Potential involvement of neutrophils on exercise effects in breast cancer malignancy

고강은,우송원,채영찬,이민철,문효열 한국운동영양학회 2023 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.27 No.4

[Purpose] This review aimed to comprehensively explore and elucidate multifaceted neutrophils in breast cancer, particularly in the context of physical activity. Neutrophils play a critical role in the tumor microenvironment and systemic immune response, despite their short half-life and terminal differentiation. Through a thorough review of research related to changes in immunity in breast cancer during exercise, this review aims to provide comprehensive insights into immunological changes, especially focusing on neutrophils. Recognizing that much of the existing research has predominantly focused on T cells and nature killer (NK) cells, our review seeks to shift the spotlight toward understanding how exercise affects neutrophils, a less-explored but critical immune response component in breast cancer. [Methods] This study involved an extensive review of the literature (from 2000 to 2023) using the PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases. The keywords chosen for the searches were “immune cells and exercise,” “exercise and breast cancer,” “tumor microenvironment and neutrophils,” and “neutrophils and exercise and breast cancers.” [Results] Neutrophils in the tumor microenvironment can exhibit distinct phenotypes and functions. These differences have yielded conflicting results regarding tumor progression. Exercise plays a positive role in breast cancer and alters the immune system. Physical activity can quantitatively and functionally regulate neutrophils under various conditions such as metabolic disruption or senescence. [Conclusion] This short communication outlines exercise-induced neutrophil diversification and its role in breast cancer progression, both within and systemically within the tumor microenvironment. Exercise may provide benefits through the potential neutrophil involvement in breast cancer.

The Shape of Water와 냉전의 퀴어한 타자들

고강일 ( Ko Kangyl ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2024 영어권문화연구 Vol.17 No.1

This essay explores the 90th Academy Award for Best Picture winner The Shape of Water (2017), which portrays the unique romance between mute cleaner Elisa Esposito and a mysterious amphibian creature kidnapped from South America in the 1962 Baltimore. This essay first examines contemporary American society in which the nuclear family was perceived as the basic social unit through which American nation could survive in the Cold War's nuclear race. I also consider how the nuclear family was understood to be the inevitable social unit of consumption for durable consumer goods that drove economic growth in the United States. The second half of my paper addresses how The Shape of Water represents the way in which the Cold War liberalism served to establish the hegemony of contemporary middle class and marginalize social minorities in the 1960s American society. Employing the notion of queer as a challenge to heteronormative institutions and practices, I consider the way in which the film's minority characters represent queer alliance against racist heteronormative discourse that Colonel Strickland embodies. This paper also examines how the film challenges the dominant cultural politics in which ability and heterosexuality as social norms are bound intrinsically. In doing so, this paper concludes that The Shape of Water is a story of the Cold War's queer others.

듀보이스와 흑인 남성성의 문제

고강일 영남대학교 인문과학연구소 2022 人文硏究 Vol.- No.100

이 논문은 W. E. B. 듀보이스의 흑인의 영혼 이 인종주의를비판하는데 있어, 미국 흑인 남성의 인종간의 이성애적 욕망을 어떻게 고찰하는지를 살펴본다. 자신의 저서에서 듀보이스는 백인여성에 대한 흑인 남성의 성적 욕망이 인종화되는 현상에 의해 흑인남성이 “검둥이”와 “미국인”이라는 분열적 주체 사이에서 존재론적 위기를 경험한다고 지적한다. 흑인의 영혼 은 젠더화된 인종담론이 백인 여성 주체와 관련된 흑인 남성 주체를 병리학적으로성애화하는 양상을 검토한다. 듀보이스의 책이 그 같은 흑인 남성성의 위기를 어떻게 조명하고 있는지를 숙고하면서, 이 글은 그가인종간의 이성애적 욕망의 ‘정상화’를 인종적 정의의 토대로 제시하고 있다고 시사한다. 결론부에서는 인종주의에 대한 듀보이스의남성우월주의적 비평이 인종주의와 성차별주의의 공모관계를 간과한다고 주장한다.

김훈의 『칼의 노래』와 정신분석학의 윤리

고강일(Ko Kang-yl) 한국비평문학회 2008 批評文學 Vol.- No.29

Jacques Lacan read Antigone's burial of her brother against the law as an act based on her 'pure desire.' From Lacan's perspective, Antigone's act is 'ethical' in the sense that it separates the subject from the Symbolic Order. This paper begins with the premise that the readers can identify the same ethical acts in the representation of Yi Sun-shin in Kim Hoon's Song of Sword. In the novel, Yi performs ethical acts which cannot be subsumed into the Symbolic. The paper examines how Yi resists the signifying chain of the Symbolic. In analyzing his subversive acts, my arguments follow the ethics of psychoanalysis that Lacan and Zizek address. It is with the theoretical frames that the paper examines performative mechanism of the power and the symbolic death of the subject. This paper concludes that Song of Sword presents a subject of the Real separated from the Symbolic.

‘노르웨이’와 ‘스웨덴’의 성평등정책을 배우다

고강인 부산여성가족개발원 2020 여성우리 Vol.- No.64

Albers-Schonberg disease의 一例報告

李祥來,朴尙進,高鋼 大韓顎顔面 放射線學會 1977 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.7 No.1

The authors had observed a rare of osteopertrosis from 8 years old male who had complained nasal obstruction at, Department of Dental Radiology, Kyung Hee University. In the serial roentgenograms the following results were revealed. 1. This osteopetrosis was considered to be malignant rather than benign. 2. In the skull, the greatest degree of radiopacity was found in the base. The pituitary fossa appeared to be small and posterior clinoid process revealed clubbing and thickening. 3. In the frontal and nasal bones were slightly enlarged with marked radiopacity and paranasal sinuses were obscured. 4. The maxilla was markedly affected and bony trabeculae were seen to be coarse and thickened but mandibular posterior segment slightly. 5. There were long retardation of the tooth eruption and physiologic resorption of the deciduous teeth, and tooth root revealed stunted and dwarfed appearance in the both jaws. 6. In this case, the thickened alveolar lamina dura was indistinguishable.

원더우먼의 계보, 젠더 정치학, 그리고 영화 〈원더우먼〉

고강일 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2022 영어권문화연구 Vol.15 No.2

Surveying a genealogy of Wonder Woman since her first appearance in 1941, this essay explores its gender politics and discusses how Patty Jenkins's Wonder Woman (2017) examines different ideas and discourses about the female superhero's stories. Created as feminist character by psychologist and lawyer William Moulton Marston, she has served as discursive space for arguments over women's rights and the boundaries of gender. The first half of this essay charts the way in which Wonder Woman's portrayals vary within the contexts of changing feminist movements, cultural shifts in gender norms, and political ideology. I consider how the character of Wonder Woman has challenged gender boundaries by performing a determined and formidable warrior. This paper also addresses how it has conformed to traditional articulations of gender as an attractive, heterosexual, and white woman at the same time. In the second half of this paper, I analyze Jenkins's Wonder Woman, the first live-action solo movie about the Amazonian princess, and discuss the way in which the film mirrors and reflects on the history of Wonder Woman since its first introduction. This paper reads the film as a cultural commentary on Trumpism, and examines its gender politics. In doing so, this paper concludes that the cinematic text enacts a conservative cultural politics in which “compulsory heterosexuality” is aligned with “compulsory able-bodiedness” resulting in heteronormative disablism.

<역병에서 살아남는 법>과 퀴어 정치학

고강일 인천대학교 인문학연구소 2022 인문학연구 Vol.37 No.-

이 에세이는 데이빗 프랑스 감독의 오스카 노미네이트 기록 영화인 <역병에서 살아남는 법>(2012)을 분석하면서 작품의 퀴어 정치학을 고찰한다. 에세이 전반부에서는 1980-90 년대 미국의 에이즈 대유행당시, LGBT 공동체내부의 주요 담론들이었던 정체성의 정치학과 동성애규범성을 숙고하면서, 이 서사들이 동성애혐오와 인종화되고 젠더화된 경제적불평등에 의해 악화된 에이즈 위기에 대처하는데 실패한 이유를 규명한다. 또한 퀴어 정치학이 대안 담론으로 부상하고 액트 업이 퀴어 정치학의 실천으로서 조직되는 양상을 고찰한다. 에세이 후반부에서는 <역병에서 살아남는 법>을 분석하면서 작품이 뉴욕에서의액트 업의 급진적인 정치적 행위를 어떻게 담아내고 있는지를 살펴본다. 또한 이 글은 이단체가 당대 주류 언론과 정치인들이 주도했던 규범적인 성 정치학과 결별하는 양상도 살펴본다. 본고는 액트 업이 20세기 후반 미국에 팽배했던 섹슈얼리티와 관련된 규범적인문화와 법률적 관습들에 도전했다는 점에서 퀴어 정치학을 체현하고 있다고 결론짓는다.

모범적인 소수민, 아시아계 미국 남성성, 그리고 『미국 출생 중국인』

고강일 ( Ko Kangyl ) 영미문학연구회 2021 안과 밖 Vol.- No.50

This essay interrogates the model minority discourse and explores its counter-discourse in Gene Luen Yang’s American Born Chinese (2006). Paying special attention to the historical context of racialization of Asian American men in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries, this essay sets out to investigates how such literary characters as Fu Manchu and Charlie Chan have developed American cultural biases against Asian American men. Pointing out that toxic racist narratives are intertwined with the model minority myth, this essay goes on to examine how Yang’s graphic novel challenges the model minority discourse of Asian American masculinity. American Born Chinese braids three different protagonists, each corresponding to a distinct narrative medium: the Monkey King (Chinse folklore), Jin (ethnic buildungsroman), and Danny/Chin-Kee (TV sitcom). My essay probes how all of the three stories examine the model minority myth and its attendant racialization of Asian American men. In doing so, I conclude that American Born Chinese asserts the conversion of the model minority into the “Asian American” as a new alternative discourse for Asian American men.

미국의 제국주의와 감상주의

고강일 ( Ko Kangyl ) 경희대학교 비교문화연구소 2019 비교문화연구 Vol.54 No.-

이 글에서는 미국의 제국주의적 기획과 그에 대한 대항 담론이 19세기 미국의 감상주의 문학을 전유하는 양상을 추적한다. 해리엇 비처 스토우의 『톰 아저씨의 오두막』과 필리핀의 식민지 상황에서 이 소설이 수용되는 과정을 살펴보면서, 스토우의 작품이 표상하는 가정성의 인종주의적인 함의를 규명한다. 그리고 카를로스 불로산의 『미국은 내 마음에』의 분석을 통해 20세기 초반 필리핀과 미국에서 제국주의적 가정성 담론이 관철되는 동시에 저항 받는 양상을 살펴본다. 특히 이 자전적 소설에서 필리핀 식민 주체가 “자애로운 동화” 담론과 협상하는 장면들을 집중적으로 분석하면서, 불로산의 텍스트가 제국주의적 가정성에 내포된 인종적이고 계급적 편견을 극복하는 양상을 조명한다. This essay explores the way in which American imperial policy and its counter discourse appropriate the nineteenth century American sentimental literature. I consider Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin and its reception in the colonial context of the Philippines. In doing so, my essay critiques imperialistic impulses embedded in the politics of racialized domesticity advanced by Stowe's text. This essay then queries Carols Bulosan's semi-autobiographical novel, America Is in the Heart, in order to trace the trajectory of the discourse of American imperial domesticity in the early twentieth-century Philippines and the United States. Looking closely at Bulosan's portrayal of the Filipino colonial subject's negotiation with the discourse of “benevolent assimilation,” I read his novel as a cultural space in which the imperative of the racialized domesticity is endorsed or questioned. This essay concludes that America Is in the Heart offers a serious critique of racist and classed assumption of the imperial domesticity.