핵연료 수송용기의 방사선 차폐해석

조건우,김희원,권석근,곽은호,문석형 대한방사선 방어학회 1985 방사선방어학회지 Vol.10 No.2

KSC-1 핵연료 수송용기에 대한 방사선차폐해석을 QAD-CG, ANISN-KA, DOT 3.5등의 전산코드와 DLC-23/CASK의 핵단면적 자료를 사용하여 수행하였다. 운반물인 사용후 핵연료집합체로부터 방출되는 중성자 및 감마선의 방사선원항은 ORIGEN-79전산코드를 이용하여 평가하였다. 방사선차폐해석 결과, 1개의 가압경수로 사용후 핵연료집합체를 운반할 수 있는 KSC-1핵연료 수송용기는 정상적인 수송조건에서 뿐만 아니라 가상적인 사고수송조건하에서도 관련 법령에서 정하는 기준을 만족하고 있어 방사선차폐해석의 관점에서 볼 때, 그 안전성이 입증된다. Radiation shield design for a shipping cask, KSC-1, was evaluated to verify that the cask can be used in the transportation of a spent fuel assembly discharged from KNU 5 & 6. Radiation source term of the spent fuel assembly was calculated with the computer program ORIGEN-79, QAD-CG, ANISN-KA and DOT 3.5 codes were used in the shielding calculations and the nuclear cross section data needed was extracted from the DLC-23/CASK library. It is concluded that KSC-1 shipping cask satisfies the requirements specified in the relevant regulations under normal conditions of transport and under accident conditions in transport.

응급실 내원 환자의 만족도 평가 및 관련 요인에 대한 연구

서강석,감신,박정배,이정헌,김종근,윤영국,곽경숙,이원기,우석정 大韓應急醫學會 1998 대한응급의학회지 Vol.9 No.4

Background: To examine the influencing factors on patients' satisfaction in the emergency department(ED) for quality assurance. Methods: Patients who visited to the ED were prospectively investigated from November 1 to December 31, 1997. Authors developed questionnaire to investigate influencing factors on patients' satisfaction. A Chi-square test and LISREL 7.0 were applied for statistical analysis. Results: Patients' satisfaction was significantly related to physical environment variables, accessibility variables, kindness of hospital personnel variables, and patient's trust for doctors variables. In path analysis, willingness for revisit was influenced by patients' satisfation, accessibility, physical environment, patients' trust for doctors in order, and willingness for recommendation was influenced by accessibility, patients' satisfaction, and kindness of hospital personnel in order. Conclusions: The influencing factors on patients' satisfaction are physical environment, accessibility, kindness of hospital personnel, and patient's trust for doctors. Willingness for revisit and willingness for recommendation are influenced by patients' satisfation. In spite of some limitations, the results of this study can be used as a baseline information for exploring the influencing factors on patients' satisfaction. Further comprehensive research efforts should be made on the study of patients' satisfactoin in the ED.

Enhanced stress tolerance of diploid microalgae: Better option for outdoor cultivation

Won-Kun PARK,Minsoo KWAK,Byuong-ryool JEONG,Yong Keun CHANG 한국생물공학회 2019 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2019 No.10

A retrospective study of 16 cats with intermediate- to high-grade alimentary lymphoma

Kwak, Dong-Hyuk,Cho, Mun-Ju,Park, Hyung-Jin,Song, Kun-Ho,Seo, Kyoung Won The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2021 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.61 No.1

The purpose of this retrospective study was to describe cases of feline intermediateto high-grade alimentary lymphoma regarding signalment, clinical presentation, laboratory findings, response to therapy (modified 25-week University of Wisconsin-Madison [UW-25] vs. COP [cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone]), toxicosis, and outcomes and to identify prognostic factors. Sixteen cats were treated with chemotherapy protocols. Response rates and survival did not differ statistically between the two protocols. The progression-free interval (PFI) and median survival time (MST) in cats achieving a response to therapy were longer than in those with no response [NR] (complete remission [CR] vs. partial remission [PR] vs. NR; PFI, 124 vs. 49 vs. 12 days, p < 0.001; MST, 361 vs. 118 vs. 16 days, p < 0.001). Clinical stage was another prognostic factor for PFI and MST. The PFI and MST in cats in stage I were longer than in those in other stages (PFI, 107 days vs. 30 days; MST, 193 days vs. 54 days). Hematologic and gastrointestinal toxicosis was mostly low grade. In comparing the modified UW-25 protocol with the COP protocol, there was not much difference in the number of neutropenic episodes and grade levels.

Improvement of biomass and lipid yield under stress conditions by using diploid strains of <i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</i>

Kwak, Minsoo,Park, Won-Kun,Shin, Sung-Eun,Koh, Hyun-Gi,Lee, Bongsoo,Jeong, Byeong-ryool,Chang, Yong Keun Elsevier Science B.V. Amsterdam 2017 Algal research Vol.26 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Algal biofuel feedstocks are excellent candidates for sustainable and eco-friendly fuels for the next generation, which can be improved by genetic modifications for their maximal production of biomaterials. However, currently available genetic modifications involve the introduction of foreign DNA into the algal genome, and this may face legal and public conflicts due to the risk of environmental, economic, and/or health problems. In this regard, we employed an old concept of crop improvement that has been accepted in the long history of agriculture, i.e. polyploidization. Polyploidization of crop plants has been selected fortuitously or intentionally not only for increased quality and/or quantity of products, but also for enhanced stress tolerance. We induced diploidy in the model algae <I>Chlamydomonas</I> by treating haploid cells with the microtubule inhibitor colcemid, and the resulting diploids were selected for increased colony size and neutral lipid contents. Two of the isolated diploid strains containing doubled DNA contents, named CMD ex1 and CMD ex4, were increased in their cell size and cellular weight. These diploids were excellent in coping with abiotic stresses, including nutritional, oxidative, and cold stresses. Under these conditions, the diploids accumulated two times more biomass and FAME yield compared to the control. To understand underlying mechanisms, we performed RNA-Seq analyses for the diploid under the cold stress. Transcriptomic analyses revealed that the diploids showed enhanced expression of genes involved in photosynthesis, energy metabolism, and translation as well as reduced starch metabolism. Overall, diploids of <I>Chlamydomonas</I> showed improvements including increased yields of biomass and FAME and enhanced stress tolerance compared to wild-type organisms. The results demonstrate that polyploidization can be utilized in industrial microalgae for the production of biofuels and other biomaterials not only on a laboratory scale but also in outdoor cultivation, where stress conditions are inevitable.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Diploids of <I>Chlamydomonas</I> showed increased production of biomass and lipid. </LI> <LI> Diploids showed enhanced resistance to nutrient, oxidative and cold stresses. </LI> <LI> Annual productivity of diploid was estimated to increase by 36% in <I>Chlamydomonas</I>. </LI> <LI> Diploids can avoid political and public conflicts of GMOs. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Equivalence self-homotopy on some spaces

尹幸源,郭泰根 대진대학교 1993 大眞論叢 Vol.1 No.-

본 논문은 정규피복에 대하여 완전수열이 존재함을 보이기위하여 연구하였다. 이 과정에서 필요한 파이버 보존함수 공간과 파이버함수의 성질에의한 피복에 의해 유도된 파이버의 풀-벅(full-buck)도식과 호모토피 완전수열의 일부분의 교환도식, 반군과 준동형의 완전수열의 도입으로 준정리 3.1, 3.2, 3.4를 증명하고 이 준정리를 바탕으로 정리 3.5인 주 정리에서 정규피복에 대해 완전수열이 존재함을 보였다.

문턱전압 조절 이온주입에 따른 MCT(MOS Controlled Thyristor)의 스위칭 특성 연구

박건식(Kun-Sik Park),조두형(Doohyung Cho),원종일(Jong-Il Won),곽창섭(Changsub Kwak) 대한전자공학회 2016 전자공학회논문지 Vol.53 No.5

MCT (MOS Controlled Thyristor)의 전류 구동능력은 도통상태의 MCT를 턴-오프 시킬 수 있는 능력, 즉 off-FET의 성능에 의해 결정되고, MCT의 주된 응용분야인 펄스파워 분야에서는 턴-온 시의 피크전류(Ipeak)와 전류상승기울기(di/dt) 특성이 매우 중요하다. 이러한 요구사항을 만족시키기 위해서는 MCT의 on/off-FET 성능 조절이 중요하지만, 깊은 접합의 P-웰과 N-웰을 형성하기 위한 삼중 확산공정과 다수의 산화막 성장공정은 이온주입 불순물의 표면농도를 변화시키고 on/off-FET의 문턱전압(Vth) 조절을 어렵게 한다. 본 논문에서는 on/off-FET의 Vth를 개선하기 위한 채널영역 문턱전압 이온주입에 대하여 시뮬레이션을 진행하고 이를 토대로 제작한 MCT의 전기적 특성을 비교 평가하였다. 그 결과 문턱전압 이온주입을 진행한 MCT의 경우(활성영역=0.465mm2) 100A/cm2 전류밀도에서의 전압손실(VF)은 1.25V, 800V의 어노드 전압에서 Ipeak 및 di/dt는 290A와 5.8kA/μs로 문턱전압 이온주입을 진행하지 않은 경우와 유사한 특성을 나타낸 반면, 100A/cm2의 구동전류에 대한 턴-오프 게이트전압은 -3.5V에서 -1.6V로 감소하여 MCT의 전류 구동능력을 향상시킴을 확인하였다. Current driving capability of MCT (MOS Controlled Thyristor) is determined by turn-off capability of conducting current, that is off-FET performance of MCT. On the other hand, having a good turn-on characteristics, including high peak anode current (Ipeak) and rate of change of current (di/dt), is essential for pulsed power system which is one of major application field of MCTs. To satisfy above two requirements, careful control of on/off-FET performance is required. However, triple diffusion and several oxidation processes change surface doping profile and make it hard to control threshold voltage (Vth) of on/off-FET. In this paper, we have demonstrated the effect of Vth adjustment ion implantation on the performance of MCT. The fabricated MCTs (active area = 0.465 mm2) show forward voltage drop(VF) of 1.25 V at 100 A/cm2 and Ipeak of 290 A and di/dt of 5.8 kA/μs at VA = 800 V. While these characteristics are unaltered by Vth adjustment ion implantation, the turn-off gate voltage is reduced from -3.5 V to -1.6 V for conducting current of 100 A/cm2 when the Vth adjustment ion implantation is carried out. This demonstrates that the current driving capability is enhanced without degradation of forward conduction and turn-on switching characteristics

The Synthetic Complexity Measure based on Control and Data in Petri Net Representation

Jong Kun Lee,Jung Hwa Kwak,Jung Won Kim 기초과학연구소 1995 기초과학논문집 Vol.7 No.-

배양액 내의 교원성 기질이 피부 섬유모세포의 DNA 및 단백질 합성에 미치는 영향

이종원,곽승일,심형곤,이종건,변준희 大韓成形外科學會 1997 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.24 No.2

Collagen is the major component of scar tissue. Considerable progress of fibroblast growth kinetics and of collagen synthesis has been achieved in the past decade. We have been interested in fibroblasts activities as they are expressed by cells cultured in collagen substrate. This study is to examine the Effects of collagen substrate and peptide growth factors in culture medium on DNA and protein synthesis of human dermal fibroblast. Collagen, interleukin-1(IL-1) and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) were added to fibroblast culture media according to the designed experiment model and DNA and protein synthesis were measured by [³H]-thymidine, [³H]-leucine, and [³H]-proline incorporation method the morphological features of fibroblasts were observed by light microscape. The results were as follows; 1) There were significant deceases of DNA and protein synthesis of cultured fibroblasts in the presence of collagen substrate compared with those in control groups ( p<0.01 ) 2) DNA and protein synthesis were decreased as dose dependent manner of collagen density in culture media. 3) Morphological features of fibroblasts became less stellate and flat, more spindle-like in the presence of collagen. 4) In responsiveness to IL-1, Collagen non-treated groups responded to IL-1 but collagen treated groups were unresponsive to IL-1 (P<0.05). 5) Cells in collagen non-treated groups responded to TGF-β as dose-related manner ( P<0.01 ). Collagen treated groups responded to TGF-β but did not show TGF-β dose-dependent relationship. In conclusion, Collagen substrate in the culture medium could lower the DNA and protein synthesis of fibroblasts. Cells in Collagen substrate were unresponsive or less responsive to peptide growth factors than those in non-collagen substrate.

다중회귀분석을 활용한 위례신도시 공시지가 결정요인에 관한 연구

김재원(Jae-won Kim),곽나경(Na-kyung Kwak),김홍서(Hong-seo Kim),문다진(Da-jin Moon),유아연(A-hyeon Yoo),이건하(Kun-ha Lee),진승우(Seung-woo Jin),허솔(Heo Sol) 대한지리학회 2023 대한지리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2023 No.06