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적자병원의 재무구조 및 운영적 특성과 경영의사결정 행태
황인경,Hwang, In-Kyoung 한국병원경영학회 1999 병원경영학회지 Vol.4 No.2
Financial ratio indicators of the 46 sample hospitals provided by the Korea Health Industry Development Institute, together with the survey data responded by the 57 sample hospitals, were analysed to identify the characteristics of the red-figured hospitals' financial structure, financial operational efficiency and management decision-making behavior, The financial characteristics identified through the analysis include high dependency to liabilities, high salary expenses and overhead costs, low profitability of the unduly large amount of fixed assets, and low managerial efficieny of inventory. The hospitals, in face of the IMF economic impasse, took the necessary decision-making and counter measures to cut down salary expenses, to increase the number of patient and medical revenue, and to reduce investment to fixed assets. Based on these findings this study suggested that the hospitals should take more active cost containment measures, financial structural reorganization, and developoment of the strategies that can contribute to increase of the number of patient and medical revenue and that do not. require much capital funds.
Hydrocolloid 의 첨가가 밀가루 반죽의 특성에 미치는 영향
황인경,임경숙 한국조리과학회 1999 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.15 No.3
여러가지 종류의 hydrcolloid를 0.005%, 0.01%, 0.02% 수준으로 첨가하여 면제조를 위한 밀가루 반죽의 성질을 살펴본 결과, 색도에 있어서는 hydrocolloid 첨가에 따라 모두 L의 값은 감소하면서 b의 값은 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 첨가수준이 높아질수록 효과는 크게 나타났으며, alginate, guar, locustbean등이 원래의 반죽과 비슷하거나 약간의 개선효과를 보였다. 호화도 양상에 있어서는 호화개시온도에서는 영향이 없었으나, 최고점도 carrageenan, xanthan이 증가하였고, guar는 별다른 영향을 보이지 않았다. 점도붕괴도는 carrageenan, guar, xanthan에서 증가하였고, 노화도는 carrgeenan, guar, locustbean, xanthan에서 모두 증가하였다. 텍스쳐측정 결과 hydrocolloid첨가에 따라 견고성은 증가하였고 탄성은 guar, locustbean만이 감소하지 않았다. 이차인자인 검성은 carrageenan, CMC, guar, locustbean의 0.002%에서, 씹힘성은 CMC, guar의 0.002%에서 증가하였다. 절단력은 농도수준이 높아질수록 증가하였고, 그 효과는 guar에서 현저하였다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때, 면류의 품질에 있어 색도및 견고성, 응집성 및 탄력성이 중요하고 우리나라 사람들의 국수에 대한 선호도는 탄력성이 크고 쫄깃쫄깃한 성질과 탄력성이 크면서도 부드러운 성질의 면에 대해 크다는 것을 고려해 보면 견고성, 검성, 씹힘성의 증가가 큰 guar와 locustbean이 가장 국수의 성질에 바람직한 영향을 줄 것으로 사료되며, 이에 따라 반죽의 성질뿐 아니라 실제 국수를 만들었을 때 텍스쳐 변화와 관능평가등에 대한 더 많은 연구결과가 필요한 것으로 생각된다. The effect of several hydrocolloids on the rheological behavior of wheat flour was investigated. The influence of the selected hydrocolloids (alginate, carrageenan, CMC, guar, locustbean and xanthan) on wheat flour was tested by using two different techniques; amylograph and texture analyzer. In order to have a general overview of their effects hydrocolloids were chosen from different sources implying a broad diversity of chemical structures. The hydrocolloid addition decreased the brightness(L) but increased yellowness(b). The interaction between hydrocolloid and flour produces a slight modification of the amylogram parameters, being the most clearly affected parameter breakdown, which is increased by carrageenan, guar and xanthan. Hardness and cutting force were augmented by hydrocolloid addition, while springeness was decreased except guar and locustbean. In summary, when looking for the improvement of the noodle texture, guar, locustbean are the best candidate additives due to their effects on pasting and texture properties. These hydrocolloids increase the hardness, cutting force, gumness, chewness, so were thought to increase the eating quality. So, each tested hydrocolloid affected in a different way the rheological properties of wheat flour, the results obtained are important for the appropriate use of these hydrocolloid as ingredients in the noodle making process.