The Region of Distribution of Barbiturates in Synaptosomal Plasma Membrane Vesicles Isolated from Rat Brain as Studied by Fluorescence Quenching

윤일,이병우,Yun, Il,Lee, Byung-Woo The Korean Society of Pharmacology 1995 대한약리학잡지 Vol.31 No.3

Barbiturates의 분자적 약리학적 작용기전 연구에 기초자료를 제공키 위하여 본연구를 수행하였다. 분자적 약리작용 기전 연구에서는 무엇보다도 선행되어야 하는 것이 barbiturates가 신경세포막에서 어느 부위에 주로 분포되는가를 알아내는 데에 있다. 쥐(Rat)의 뇌로부터 분리한 synaptosomal plasma membrane vesicles (RSPMV)를 분리한 후 이 RSPMV 외측 단층(outer monolayer)의 소수성 부위와 친수성 부위에 barbiturates가 분포되는 경향을 형광 probe 법으로 검색하였다. 세포막 외측 단층의 친수성 부위에 분포되는 형광 probe N-octadecylnaphthyl-2-amino-6-sulfonic acid (ONS)와 소수성 부위에 분포되는 형광 probe12-(9-anthroyloxy)stearic acid (AS)를 각각 봉입한 후 형광소광법으로 barbiturates의 분포를 측정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 대부분의 barbiturates가 RSPMV 외측 단층의 친수성 부위(표면)에 분포되고 소수성 부위 (hydrophobic region)에 극히 소량만이 분포된다는 것을 확인하였다. 2) 마취효과를 크게 일으키는 barbiturates일수록 소수성 부위에 분포되는 양이 증가하였다. barbiturates 종류에 따른 RSPMV 외측 단층 소수성 부위에의 분포 크기는 thiopental sodium > pentobarbital > hexobarbital > amobarbital > phenobarbital의 순위였다. The relative distribution ratio of barbiturates between hyarocarbon interior and surface region of outer monolayer of synaptosomal plasma membrane vesicles (RSPMV) isolated from rat whole brain was determined by employing the fluorescent probe technique. The two fluorescent probes N- octadecylnaphthyl-2-amine-6-sulfonic acid (ONS) and 12-(9-anthroyloxy) stearic acid (AS) were utilized as probes for hydrocarbon interior and surface of outer monolayer of RSPMV. respectively. The Stern-Volmer equation for fluorescent quenching was modified to calculate the relative distribution ratio. The analysis of preferential quenching of these probes by barbiturates indicates that pentobarbital, hexobarbital, amobarbital and phenobarbital are predominantly distributed on the surface region. whereas thiopental sodium has an accessibility to the hydrocarbon interior of the outer monolayer of the RSPMV. From these results, it is strongly suggested that the more effective penetration into the hydrocarbon interior of the outer monolayer of the membrane lipid bilayer could result in higher general anesthetic activity.

『탐라순력도』를 통해 본 제주 3성의 건축특성

윤일이(Youn Lily) 대한건축학회 2008 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.24 No.12

Jeju island is located in East China Sea and had kept old customs of Tamna because of its geographical conditions. Early Chosun Dynasty built three walled-towns in Jeju island as a point of strategic importance and a breeding center, and had focused on centralism and Confucianism. The characteristics of the three walled-towns of Jeju in early 18th century are followed. 1. The town planning of Jeju was similar to the peninsula's, the three walled-towns were built on a plain, and their plans were round and square. The streets were running in T and 十 shapes. However, the streets were planned obliquely to the walled-towns to solve strong wind problem of Jeju. 2. Although the governmental buildings of Jeju were affected by mainland's, they showed their own characteristics. They had only one main building and were designed to minimize the influence of wind. The walls and fences were made with stones. The governmental buildings of Jeju affected the private houses with Ondol and roofing tiles of mainland, but made most use of Jeju's own material. 3. Magistrate Yi Hyeong Sang checked the three walled-towns, nine forts and ranches for centralism. Also, He built Confucian facilities, trained Confucianist and civilized inhabitants of Jeju for Confucianism.

고대 건축의 지붕부에 사용된 금속장식에 관한 연구

윤일이 대한건축학회 2020 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.36 No.2

In the ancient Buddhist temple area, various metal artifacts are still excavated. Therefore, the aim of this study is to approach thecharacteristics of ancient architecture through ancient metal artifacts. First, metal decoration of ancient architecture appears for the purpose ofstructure, decoration, arson. Then, as the method of wood structure is developed, the application is separated into structural, functional anddecorative purposes. In ancient times, metal decoration has reduced the role of structure, but its decorative role has expanded. Second,various metallic ornaments were used on the roof of ancient architecture. As the wooden technology developed, the metal decoration wasgradually omitted while applying the curve to the roof. Third, the metal ornaments used on the roof of ancient architectures include the ridgecentral decoration, roof top decoration, a nine-ring decoration, gable board Ornamental Metal, corner flower decoration, eaves nail, wind bell. And subsequent research requires a terminology that can link the results of archeology and Buddhist art through excavation as a result ofarchitecture. 본 연구는 한국 고대 불교사원지에서 출토된 금속유물 중에서 건축용 부재로 사용된 금속장식품을 살펴보고, 이를 통해 고대건축 지붕부의 특성을 살펴보았다. 1. 한국 고대 사지에서 다양한 금속유물이 출토되었는데, 이들 유물의 용도는 크게 구조용·기능용·장식용으로 구분된다. 특히 장식용 유물을 통해 고대 건축에는 근세 건축보다 많은 금속장식의 사용을 확인할 수 있다. 2. 목조건축에서 지붕부는 큰 면적을 차지하며 상징성도 크다. 고대 목조기술이 미발달되었을 당시에는 지붕의 침하·이동·붕괴를 방지하기 위해 기와를 고정하는 것이 주요했다. 이를 위해 다양한 길이의 와정을 사용하고, 그 상부에 금속류·도자기류를 덮어 빗물로부터 보호하면서 다양한 지붕장식이 발전한 것으로 보인다. 3. 고대 사지의 발굴조사를 통해 우리나라 고대 권위건축의 지붕부에는 사용된 금속장식으로는 용마루 중앙장식, 보정, 상륜, 지네철, 현어, 귀꽃, 방초박이, 풍탁 등이 있다. 목조건축의 용마루 장엄에는 용마루 중앙장식과 치미 등을 설치하였고, 같은 맥락으로 모임지붕에는 보정을, 불탑에는 상륜을 설치하여 누르개 역할과 장식을 겸하였다. 한편 귀꽃, 방초박이 등은 지붕의 수키와·막새 등이 흘러내리는 것을 막고 지붕의 곡선미를 살리는 역할도 하였다. 4. 7∼8세기에는 용마루 중앙장식, 보정, 방초박이 등에 보주형과 연봉형이 선호되었다. 그리고 용마루 중앙장식, 지붕마루의 마구리 장식, 방초박이 등은 한 벌(set)처럼 유사한 재료·형태를 이루기도 하였다. 이후 목조기술이 발전하면서 용마루 중앙장식과 방초박이 대신 지붕 마루곡과 처마곡을 이용하였을 가능성도 있다. 5. 추후 연구에서는 발굴조사를 통한 1차적인 고고학과 불교미술학의 성과를 2차적인 건축학의 결과로 연결할 수 있는 용어 정리가 요구된다.

근대 일본과 한국의 사회진화론과 아나키즘 연구 - 고토쿠 슈스이와 신채호를 중심으로

윤일,남송우,손동주,서은선 동북아시아문화학회 2008 동북아 문화연구 Vol.1 No.14

<P>The aim of this treatise is in researching Social-Darwinism and Anarchism shared between the intellectuals in both Modern Korea and Japan, with Sin Chae-Ho and Kotoku Shusui as the central figure.</P><P> Fundamentally speaking, Social-Darwinism originated with Spencer who applied the law of the survival of the fittest of Darwin"s theory of evolution to society.</P><P> Kotoku Shusui, a representative Socialist in Japan, accepted and applied Darwin"s concept of struggle and selection for existence to his society in early 20th century. He thought evolution of society could realize the ideal of Socialism.</P><P> Differently, Shin Chae-Ho"s concept is more like that of Kato Hiroyuki or Lyangchi-chao, whose thought was based on organic conception of state, in aspect of his focus on nationalism or statism which was not accepted by Kotoku.</P><P> When Social-Darwinism became the base theory for Japan Imperialism, Anti-Imperialism got formed in East Asia.</P><P> Anarchism in Japan took shape on a full scale from Kotoku"s "Direct act" code in 1906.</P><P> He was considered to notice desperately laborers" fall by necessity from industrial capital after Japan"s Industrial Revolution followed by Russo-Japanese Wars. He insisted that the laborers should attain their rights and interests in the form of "Direct Act", denying parliamentarism by a few elites after his visit in USA. Aanarcho-Syndicalism was originated from this and soon became the mainstream in Anarchism of Japan.</P><P> On the contrary, in Korea, terrorism became the most important action in Anarchism.</P><P> Shin Chae-Ho cried out for the people"s revolution against Japan"s imperialism without reference to his state or people in his "Declaration for Cho-sun revolution" (1923).</P><P> He also insisted on Korea"s liberation and building ideal Cho-sun. He justified terror or violent revolution in the way of achieving people"s revolution.</P><P> In this aspect, it can be said that Shin was affected from Kotoku"s concepts of "Direct action", thought of assassination, or Social-revolution. But Shin was more radical Anarchist and the reason was Japan"s violent occupation on Korea.</P>

송순의 면앙정과 16세기 누정건축에 관한 연구

윤일이,Youn, Li-Ly 한국건축역사학회 2005 건축역사연구 Vol.14 No.4

The Honam region has played an important role in the development of Korea poetry. So this study focuses on Song Soon among various factors of Honam architecture in 16th century. He was ahead of his times in development of Korean literature, and made buildings that become background and materials of his literature. Song Soon built Myonang-jong in Damyang for his life time and tried to design to pull in nature into his buildings. These buildings were built in beautiful landscape, and showed elegance as a retired scholar and Taoism characteristics. He provided basic ideas, that is, pulling in nature into architecture, and metaphysics morality, and his ideas also influenced Honam School Including Jung Chul. This study looks into Nujung architecture that had become materials of Myonang-jong Song Soon literature and characteristics of Honam architecture through his buildings at the same time.

Advance in Photosensitizers and Light Delivery for Photodynamic Therapy

윤일,Jia Zhu Li,심영기 대한소화기내시경학회 2013 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.46 No.1

The brief history of photodynamic therapy (PDT) research has been focused on photosensitizers (PSs) and light delivery was introduced recently. The appropriate PSs were developed from the first generation PS Photofrin (QLT) to the second (chlorins or bacteriochlorins derivatives) and third (conjugated PSs on carrier) generations PSs to overcome undesired disadvantages, and to increase selective tumor accumulation and excellent targeting. For the synthesis of new chlorin PSs chlorophyll a is isolated from natural plants or algae, and converted to methyl pheophorbide a (MPa) as an important starting material for further synthesis. MPa has various active functional groups easily modified for the preparation of different kinds of PSs, such as methyl pyropheophorbide a, purpurin-18, purpurinimide,and chlorin e6 derivatives. Combination therapy, such as chemotherapy and photothermal therapy with PDT, is shortly described here. Advanced light delivery system is shown to establish successful clinical applications of PDT. Phtodynamic efficiency of the PSs with light delivery was investigated in vitro and/or in vivo.

[가솔린엔진부문] 평면 이미지 기법을 이용한 분무 입경 분포 측정

윤일한(Ilhan Yoonm),이형승(Hyung-Seung Yi),민경덕(Kyoungdoug Min) 한국자동차공학회 2000 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

A planar image technique is applied to measure the distribution of droplet size which is related to the characteristics of emissions and combustion of GDI engine. The technique is based on the principles of fluorescence and Mie scattering of droplet in the spray. When laser light sheet illuminates particles in a cross section of spray, the particles emit fluorescence and Mie scattering light. The fluorescence and scattering signals are imaged simultaneously by an optical system composed of a doubling prism. optical filters, and an ICCD camera. Relative SMD distributions according to space and time are obtained through calculating the ratio between two light intensities and the distributions are quantified with LDPA. The experimental results show that the characteristics of GDI injector are varied with injection pressure

Perfluorodecalin ( DK-line ) 과 Silicone oil 을 이용한 거대 망막 열공 ( Giant Reitnal tear ) 의 처리

윤일한(Ill Han Yoon),이미송(Mi Song Lee),김동수(Dong Su Kim) 대한안과학회 1996 대한안과학회지 Vol.37 No.5

아쿠타가와 류노스케(芥川竜之介)의 『바닷가』

윤일 동북아시아문화학회 2015 동북아시아문화학회 국제학술대회 발표자료집 Vol.2015 No.11

밈(meme)과 자연환경 그리고 행복의 상관성에 관한 고찰 연구

윤일 한국공간디자인학회 2010 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.5 No.1

인간은 진화과정을 보면 자연환경에 순응하면서 삶을 영위하였다. 하지만 자연환경과 사나운 맹수로의 위협은 인간이 적응하기에는 쉬운 상대가 아니었을 것이다. 본고에서는 밈의 구조와 자연환경의 진화과정을 분석하여 인간이 자연환경에서의 본능적 생활을 통해 행복의 근원이 어떻게 만들어지게 되었는지를 문헌고찰을 통해 자연과학적으로 고찰해보고자 한다. 인류 초기에는 생존본능에 의한 의식주해결이 인간의 만족감을 부가시켰을 것으로 보이지만 자연환경에 적응을 하기위해서는 이기적인 유전자를 소유할 수밖에 없었다. 하지만 부족에 의한 집단생활로 문화가 만들어지면서 개인의 이기심은 생존에 도움이 되지 않았기 때문에 이기심 보다는 이타심이 만들어 졌을 것이며 그로인해 이기심은 인간의 내면에 자리를 잡는 계기가 되었다. 문화는 사회활동을 통해 개인보다는 타인을 위한 이타심을 만들어 주는 자연의 산물(産物)이다. 이에 인간의 마음을 만들어 주는 것이 문화일 것이다. Human being is considered as leading the life by adapting himself/herself to natural environment. However, threats from natural environment and wild animals were barriers to human being’s adaptation. By conducting an analysis on the structure of Meme and the evolutionary process of natural environment, this study attempts to review how the source of happiness was formed through human’s instinctive life in natural environment, from the prospective of natural science through literature review. It seems that resolving the problem of food/clothing/shelter by survival instinct made it possible to add human satisfaction, but it is evitable to own a selfish gene for adaptation to natural environment. However, it can be said that altruism, rather than selfishness, has been generated because individual’s selfishness was useless in human’s survival in the process where culture has been formed through trial group life, and because of this selfishness was located at the inner side of human. Culture can be considered as a product of nature which creates altruism for others rather than individual through social activity. As such, it is believed that making human mind is a culture itself.