모 컴퓨터 회사 근로자 건강증진 사업 전개를 위한 수요조사

임현우,안병용,최환석,박정일,김경수,이강숙,김정아,구정완 가톨릭대학산업의학쎈타 산업의학연구소 1997 韓國의 産業醫學 Vol.36 No.4

Before conducting the health promotion program, we surveyed the health risk appraisal(HRA) of 210 workers (186 men and 24 women) in a computer company, for the need assessment, selection of target population, priority setting, and as a standard for comparision after performing the program. The smokers were 115(88.6%), and drinkers (over 1 bottle of Soju per week) were 91(44.8%) in men. Entire women and 148(78.0%) men never or irregularly exercise. Type A personality were 73(39.2%) in men, 8(33.3%) in women, and 26(14.0%) of men and 6(25.0%) of women were high stress risk group. 53(25.2%) of men and 2(8.3%) of women were obese (BMI ≥25kg/m²), and workers who consumed exess of total calory compared with recommendation were 142(76.3%) in men and 18(75%) of women. By the health risk appraisal, it was suggested that smoking cessation program, drinking counselling, exercise prescription, stress management, and weight control program should be conducted effectively for the high risk group.

양안 근점거리의 분포형

구정완,오민화,이승한 가톨릭대학산업의학센타 산업의학연구소 1991 韓國의 産業醫學 Vol.30 No.2

Near point distance for both eyes of 71 healthy subjects. who no special eye conditions, were measured in order to clarify their distribution form and to select a measure that is suited to continuous observation of visual fatigue of VDT workers. The results were as follows: 1. Near point distance for both eyes(appear. disappear) followed normal distribution only after natural log-transformation(Shapiro-Wilk test). 2. The variance and the coefficient of variation of near point distance(appear) were 0.04 and 4.13, respectively, while they were 0.08 and 6.30 in near point distance(disappear). The findings suggested that near point distance(appear) could be a preferable measure to near point distance(disappear)in the sequential monitoring of visual fatigue. 3. The mean near point distance(appear, disappear)for both eyes of study subjects were 138,82 mm in the age4 group of 20-29 years and were 156,97 mm in the age group of 30-39 years. respectively.

은행원의 VDT작업에 따른 안자각종상

구정완,이승환,이자영 가톨릭대학산업의학쎈타 산업의학연구소 1991 韓國의 産業醫學 Vol.30 No.5

In order to investigate the effects due to visual display terminal(VDT) work of banking operations, the questionnaire survey for subjective eye symptoms was carried out on 378 bank clerks who had been engaged in VDT work for various length of work hours. The results were as follows: 1. Of the 17 items of questionnaire, the highest percentage was accounted for by 'eye strain' (61.1%),follwed by 'feel pressure in eyes'(33.3%),'eyes feel ache' (26.7%),'eyes feel heavy'(21.4%) and 'blurred vision of objectl'(16.7%) in the order of sequence. 2. The average weighetd score of subjictive eye symptoms was 13.75, 14.39, 16.78 and 13.13 in the age groups of less than 25,25-29, 30-34, and 35-44 years, respectively, it was significantly increased from the age group of less than 25 years to 30-34 years. Also, it was significantly increased according to increasing with work duration. 3. The average weighted score of female was larger than that of male and the score of green color was larger than that of black-white color by the color of cathode ray tube display. 4. Aggravating time of subuective symptioms was during the end of month in period of a month, a monday in a day of week and on duty (P.M.) in a daily work.

중소규모 제조업체 근로자의 인구·사회학적 특성이 건강행동변화단계에 미치는 영향

구명회,임현우,박정일,이강숙,구정완 大韓産業醫學會 2002 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.14 No.1

목 적 : 근로자 건강증진을 위한 사업장 건강증진 사업 프로그램 기획실에 건강 위험요인을 평가하고 근로자 특성에 4따른 행동변화단계를 조사하여 행동 변화단계에 따른 성공적인 근로자 건강증진전력을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 본 연구를 진행하였다. 방 법 : 경인지역이 중소 기업 제조업체 근로자 282명을 대상으로 설문조사를 수행하였으며, 일반적 특성에 대한 조사, 건강위험평가, 위험요인에 대한 행동변화단계를 조사하였다. 결 과 : 건강위험평가에서 흡연자는 남자 근로자에 서 65.7 %, 규칙적인 운동을 하지 않는 남자 근로자는 70.5 %, 여자 근로자는 86.1 %이었고 음주는 남자 근로자의 78.6 %, 여자 근로자인 50 %이었고 과음은 남자 근로자의 29.5 %, 여자 근로자의 11.1 %이었다. 건강한 생활습관으로의 행동변화단계로 계획전단계, 계획 단계, 실천단계, 유지단계 등 4개의 단계로 보면 근로자에서의 금연에 대하여 각각 40.5 %, 23.7 %, 12.1 % 및 23.7 %, 운동에 대하여는 18.4 %, 37.6 %, 17.7 % 및 26.3 %, 음주하였던 사람중 절주에 대하여는 20.9 %, 15.4 %, 10.0 % 및 53.7 %이었다. 흡연을 하는 보건관리자의 행동단계가 일반근로자 보다 유의하게 많았다. 운동에 대해서는 근로자중 50세 이상과 생산직 근로자에서 계획전단계가 다른 근로자보다 유의하게 많았다. 결 론 : 이상의 결과로 대부분의 근로자가 금연을 제외하고는 건강한 생활습관으로의 행동변화를 원하는 것을 알 수 있었으며 근로자의 특성에 따라 행동 변화단계가 다르므로 이를 고려한 다양한 건강증진 프로그램을 개발함으로써 참여율 및 성공율을 높일 수 있으리라 사료된다. Objectives : This research attempts to investigate the relationship between health risk factors and workers' behavioral changes based on individual worker's characteristics to allow the development of more effective health promotion programs in businesses places. Methods : A questionnaire survey was conducted with 282 workers employed in small to medium sized enterprises in the Kyong-in area of Korea. The questionnaire was composed of general characteristics, a health risk assessment and an evaluation of the stage of behavior change for health promotion strategy in the workplace. Results : The health risk assessment revealed that 65.7 % of male workers smoke, 70.5% of male workers do not exercise on a regular basis, 86.1 % of female workers do not exercise at all, and 78.6 % of male workers and 50 % of female workers drink alcohol. In addition, the survey identified that 29.5% of male workers are addicted to excessive drinking, as are 11.1% of female workers. Based on the four stages of behavioral changes that lead to health, the pre-contemplation stage, contemplation stage, action stage, and maintenance stage, 40.5 %, 23.7 %, 12.1 % and 23.7 % of workers are in these stages, respectively, with regards to quitting smoking. As for regular exercises, 18.4 %, 37.6 %, 17.7 %, and 26.3 % of workers belong to each stage, respectively. As for moderation in drinking, 20.9 %, 15.4 %, 10.0 %, and 53.7 % are in each stage, respectively. The rate of health managers in the active stage of quitting smoking is significantly higher than that of general workers. Among the workers who do not exercise on a regular basis, workers over 50 years-old and blue color workers are more common in the precontemplation stage than any other worker groups. Conclusions : The results of this study suggest that the stages of behavioral change vary with worker characteristics. An awareness of the effects of the high risk factors is essectial for promoting workers' attendance in health promotion programs.

방사선 방어용 앞치마를 착용하는 방사선 관련 종사자들의 근골격계 증상호소와 관련요인

유정임,구정완 大韓産業醫學會 2004 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.16 No.2

목적 : 본 연구는 방사선 방어용 앞치마를 착용하고 근무하는 방사선 관련 종사자들의 근골격계 증상 호소율을 알아보고, 근골격계 자각 증상에 영향을 미치는 요인을 알아보고자 수행되었다. 방법 : 심혈관조영실과 방사선과 혈관조영실에 근무하는 방사선 관련 종사자 192명을 대상으로 근골격계 자각 증상에 관한 NIOSH의 표준화된 설문지를 이용하여 자료를 수집하여 분석하였다. 결과 : 각 부위별 증상 호소율은 등/허리가 51.0%로 가장 높았으며, 어깨가 49.0%, 다리/무릎/발목이 47.9%의 순이었다. 부위별 근골격계 증상 호소율에 가장 영향을 미치는 요인을 보기 위해 다중 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시한 결과는 어깨부위 근골격계 증상호소에는 방사선 방어용 앞치마의 착용시간이 길수록, 투피스형의 착용형태가 높은 증상 호소율을 보였다. 등/허리 부위에서는 방사선 방어용 앞치마 착용시간이 길어질수록, 여성보다 남성이, 하루 평균 근무시간이 길수록, 근무 시간 중 휴식시간이 짧을수록 높은 증상 호소율을 보였다. 다리/무릎/발목 부위에서는 현 근무 부서의 경력이 많을수록, 방사선 방어용 앞치마 착용시간이 길어질수록, 근무 중 휴식시간이 짧을수록 높은 증상 호소율을 보였다. 결론 : 대상자의 부위별 근골격계 증상호소에 영향을 미치는 요인은 방사선 방어용 앞치마의 착용시간과 착용형태로 조사되었다. 그러므로 방사선 방어용 앞치마를 착용하는 대상자는 방사선 방어용 앞치마를 착용함으로 발생 가능한 근골격계 질환을 예방하기 위해 착용시간의 조절, 근무 중 적정한 휴식시간의 배분과 연장 등이 필요하리라 여겨진다. Objectives: To determine the complaint rates of musculoskeletal symptoms and understand the related factors of musculoskeletal symptoms in nurses and radiological technologists wearing a lead apron for radiation protection. Method : The study subjects were 192 nurses and radiological technologists who work at the cardiac catheterization room or angioroom in the department of radiology. A self-recording questionnaire was used to investigate the general characteristics, occupational characteristics, characteristics related to wearing a lead apron, and subjective mnsculoskeletal symptoms designed by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Results: Complaint rates of musculoskeletal symptoms by NOISH were 51.0% in the upper/lower back, 49.0% in the shoulder, and 47.9% in the leg/knee/ankle. From multiple logistic regression analysis, musculoskeletal symptoms of the shoulder were influenced by two-piece type apron and long time wearing an apron, symptoms of upper/lower back by long time wearing an apron, sex, higher average working hours per a day and short resting time, symptoms of leg/knee/ankle by long time wearing an apron, working career at the present department (cardiac catheterization room or angioroom) and short resting time. Conclusion: The complaint rates of the musculoskeletal symptoms were affected by the characteristics of wearing a lead apron for radiation protection such as wearing time and apron type. Therefore, it is suggested that the workers who are wearing an apron need the proper wearing time and resting time, and suitable apron type and size for the body.

청력장애가 불안 및 우울에 미치는 영향

송상욱,구정완,이원철 大韓産業醫學會 1996 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.8 No.3

Hearing loss is a very common health problem throughout the world, although the number of hearing impaired individuals varies greatly in the countries. It is generally accepted that hearing impairment inevitably leads to a breakdown in communication and physical and mental health problems consequently. Nevertheless, few community based studies have been undertaken to examine both the mental and more general physical state of the hearing impaired patients. This study was conducted to evaluate the anxiety and depression in hearing impaired patients. Self-administered questionnaires including sociodemographic data were given to 336 subjects over the age of 18 years who visited the Health Management Center, Uijongbu St. Mary's Hospital for the routine health check up from January 1996 to April 1996 and three hundred seventeen samples (male: 197, female: 120) were selected. For the assessment of anxiety and depression we used Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS) and Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS) devised by Zung. And hearing impairment was evaluated using a Beltone Model 110 Audiometer. The results were statistically analyzed by ANOVA test and x²test. The results obtained were as follow: 1. The mean anxiety scores counted by SAS of 0-15dB HL(hearing loss) group(classified by the average loss in the better ear at 500, 1,000, 2,000Hz frequencies), 16-29dB HL group, 30-44dB HL group, more than 45dB HL group were 33.1±6.6, 32.2±5.9, 41.6±8.4, 42.8±6.0, respectively. And the mean depression scores counted by SDS of 0-15dB HL group, 16-29dB HL group, 30-44dB HL group, more than 45dB HL group were 37.4±7.7, 37.2±7.2, 46.2±8.4, 48.6±8.6, respectively. The more than 30dB HL group showed significant high scores in SAS and SDS than the less than 30dB HL group(p<0.001). 2. The frenquency of clinically significant anxiety disorder(SAS≥50) was 3.4% in less than 30dB HL group and 11.1% in more than 30dB HL group. The difference between two groups was statistically significant(p<0.05). 3. The frequency of clinically significant depression disorder(SDS≥50) was 5.1% in less than 30dB HL group and 39.5% in more than 30dB HL group. The difference between two groups was statistically significant(p<0.05). 4. When several important interaction variables related to anxiety and depression (such as age, sex, marital status, education level, economic status, occupation, religion) were stratified and we compared the groups between the more than 30dB HL and less than 30dB HL, most factors about anxiety and depression showed the significant differences in two groups. 5. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that hearing loss(p<0.05) predicted anxiety disorder(SAS≥50) and hearing loss(P<0.01), age(p<0.05) predicted depression disorder(SDS≥50). In conclusion, there was significant difference in anxiety and depression scores between more than 30dB HL (in the better hearing ear) group and less than 30dB HL group. This study suggested that anxiety and depression should be considered as adverse effects of hearing impairment.

스트레스관리 프로그램이 만성정신분열병환자의 증상과 삶의 질에 미치는 효과

박현경,구정완,노영만,이강숙,박정일 가톨릭대학산업의학센타 산업의학연구소 2003 韓國의 産業醫學 Vol.42 No.1

This study examined the effects of stress-management programs on the symptoms and quality of life in the chronic schizophrenics. The subjects were the chronic schizophrenics who were registered and managed by one of the public health care centers in Seoul. The stress-management programs were provided 10 times. Positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) and quality of life were surveyed before and after the stress-management programs. The results were as follows. 1. The differences of positive symptoms, negative symptoms and general psychopathological symptoms before and after stress-management program were significantly different between the group which were provided with stress-management programs and the group which were not provided. 2. The differences of the quality of life before and after stress-management program were significantly different between the group which were provided with stress-management programs and the group which were not provided. These results indicate that stress-management programs have effects on relieving the symptoms and improving the quality of life of schizophrenics. Ultimately these results also suggest that stress-management programs be used as the supplementary means to treat schizophrenics.

웅접흄이 환기기능에 미치는 영향

문태인,구정완,정치경 大韓産業醫學會 1996 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.8 No.3

In order to study the effects of welding fume on ventilatory function, forced expiratory spirogram was performed on 563 male workers exposed to welding fume in motor vehicles industry and 589 male control workers. Ventilatory indices such as forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁), the ratio of one-second forced expiratory volume to forced vital capacity(FEV₁%=FEV₁/FVC) and maximal mid-expiratory flow(MMF) were obtained by analyzing forced expiratory spirogram which were measured by Vitalograph in standing position. The result were as follows: 1. Mean values of FVC, FEV₁, FEV₁%, and MMF expressed as percent of the predicted were significantly lower in exposure group than in control group. 2. No significant differences for mean ventilatory indices were demonstrated between smokers and nonsmokers both in exposure group and control group. However, mean MMF of welders tended to reduce in smokers(77.4%) than in nonsmokers(82.4%). 3. In exposure group mean FEV₁was significantly lower in more than 20 years than those of control group. However, mean MMF, FEV₁% were significantly reduced with increasing exposure duration compared to control group, indicating 90.8% and 62.2% of the predicted in more than 20 years group. 4. In exposure group workers with obstructive ventilatory impairment(7.5%) was markedly higher than that with restrictive ventilatory impairment(2.0%). 5. In exposure group the proportion of workers with low ventilatory indices was the highest in MMF(26.8%), and followed by FEV₁(11.9%), FEV₁(7.6%) and FVC(2.1%) in descending order. Workers with low MMF and FEV₁% were significantly increased with increasing exposure duration compared to control group, indicating 64.3% and 32.1% in above 20 years group. With the above consideration in mind it suggested that the exposure to welding fume be associated with reduced pulmonary function and obstructive ventilatory impairment, increasing exposure duration be associated with reduced pulmonary function, and MMF be the most sensitive index in the evaluation of ventilatory impairments of workers exposed to welding fume.

서울시 대기오염과 호흡기 질환 환자와의 관련성에 대한 시계열적 연구

최병철,구정완,박성균,임현우,이강숙,이원철,박정일 大韓産業醫學會 2000 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.12 No.1

목적 : 서울시의 대기오염 수준이 호흡기 질환 외래 환자수에 미치는 단기 영향을 파악하고자 하였다. 방법 : 1997년 7월부터 1998년 6월까지 서울시의 대기오염자료와 호흡기 질환에 대한 의료보험자료를 분석하였다. 추세변동과 기상요인, 요일 및 주별 효과등의 교란요인을 제어하고 관련성을 평가하기 위하여 generalized additive model(GAM)을 이용하였다. 결과 : 교란요인을 제어한 기본모델에 각 대기오염 물질을 포함시켜 분석한 결과, CO는 모든 연령층에서 일정하게 당일 농도가 가장 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고(RR=1.041∼1.051), NO₂역시 3일전의 농도가 모든 연령층에서 가장 유의한 영향을 미쳤다(RR=1.024∼1.050). O₃와 SO₂는 4일전 농도부터 당일 농도까지 지연시간이 길게 나타나는 특징을 보였으며, 15세 이하에서는 3일전 농도가(O₃RR=1.047, 95 % Cl=1.045∼1.049, SO₂RR=1.018, 95 % Cl=1.017∼1.020), 15-64fll (O₃RR=1.035, 95 % Cl=1.032∼1.037, SO₂RR=1.037, 95 % Cl=1.035∼1.039)와 65세 이상 (O₃RR=1.042, 95 % Cl=1.033∼1.051, SO₂RR=1,029, 95 % Cl=1.022∼1.036)에서는 당일 농도가 가장 유의한 결과를 나타냈다. PM□은 유의성이 낮게 나타났는데 15세 이하는 하루 전 농도(RR=1.011, 95 % 71=1.010∼1.013), 15∼64771(RR=1.021, 95 % Cl=1.019∼1.023)와 65세 이상(RR=1.025, 95 % Cl=1.018∼1.032)은 당일 농도가 유의하게 나타났다. 두 포염물질씩을 기본모델에 포함시켜 분석한 결과 CO, NO₂, O₃는 상대위험비가 '단일 오염물질모델'의 값과 거의 일정하게 통계적 유의성을 유지하였으나 SO₂는 15세 이하에서 NO₂와 같이 포함된 모델에서 통계적 유의성을 상실하였다. PM□은 모든 연령층에서 CO와 같이 포함된 모델에서 통계적 유의성을 상실하여 '단일 오염물질모델'에서 나타난 유의성이 CO에 의한 교란작용의 결과임을 알 수 있었다. 또한 15세 이하에서 NO₂, 15∼64세와 65세 이상에서 502와 같이 포함된 모델에서 역시 유의성을 상실하여 본 연구에서 살펴본 호흡기 질환에 미치는 PM□의 영향은 크지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 결론 : 본 연구의 결과는 서울시의 일상적인 대기오염이 여러 호흡기질환의 발생을 증가시킬 수 있음을 보여주었다. 따라서 대기오염의 효율적 규제에 대해 보다 적극적인 대책이 마련되어야 할 것이다. Objectives : This study was conducted to investigate whether air pollution levels in Seoul have short term effects on respiratory disease outpatients. Methods : We analyzed five air pollutants (CO, NO₂, O₃, SO₂, PM□) and daily counts of outpatient for respiratory disease divided by age group ((15yrs, 15-64yrs, 654yrs)during the period of July 1997-June 1998 using Generalized Additive Model (GAM) . Results : After controlling for seasonal trends, day of the week, week of the month, temperature and humidity, CO (RR=1.041 ∼1.051, 0-day lag) and NO₂(RR=1.024∼1.050, 3-day lag) were significantly associated with daily counts for respiratory disease in all age groups. O₃and SO₂were associated, with a 3-day lag in the age group under 15 years (O₃RR=1.047, 95% Cl=1.045-1.049; SO₂RR=1.018, 95% Cl=1.017-1.020) and with a 0-day lag in the age group 15 to 64 years (03 RR=1.035, 95% Cl=1.032-1.037; 502 RR=1.037, 95% Cl=1.035-1.039), in the age group over 65 years (O₃RR=1.042, 95% Cl=1.033-1.051; SO₂RR=1.029, 95% Cl=1.022-1.036). PMlo was weakly associated, with a 1∼day lag In the age group under 15 years (RR=1.011, 95% Cl=1.010-1.013) and with a 0-day lag in the age group 15 to 64 years (RR=1.021, 95% Cl=1.019-1.023), in the age group over 65 years(RR=1.025, 95% Cl=1.018-1.032) . In the' two pollutant model', the magnitudes of the recta alive risk for CO, NO₂nd O₃were maintained, but SO₂was not assoclated with daily counts for respiratory disease in the age group under 15 years after controlling for NO₂-PM□ was not associated in all age groups after controlling for CO, so the association with PM□ in the' single pollutant model' might be confounded by CO. In this study, the impact of PM□ on the respiratory disease was not large as compared with other pollutants. Conclusions : Air pollution in Seoul may Increase the Incidence of the respiratory disease, so more positive attention for the control of air pollution should be paid.

일부 종합병원 간호사에서 근골격계 자각증상과 관련 요인

김영옥,구정완 가톨릭대학산업의학센타 산업의학연구소 2002 韓國의 産業醫學 Vol.41 No.3

This study examined the influences that are made on the nurses' subjective symptoms of musculoskeletal system. The subjects were 626 nurses who worked for over 1 year at 5 general hospitals located in Seoul and KyeongKi Province. A standardized questionnaire asking nurses' subjective symptoms of musculoskeletal system was used. The collected data were statistically analyzed. The results were as follows: 1. As to nurses' complaint rate of subjective musculoskeletal symptoms by body region, the figure was the highest for upper/lower back with 87.2%, followed by shoulder 86.6%, leg/knee/ankle/foot 84.1%, neck 76.2%, and arm/wrist/hand 61.1% respectively. 2. Among the nurses who have under 2 years of experience at present, the complaint rate for upper/lower back was 92.0%. Among the nurses who have over 10 years of career at present, the complaint rate for shoulder was 100.0%, upper/lower back 94.1%, and leg/knee/ankle/foot 94.1%. For the nurses who have 5∼10 years of career at present, the complaint rate for shoulder was 89.7%, leg/knee/ankle/foot 85.6%, and neck 80.2%. 3. With regard to nurses' complaint rate according to their posts, the upper/lower back complaint rate of those who work at the hospice ward was 100.0%, at the emergency room 93.3%, and at the intensive care unit 91.5%. The shoulder complaint rate of those who work at the delivery room was 93.3%, the intensive care unit 91.5%, and the hospice unit 85.7%. The leg/knee/ankle/foot complaint rate of nurses who work at the hospice ward was 100.0% and at the delivery room and the nursery room 88.2%. The arm/wrist/hand complaint rate of nurses who work at the delivery room was 68.8% and at the intensive care unit 65.1%. The neck complaint rate of those who work at the emergency room was 87.8%, at the hospice ward 85.7%, and at the delivery room 82.4%. 4. With regard to nurses' musculoskeletal symptoms, the correlation with the variables including marital status, existence and nonexistence of housework assistants, family dependents, and average housework-time was not significant. A significant difference was found in cases where they are older or younger than norm, they work in special divisions, their breaktime is too short, or the work system is a 3-shift one(p<0.01) . 5. The cure rate for musculoskeletal symptom was 13.0%; the rate of absence from work was 2.4%. As for countermeasures for improvement of symptoms, the rate of relaxation was 82.6%, that of work-place or work post 1.4%, and the other cases occupied 2.0%. The rate of working difficulties was 12.2%; the rate of past complaints 23.2%. In conclusion, musculoskeletal complaints of the subjects were in order of back, shoulder, leg, wrist, and neck. The symptoms were affected by age, working career at the present department, the entire working career, working department, resting time, and the 3-shift system.