은, 동 및 팔라듐이 치과용 저금계 합금 및 은-팔라듐계 합금의 표면경도, 황이온에 의한 변색 및 부식저항성에 주는 영향 : Ⅱ.Experimental Low Gold Based Alloys Ⅱ. 실험용 치과용 저금계 합금

임범순,문현정,김철위 대한치과기재학회 1999 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.26 No.2

Nine experimental low gold based alloys (Au = 20 %) were prepared with various concentrations of Pd, Ag, and Cu. Experimental alloys were divided into three groups : casted alloys, quenched alloys subsequent to solution treatment, and aged alloys subsequent to solution treatment. Microstructure of alloys was examined by Optical microscope and SEM with EDXA, and surface hardness of alloys was measured by Vickers' hardness tester. Color changes and anodic polarization curves of alloys in the modified Fusayama's artificial saliva with various S² concentrations (0.01, 0.10, 0.50, 1.00, and 5.00 mM/ℓ) were evaluated by Spectrophotometer and Potentiostat. With an increase of Pd concentration in experimental alloys, color change (ΔE) of alloys was significantly decreased and surface hardness was moderately increased, but it had surprisingly little effect on the anodic polarization curves (p>0.05). Color change (ΔE) and surface hardness were increased with a decrease of Ag/Cu ratio in experimental alloys, but anodic polarization curves did not change significantly (p>0.05). Color changes of the quenched alloys was lower than those of the aged alloys. Corrosion potential of alloys was not affected by heat treatments, but current densities were affected at high potential (>400 mVSCE). Significantly higher current density of the aged alloys, compared to the quenched alloys, could result in server corrosion. The surface hardness of the casted alloys was apparently greater than that of quenched alloys. In SEM and EDXA analysis, it was observed that Pd was precipitated in the Cu-rich phase and Au migrated to the Ag-rich phase.

土地公槪念과 私有財産制와의 法的 葛藤에 관한 硏究

林正平,石琮顯 단국대학교 1986 論文集 Vol.20 No.-

경피내시경하 위루술(PEG)을 시행한 중풍후유증 환자 1례에 대한 증례보고

임승민,안정조,최영,조현경,오병렬,설인찬 대전대학교 한방병원 2002 惠和醫學 Vol.11 No.1

According to the case study of patient with seguela of C.V.A who was treated by Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrotomy(PEG), his chief complaint is the dysphagia. We treated him by a viewpoint of oriental medicine and got the good clinical symtom.

성게 가시에 의해 유발된 수지의 육아종성 염증 2예

김정란,김동훈,장태정,이종임,임현술,이현경,배성한 대한병리학회 1998 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.32 No.1

인터넷을 활용한 초등 영어 수업의 구어 능력 향상에 관한 연구

임정완,구현정 大邱大學校 師範大學 附設 敎育硏究所 2009 學校敎育硏究 Vol.5 No.1

본 논문은 초등 영어 의사소통 능력의 향상에 그 초점을 맞추어 언어의 4가지 영역 듣기, 말하기, 읽기, 쓰기 영역 중에서 의사소통능력과 가장 관련 깊은 듣기, 말하기 부분 향상연구 방안에 초점을 맞추어 보았다. 총 72명의 초등학교 학생들이 본 연구에 참여하였으며, 각각 36명씩 통제반과 실험반으로 나뉘어 약 20주간 실험 관찰되었고, 실험 결과는 SPSS 12.0 으로 분석되었다. 각 과의 내용과 이에 부합하는 인터넷 자료 등을 통해 여러 번의 실험 수업을 거친 결과 학생들의 듣기, 말하기 실력이 향상되는 것을 지켜볼 수 있었다. 듣기와 말하기 실력의 향상 정도는 듣기가 말하기보다 조금 더 유의도에서 의미가 있었다. 즉 듣기가 말하기보다 실력 향상에 있어 조금 더 효과가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 학생들은 다른 매체들에 비해 쉽게 노출되고 또 그만큼 쉽게 즐길 수 있는 매체가 인터넷이라 보다 적극적인 자세로 수업에 임했다. 아직 저학년인 학생들이므로 지금의 영어에 대한 흥미도가 평생의 영어 실력을 결정 할 수 있는 만큼 이 시기의 흥미도는 절대적으로 중요하다는 것을 고려 해볼 때, 학생들이 흥미를 느끼며 동시에 실력까지 향상되어간다는 사실은 주목해 볼 필요가 있다. It is widely known that the Internet-based English teaching can be useful for students since it is not only a way of providing joy for them, but also a means of consolidating and extending their knowledge of the language. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of the Internet-based English Teaching for Korean elementary schools students. For this purpose, a review of related literature was carried out to analyze various teaching methods using the Internet. Then the analysis of the elementary school students and curriculum that was performed in English classes was carried out. A total of 72 elementary school students participated in this study and they were divided into one comparison group and one treatment group, consisting of 36 students each. They were observed over 20 weeks and surveyed on their interests about learning English after the treatment was over. Before and after the treatment, students' spoken English ability in each group was also measured and analyzed by the use of SPSS 12.0. The findings of the study were as follows: First, the treatment group showed higher spoken English ability than the control group, especially in terms of listening ability. By being exposed to the Internet-based class activities, the treatment group had more opportunities to listen to and speak in English than the control group. Second, the students' interests about learning English significantly increased after being taught by the Internet-based class activities. In conclusion, it is recommended to design and apply the Internet-based English class that plays a positive role to improve oral English ability for Korean elementary school students.

유전자변형식품의 환경 및 인체 영향에 대한 문헌 고찰

정철,임현술 東國大學校醫學硏究所 2004 東國醫學 Vol.11 No.1

유전자변형농작물(eMO: Genetically modified organism)은 기존의 작물보다 독성 살충제의 사용을 줄일 수 있고 원하는 영양분을 함유한 농작물을 다수확 할 수 있기 때문에 궁극적으로 환경오염을 감소시키고 전 세계를 기아로부터 해방시킬 수 있다고 주장하는 지지자들이 있다. 그러나 비판적인 시각을 가진 사람들은 유전자변형농작물의 잠재적인 위험성에 대해 두려워할 뿐만 아니라, 그 이로움의 정도가 실제로 얼마나 될지를 의심하고 있다. 현재까지 유전자변형농작물의 건강영향이나 환경오염에 대해서 명백하게 밝혀지지 않은 채 양측 입장이 서로 논쟁중이다. 그러나 이 문제는 먹거리에 대한 문제이고 우리의 실생활에 유전자변형농작물이 많은 부분 들어와 있는 현실이므로 무턱대고 논쟁을 지켜보기만 할 문제는 아니다. 유전자변형농산물을 많이 수입하고 있는 우리나라도 더 이상 방관만 하고 있을 수 없는 입장이다. 우리나라에서도 유전자변형농작물을 많이 수입하고 있어서 농림부가 콩, 옥수수, 콩나물에 대한 유전자조작 농산물 표시제를 법제화하였고 식품의약품안전청도 식품에 표시제를 법제화하고 있는 현실이다. 만일 유전자변형농작물의 유해성이 밝혀지고 이에 대한 제한이 있을 경우 수입한 옥수수나 콩 등을 이용하고 있는 국내 식품산업은 물론 제약, 생활용품 및 수출시장에도 막대한 피해를 초래할 것으로 우려하고 있다. 그러나 대다수의 국민들은 유전자변형식품의 소비에 대해 잘 모르고 있는 현실이고 이 같은 시점에서 유전자변형식품의 건강영향에 대한 기존의 연구문헌들을 고찰하여 현재까지의 연구내용들을 정리하는 일은 매우 필요한 일이다. 이는 앞으로 연구들에 있어 기초 자료로 활용할 수 있고 국민들에게 올바른 유전자변형식품 소비에 대한 판단의 근거가 될 수 있을 것이다. There are supporters who assert themselves that the genetically modified organisms can decrease the environmental pollution and emancipate the starving people all over the world by reducing the pesticides use and harvesting the well nourished crops. But, the critics are afraid of latent danger and are doubtful of real advantages of the genetically modified organisms. Until now, there is a controversy on the influence on health and environmental pollution of the genetically modified organisms. We should be concerned about the genetically modified organisms because it penetrates into our dinner table recently and our country imports the large amounts of the genetically modified organisms. The Ministry of Agriculture and Korea Food and Drug Administration lay down the making law of the genetically modified organisms especially about beans, corns and bean sprouts. If it has clarified about the harmfulness of the genetically modified organisms and it has limited in national trade, the Korea industry of food processing, pharmacy, living necessaries and exportation would confronted by the serious damage. But, the majority of people takes no interest in the genetically modified organisms. At this point of time, it requires the literature inquiry about the influence on health of the genetically modified organisms. It should provide the base on decision of consuming the genetically modified foods.

지속적인 기립 작업에 의한 만성 하지 정맥 부전증 1예

정철,임현술,유선희 東國大學校醫學硏究所 2003 東國醫學 Vol.10 No.1

저자들은 10년 간 자동차 부품 조립공장에 근무하면서 지속적인 기립 작업에 의하여 하지 정맥류가 발생하였고 이후 하지 정맥 혈전증이 합병되어 통증과 부종을 수반하는 만성 하지 정맥 부전증으로 업무상 질병이 인정된 증례를 보고하는 바이다. 환례는 44세 여자로 1966년부터 우측 하지에 정맥류가 발생하였고 2001년 6월부터 시작된 하지 통증과 부종으로 2001년 7월 25일 정확한 진단을 위해 병원을 방문하였다. 과거력상 2001년 7월초 진단된 결핵 이외에는 혈관질환 등 기타질환을 앓거나 약물을 복용한 것이 없었고, 가족력과 사회력 조사에서도 정맥류와 관련된 특이한 점은 없었다. 환례는 현 직장에 1991년 입사하여 10년 간 동일한 조립공정 업무를 수행하였다. 작업은 계속 한 자세로 서서 일하는 형태였으며, 하루 총 작업식간은 8시간이었다. 진찰 소견상 우측 하지 후슬와부에 정맥류가 관찰되었고, 압박시 하지 통증과 부종이 관찰되었다. 입원시 실시한 우측 상행 하지정맥 조영술 검사상 호가장된 다수의 정맥이 장딴지에서 보이고 오금정맥이 하부 하지부에서는 불투명화 되지 않아 약 1개월간 병원에 입원하여 혈전증에 대한 항응고제 치료를 시행 받았다. 환례와 동일한 작업을 하는 동료근로자는 12명으로 작업 후 하지 통증은 모두 경험하였다고 하였으며, 이들 중 1례는 하지 정맥류가 관찰되었다. 프로트롬빈시간은 입원일 9.8초였다가 이후 정상으로 회복하여 퇴원시 11.5초를 보였으며, 활성 부분트롬보플라스틴시간도 입원 당시 퇴원시 33.4초로 회복되었다. 하지 통증 및 부종은 입원 중 점차 감소하였고 내원 당시 방사선 검사상 관찰되었던 하지 정맥 혈전도 소실되었다. 본 환례를 통하여 장시간 서서 일하는 근로자는 하지 정맥류에 대한 발생 가능성을 염두에 두고, 하지 통증이나 부종이 동반될 경우 혈전 여부 검사를 시행하여야 할 것이며, 그 원인추구에 있어서 반드시 직업관련성을 조사해 보아야 할 것이다. 작업장내 장시간 서서 하는 작업이 있을 경우에는 정기적인 검진을 통해 유소견자를 가려내고, 혈전증 예방을 위해 한 쪽 다리는 교대로 올려놓을 수 있는 발받침대를 설치하거나 작업 전 압력 스타킹을 신게 하는 등의 작업환경 개선에 대한 노력을 강조하여야 할 것이다. We report a case of chronic venous insufficiency with a history of 10 year standing work. The authors reviewed the clinical and hematologic features of the case. We also reviewed the job contents of her workplace. The worker was a 44-year old female who had worked in a mobile accessory factory for 10 years (1991-2001). She had been founded right leg varicous vein since 1996. The varicose veins induced severe pain and edema on June 2001. By venography, thrombus were detected and finally diagnosed as venous thrombosis on 25th July 2001. She regarded the occupational disease by longstanding work of standing position. She received anticoagulant treatment by one-month admission, and then improved the symptom and hematologic laboratory results. To prevent chronic venous insufficiency, we must modify working environments, begin comprehensive medical surveillance, educate workers on risk of lower leg venous problems, and increase workers awareness of safety regulations in the workplace.

갑상선암 예측에 있어 초음파적 변수 분석

임현정,최영식,박요한,오경승,이강대 고신대학교 의학부 2004 高神大學校 醫學部 論文集 Vol.19 No.1

Background: The introduction of high resolution sonography has made it possible to detect nodules in the thyroid gland. However, there has been no reliable sonographic sign for distinguishing between benign and malignant thyroid conditions. The aim of present study was to evaluate ultrasonographic (US) parameters in predicting thyroid cancer. Methods: One hundred fifty three patients who underwent thyroidectomy at Kosin Medical Center from January, 2000 to April, 2002 were included in the study. All patients were checked high resolutional US before surgery. Of the 153 patients 89 were malignant tumors and 64 benign. Malignant US parameters were defined as calcification, irregular margin, more taller than wide, and fat line obliteration. Calcification pattern was classified with single, punctated, and amorphous calcification. The US characteristics to predict malignancy were evaluated by means of multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: All of the malignant sonographic parameters such as calcification, 53 (89.8%) were thyroid carcinoma. The incidence rate of malignancy was 55.9% in solitary nodules and 65.7% in multiple nodules (p=0.303). Even though nodule size was less than 1.5㎝, the incidence of malignant tumor was 69.5% (p=0.04). Of 53 malignant nodules with calcification, the incidence of single, punctated, and amorphous calcification pattern was 6 (11.3%), 22 (41.5%), 25(47.2%), respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and accuracy of sonographic parameters were 76.4%, 87.5%, 89.5%, 72.7% and 81.0%, respectively. Upon the correlation of US-guided FNA cytology with pathologic diagnosis, the sensitivity of ultrasound-guided FNA cytology in differentiating benign and malignant nodule was 85.9%, the specificity 100% and overall diagnostic accuracy was 91.2%. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of US parameters associated to follicular neoplasm, all were 75.0%. Conclusion : All the malignant US parameters including calcification, irregular margin, and more tall than wide showed high level of sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. Of these parameter, calcification and irregular margin were more significants. The more presence of calcifications with punctated and amorphous pattern could suggest the higher possibility of malignancy. However, further study is needed for clinical application of malignant US parameters in the thyroid tumors.

유용한 젖산균의 프로바이오틱 생균으로서의 주요 특성

정민용,임형택,백현동 경남대학교 환경문제연구소 2000 환경연구 Vol.23 No.-

In order to select probiotics with a high survival rate in gut and the growth inhibition of virulent pathogens to human beings or animals, we have examined a variety of microorganisms to assess the artificial gastric acid and bile acid. In addition, microbiological identification, antimicrobial activity, enzyme activity, and antibiotic resistance were performed. The selected strains survived for 24 h in artificial bile after incubation for 2 h in artificial gastric juice. Especially, MY4 strain showed higher survival for 2 h incubation in artificial gastric juice. As a result of API CHL 50 kit test, strains MY4, PT77, and PS-490 were tentatively identified as Lactobacillus plantarum, while strain PS653 was tentatively identified as Lactococcus lactis. All lactic acid bacteria were shown to inhibit the growth of Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19111 dramatically within 24 h of incubation. In test of API ZYM kit, β-glucuronidase was not produced by any kind of lactic acid bacteria. All strains were resistant to antibiotics such as nisin, tetracycline, streptomycin, and rifamycin.

국소성 분절성 사구체 경화증의 완전 관해 후 발병한 IgA 신병증 1예

임현민,김현정,박민석,주혜원,최원,김상현,박원도 인제대학교 2006 仁濟醫學 Vol.27 No.-

We report a rare case of primary glomerular disease with IgA nephropathy in a 43-year old man. 7-years ago, he was diagnosed with minimal change nephrotic syndrome. After treatment with steroid for 1-year, azotemia and proteinuria were improved. But, nephrotic range proteinuria was relapsed within 1 week after cessation of steroid. Renal biopsy revealed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and achived a complete remission with the use of steroids and cyclophosphamide. Then, he was followed up with normal renal function for 4-years. On admission, the patient showed generalized edema and marked proteinuria. In 3rd renal biopsy, mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis with diffuse global sclerosis was observed. Electron microscopy showed electron-dense deposit on the mesangium with slight mesangial proliferation, and immunofluoroscence microscopy showed granular deposits of IgA and IgM. These features were consistent with IgA nephropathy, different from results of previous biopsies. The pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy occurred with primary FSGS is not clear, as well as treatment. Now, proteinuria is improving, steroid and cyclophosphamide are probably useful for the disease.