the content industry will provide opportunities for growth in connection with various communities so that it can embrace various classes and generations. In addition, the content industry is expected to contribute to economic revitalization by providing an environment where opportunities to create a new paradigm are provided.

한국형 유산균 Bifidobacterium 속 균주의 항생물질에 대한 감수성

장현아,최금화,오태권,권애란,김동현,최응칠,Chang, Hyun-Ah,Choi, Keum-Hwa,Oh, Tae-Kwon,Kwon, Ae-Ran,Kim, Dong-Hyun,Choi, Eung-Chil 대한약학회 1998 약학회지 Vol.42 No.6

Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of Bifidobacterium spp. strains (Bifidobacterium breve K-110, B. breve K-111 and B. infantis K-525) isolated from healthy Korean against antituberculosis agents and fluoroquinolones were determined. From the MICs it was found that Bifidobacterium breve K-110, B. breve K-111 and B. infantis K-525 were susceptible to rifampicin and fluoroquinolenes and resistant to other antituberculosis agents.

리팜피신과 플로로퀴놀론계 항생균제에 내성인 Bifidobacterium infantis OFR-525 균주

장현아(Hyun Ah Chang),권애란(Ae Ran Kwon),오태권(Tae Kwon Oh),김동현(Dong Hyun Kim),최응칠(Eung Chill Choi) 대한약학회 1999 약학회지 Vol.43 No.1

Bifidobacterium infantis K-525 isolated from healthy Korean was susceptible to rifampicin and fluoroquinolones and resistant to other antituberculosis agents. When the preparation of this strain is taken as a therapeutics for human intestinal disorders with rifampicin or fluoroquinolones, its therapeutic effect can not be expected. So, B. infantis RFR-525 resistant to rifampicin was obtained by treating the parent B. infantis 525 with N-methyl-N`-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. B. infantis OFR-525 was produced by serial passage of B. infantis RFR-525 on agar with 2-fold minimal inhibitory concentration of ofloxacin. B. infantis OFR-525 was resistant to antituberculosis agents and fluoroquinolones up to 4-128 fold higher than that for the original strain. The resistance of B. infantis OFR-525 against rifampicin and ofloxacin was maintained in vivo and in vitro. Conclusively, B. infantis OFR-525 can be regarded as a promising strain which can be developed as the preparation for the treatment of the intestinal disorders of the tuberculosis patients under rifampicin and ofloxacin therapy.

옻나무 수피부(Rhus verniciflua Stokes bark) 메탄올 추출물의 항균활성

민유홍 ( Yu Hong Min ),권애란 ( Ae Ran Kwon ),이은숙 ( Eun Sook Lee ) 한약응용학회 2013 한약응용학회지 Vol.13 No.1

Objectives:In this study, the in vitro antibacterial spectrum of methanol extract of Rhus verniciflua Stokes bark was determined. Antibacterial activities of the extract against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus including methicillin-resistant S. aureus were also evaluated. Methods:Agar dilution method was used to determine minimum inhibitory concentration of the extract for standard strains of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and clinical isolates of S. aureus. Results:The extract showed activities against all standard strains tested in the minimum inhibitory concentration range 0.031-0.5 mg/ml for Gram-positive bacteria and 0.031-1 mg/ml for Gram-negative bacteria. Against methicillin-susceptible and-resistant S. aureus, the extract also showed good activity. Conclusions:Methanol extract of R. verniciflua Stokes bark had broad antibacterial spectrum and good activity against clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant S. aureus.

안개 D형 저지원을 갖는 MLS 내성 황색 포도상 구균의 분포와 내성 기전

윤은정(Eun-Jeong Yoon),김현지(Hyunjee Kim),권애란(Ae-Ran Kwon),최성숙(Sung-Sook Choi),심미자(Mi-Ja Shim),최응칠(Eung-Chil Choi) 대한약학회 2006 약학회지 Vol.50 No.3

A new type of macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramin B antibiotics (MLS) resistance, showing the characteristic phenotype growing within the inhibition zone area around the clindamycin disk, was identified among clinically isolated Staphylococcus aureus. We named the phenotype as MLS resistance with foggy-D shape (fMLS). The average frequency of fMLS isolates was 9%. All of fMLS isolates have only erm(A) for the resistance determinant. The growth pat- tern of the challenged fMLS isolate looks intermediate phase between the patterns of inducible MLS resistance and constitutive MLS resistance.

새로운 퀴놀론 항균제 DW-116의 살균 작용

최금화(Keum Hwa Choi),오태권(Tae Gwon Oh),권애란(Ae Ran Kwon),김병각(Byong Kak Kim),최응칠(Eung Chil Choi) 대한약학회 1999 약학회지 Vol.43 No.1

The bactericidal activities of DW-116, a new fluoroquinolone was estimated by comparing the minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of it against some Gram-positive and -negative bacterial concentration with the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs). The MBCs against the test organisms were equal to or two times higher than MICs. The results support that the antibacterial activity of DW-116 is bactericidal.