어머니의 미각교육 인식 및 식습관 양육태도와 유·아동기 자녀의 식습관 및 식품기호도의 관계 연구

서명지 공주대학교 일반대학원 2023 국내석사

The purpose of this study is to find out the correlation and influence of mother's perception of sensory education and mother's eating habits and food preferences in infants and children, to enhance the importance of children's proper eating habits and food preferences, and to lead future generations to healthy eating habits and food preferences. In this study, the main caregiver of children aged 3 to 9 was targeted at mothers, and a web survey was conducted for a total of 302 people. The survey consisted of 14 questions related to the mother's perception of sensory education, 10 questions related to parenting attitude, 13 questions related to the child's eating habits, 29 questions related to the child's food preference, and 7 questions in general. As a result of the analysis, as a result of the demographic characteristics survey, the proportion of people in their 30s was high, most of them were single-child families, and the proportion of college graduates (including junior colleges) was the highest. The average monthly income (summed in the case of double income) was the highest at the rate of more than 5 million won, with the highest proportion of professionals/civil servants for jobs, and office workers, full-time housewives, sales/sales/service workers, and self-employed people showed an even distribution. Gyeonggi-do Province had the highest proportion of residences, and nuclear families (parents and children) had the highest proportion of families. As a result of the technical statistics analysis, the highest perception was that sensory education develops five senses in the mother's perception of sensory education. In the mother's eating habits parenting attitude, the score of the attitude of cooking and providing food in a safe form that is easy to digest was high. In terms of children's eating habits, the score of items for eating food sitting in the right posture was high, and in terms of children's food preferences, the preference for seaweed was the highest. According to the analysis of the factors of mother's sensory education, mother's eating habits parenting attitude, and children's eating habits, two factors were extracted, each of which was named dietary perception improvement and dietary behavior improvement, and the mother's eating habits were named regular parenting attitude, safe parenting attitude, and compensatory parenting attitude. Two factors were extracted for children's eating habits, and they were named as correct eating habits and correct eating attitudes. As a result of confirming the research problem, it was found that the effect of mothers' perception of sensory education on regular parenting attitudes was statistically significant (p<.001), Improving dietary perception among the attributes of mothers' perception of sensory education (p<.001), improving dietary behavior (p<.05) was found to have an effect on regular parenting attitudes. The effect of mothers' perception of sensory education on safe parenting attitudes was found to be statistically significant (p<).001), among the attributes of mother's perception of sensory education, improvement of mother's dietary behavior (p<.001)It was found that only the item had an effect. The effect of mothers' perception of sensory education on compensatory parenting attitudes had a statistically significant effect (p<.05). Improving dietary perception among the attributes of mothers' perception of sensory education (p<.05) It was found that only items had an effect. The effect of mothers' perception of sensory education on correct intake habits was found to be statistically significant (p<.001), among the attributes of mothers' perception of sensory education, improvement of dietary behavior (p<Only item 001.) was significant. The effect of mothers' perception of sensory education on correct intake attitude was found to be statistically significant (p<.001), Improving dietary perception among the attributes of mothers' perception of sensory education (p<.05), Improving dietary behavior (p<.05) was found to have an effect on the correct intake attitude. The effect of mothers' perception of sensory education on their children's preference by food group was found to be statistically significant, and the probability of significance was 0.000 for grains, meat, fish, eggs, beans, vegetables, fruits, milk, and dairy products. The effect of mothers' eating habits and parenting attitudes on correct eating habits was found to be statistically significant (p<.001), among the attributes of the mother's eating habits and parenting attitude, regular parenting attitude (p<.001), safe parenting attitude (p<.001) and compensatory parenting attitude (p<.05) were both found to have an effect on the correct intake habits. The effect of mother's eating habits parenting attitude on the correct eating attitude was found to be statistically significant (p<).001), among the attributes of the mother's eating habits and parenting attitude, regular parenting attitude (p<.001), safe parenting attitude (p<.05), Compensatory parenting attitude (p<.001) was found to have an effect on the correct intake attitude. The effect of mothers' eating habits on their children's food preferences was statistically significant, and among the factors, both improved dietary perception and improved dietary behavior had a significant probability of 0.000 for the rest of the items except 0.026 for grains, meat, fish, eggs, beans, vegetables, fruits, milk, and dairy products. The results of the above study confirmed that mothers' perception of sensory education affects mothers' eating habits, children's eating habits, and children's food preferences, and mothers' eating habits also affect their children's eating habits and children's food preferences. Therefore, it is necessary to positively change children's eating habits and food preferences through the development of a vegetation horror education program for mothers who are the main caregivers of infants.

어머니의 식생활 관리 및 중학생의 식생활 태도와 영양지식에 따른 식습관 차이

김수정 인천대학교 교육대학원 2008 국내석사

대학생의 영양지식과 식습관형성 및 식품기호도에 관한 연구

허민주 전북대학교 일반대학원 2013 국내석사

Abstract A Study on Nutritional Knowledge, Eating Habits and Food Preference of University Students Heo Min-Joo Department of Medical Nurition Therapy The Graduate School Chonbuk National University Background and Purpose: An important factor of lifestyle is eating habits which are based on food preference and nutritional knowledge. The quality of life including health depends on the habits. Nowadays, people show much interest in their own health and is getting a great deal of nutritional information from various resources such as internet. Some of them may be unreliable and can be contributed in inappropriate eating habits. The aim of the survey was to investigate the relation among nutritional knowledge, eating habits and food preference. Method: This study has been performed with 247 university students (114 males and 133 females). Participants completed a questionnaire consisted of eating habits (10 items), food preference (10 food groups) and nutritional knowledge (25 items). Result: The more nutritional knowledge the subjects had, the more desirable eating habits were shown by analyzing relationship between nutritional knowledge and eating habits (p<0.05). Through the analysis of food preference following nutritional knowledge, the interrelationship between the category of vegetable and that of marine plants showed the similar statistics while nutritional knowledge had an effect on personal food choice slightly. In the analysis of food preference and nutritional knowledge, the category of vegetable and marine plants showed significant correlation with nutritional knowledge, while the effect on other personal food choice was slight. Conclusion: In the light of the results, nutritional knowledge can affect personal eating habits while personal food preference can be affected by other factors in addition to nutritional knowledge. Thus, continuous nutritional education is needed during early childhood to adolescent period. Should home and educational institute offer healthy food, highlighting the strength of healthy food for the formation of right food preference, it could be helpful to build the healthy personal eating habit and food preference. Keywords: Nutritional Knowledge, Eating Habits, Food Preference Student ID Number : 201050530

Association of picky eating habits with dietary intake and growth status in early childhood

권경민 서울대학교 대학원 2016 국내석사

Picky eating is frequently observed in early childhood and relate to feeding difficulty, eating small amounts, food neophobia, and strong preference for food types or cooking methods. This eating problems can lead to improper nutritional and growth status in children which can continue to adolescence and adulthood. However it has not been well defined and generally measured by perception of caregivers. Also, the association between picky eating behaviors and nutritional status has not been investigated in depth. So, this study was performed to evaluate the picky eating habits of toddlers and preschool children using a multi-faceted approach and to examine the association between picky eating behaviors and dietary intake and growth status. A cross-sectional study was conducted on the caregivers of children aged between 1 and 5 years in the Seoul Metropolitan area between September 2014 and July 2015. The survey included a self-administered questionnaire about food behavior of children and sociodemographic information and care environment, anthropometrics, and non-consecutive 3 days food records. This study included the data of 184 children from the self-reported data of 221 children’s caregivers; 37 children were excluded because of incomplete dietary data and problems affecting food intake. Perception of caregivers was assessed involving feeding difficulty and pickiness of child. Four constructs of children’s picky eating behaviors included eating small amounts, neophobic behavior, refusal of specific food groups, and preference for a specific food preparation method. Differences in the nutrient intake and growth status between picky eaters and non-picky eaters were tested by ANCOVA test, after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics. The highest proportion of picky eaters was preference for a specific food preparation method. Picky eating behavior occurred more frequently than perception of caregivers. Perception of caregivers about feeding difficulty and pickiness was relate to lower intake of energy and some micronutrients and poor growth, especially in children aged 4 to 5 years. Children ‘eating small amounts’ consumed less energy and most micronutrients, except calcium, but other picky behaviors resulted in a significant difference regarding nutrient density for some micronutrients. ‘Eating small amounts’ was related to lower growth status; whereas the other picky behaviors did not show any significant difference in growth status. Specific picky behaviors were related to perception of caregivers; especially eating small amounts was strongly related to the perception of caregivers. This study identified that picky eating problems occurred in Korea, similar with other countries and specific picky eating behaviors, especially ‘eating small amounts’, were related to the insufficient nutrient intake and lower growth status in early childhood and can lead to feeding problems to caregivers. Thus, intervention to improve the eating behaviors of children and education regarding favorable feeding practices for caregivers are required to help children establish healthy eating habits.

식습관과 피부표면 수분함량 및 피부트러블과의 상관성 연구

박보현 세종대학교 대학원 2003 국내석사

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a study on the correlation between eating habit, water containment on skin surface and skin problem The results are summarized as follow: The purpose of this study is to elucidate the relationships between the eating habits of the adult and the skin moisture content and skin troubles. For this study, 350 males and female were interviewed on their general characteristics, skin conditions and eating habits using questionnaires during the period between Aug. 10, 2003 and Aug. 20, 2003. Of 316 people who responded, the skin moisture contents of 192 people were measured by applying the 'Moisture Checker' on the medial side of the forearm. Frequency analysis was performed to evaluate the general characteristics of the respondents. Questionnaires with multiple answers were cross-analyzed to examine the differences in each variable. 1. Correlations between the general characteristics, eating habits and the skin moisture content. Adults aged 30 or older showed a higher skin moisture content than those who were less than 30 year old. When analyzed according to the marital status, skin moisture content in married subjects were significantly higher than that in singles. Those who eat breakfast on a regular basis showed a significantly higher skin moisture content as well as those who dine outside less than once or twice a week. Also, people who eat fruits often had higher skin moisture content white people who smoked and consumed fish and fast food often showed lower skin moisture content though statistically not significant. As for the relationship between the skin moisture content and alcohol consumption and stress, subjects who reported to consume relatively large amount of alcohol and those who report to be under constant stress tend to show low skin moisture content that was statistically significant. 2. Correlation between the eating habit and skin problem. 1) Correlations between the eating habits and acne. Higher incidence of acne was noted in people who skip meals often and those who preferred spicy and salty foods. People who consumed instant foods often and whose daily sleeping hours are below the overall average also showed significantly increased incidence of acne eruption. 2) Correlation between the eating habits and melasma. Less incidence of melasma was noted with the strong tendency to enjoy sweet foods such as chocolate or candies, and with higher alcohol consumption. Also, smokers and people with shorter sleeping hours were shown to have less incidence of melasma. 3) Correlation between the eating habit and the tone of skin colour. People who enjoy fried foods or fast-foods tended to display more 'reddish' facies than those who did not enjoy fried or fast foods. More 'yellowish' facies was characteristic of people who enjoy spicy or salty foods. 4) Correlation between the eating habit and skin keratin. People who drank tea or coffee that contain caffeine tended to show less keratinization of their skins than those who tend to drink carboanated drinks. As for alopecia, people who consume relatively small amount of vegetable showed were prone to have alopecia. Tendency for nails to breach frequently increased in people who consume little amount of fish. Also, people who either eat a lot of bean or tofu products or who eat none of either products were less likely to have dandruff than those who did not. According to the study result, it can be concluded that 'Good Eating Habit' is not only an important factor in maintaing skin in good health, but also in maintaining overall good health. Following guidelines on eating habits that helps skin remain in good condition can be derived from the study results. First, eating breakfast regularly with lots of fruits helps to increase the skin moisture content, which is one of the factors that determine skin health. Second, stress and dining outside reduction can help increase the skin moisture content. Third, the habit of skipping meals, salty and spicy foods and excessive intake of instant foods cause acne eruption. Fourth, sweet foods such as candies or chocolate cause melasma. Fifth, excessive intake of soft drinks cause keratinization of skin. Sixth, fast foods, fried or oily foods cause faces to become more reddish in skin tone. Seventh, spicy and salty foods can cause faces to turn more yellowish in skin tone. Eighth, eating a lot of vegetables can prevent alopecia and eating more fish can strengthen nails.

유아의 아침결식에 따른 식습관 및 비만도에 대한 연구

유연희 중앙대학교 교육대학원 2023 국내석사

본 연구의 목적은 식습관이 형성되는 유아기를 대상으로 아침결식의 실태와 아침결식과 식습관 및 비만에 미치는 영향을 분석하여, 아침 식사의 중요성을 인식하고 올바른 식습관 형성을 위한 기초자료를 제공하는 것이다. 연구 대상은 만 3세에서 5세 사이의 유아 278명의 데이터를 수집 하였다. 아침결식에 대한 구분은 일주일 중, 오전 간식(10시)전까지 아침 식사 횟수가 주 5회 초과한 경우 '식사군', 5회 이하로 아침을 먹지 않은 경우 '결식군’으로 분류하였다. 유아와 부모의 일반사항 및 아침 결식실태를 알아보고, 아침결식과 식습관에 대한 비교는 가족의 식사정도, 식사 규칙성, 비만에 영향을 주는 요인, 식사 예절, 식사 태도, 편식으로 분류하였다. 아침결식과 비만에 대한 비교는 체질량지수 (BMI: Body Mass Index)를 구하고, 유아와 부모의 비만 분포와 체형을 아침결식 여부와 비교하여 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 첫째, 부모의 아침결식과 유아의 아침결식은 정적인 상관관계가 나타났으며 아침 식사 준비자는 대부분 '어머니’로 나타났다. 둘째, 유아의 아침결식과 식습관에 대한 결과는 식사군일 경우 식사의 규칙성, 편식이 없는 식습관, 식사 예절, 식사 태도, 식품 선호도에 점수가 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 결식군의 경우 식사군에 비해 식습관에 대한 점수가 낮게 나왔다. 셋째, 유아의 아침결식과 비만과의 관계에서는 식사군에 비해 결식군이 '음료수를 좋아하며 매일 먹는다’는 문항과 비만과의 관계를 나타내는 문항에서 높은 점수가 나오는 것으로 보여졌다. 넷째, 아침결식에 따른 비만도를 확인하기에 앞서 유아와 부모의 비만의 유전적인 요인을 확인한 결과 부모의 비만도에 따른 유아의 결식군과 식사군의 연관성은 낮게 나왔다. 본 연구를 통해 아침결식은 유아의 식습관에 영향을 주었다. 건강한 성장을 위해서는 올바른 식습관을 형성하고 비만을 예방할 수 있도록 해야하며 유아와 학부모에게 아침 식사 식습관의 중요성을 인식시킬 수 있도록 하는 것이 중요할 것이다. 본 연구를 통해 유아의 올바른 식습관을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있으리라고 생각된다. The purpose of this study was to target early childhood when eating habits are formed and analyze the current status of skipping breakfast and the influence of skipping breakfast on eating habits and obesity. This study also recognized the importance of breakfast and provided base data to develop proper eating habits. Data was collected from 278 children aged 3 to 5 years old. To classify the children skipping breakfast, the research participants were categorized between a ‘breakfast group’ if they ate breakfast more than 5 times a week before the morning snack time and a ‘breakfast skipping group’ if they ate breakfast less than 5 times a week. The general details of the children and their parents and breakfast skipping status were examined and their ways of skipping breakfast and eating habits were categorized by the family meal standards, meal regularity, influential factors of obesity, table manners, eating attitude, and unbalanced diet. Skipping breakfast and obesity were compared by identifying the body mass index (BMI), and the obesity index and the body types of the children and their parents were compared with skipping breakfast for the analysis. First, there was a correlation between the parents skipping breakfast and children skipping breakfast, and ‘mothers’ mostly prepared the breakfast meals. Second, the findings about the children skipping breakfast and eating habits showed that the breakfast group had the highest for meal regularity, eating habits without an unbalanced diet, table manners, and eating attitude. However, the breakfast skipping group had low scores for eating habits compared to the breakfast group. Second, the relationship between the children skipping breakfast and obesity showed high scores for the breakfast group compared to the breakfast skipping group for the question ‘enjoy beverages and drink it daily’ and the question that represents relativity with obesity. Fourth, the genetic factors of obesity for the children and parents were identified before verifying the obesity index followed by skipping breakfast, and there was a low relevance between the obesity of the parents with the children in the breakfast skipping group and the breakfast group. The results showed that skipping breakfast caused influence on the children’s eating habits. Children need to develop proper eating habits and prevent obesity to grow healthily. It is important to remind children and their parents about the importance of eating breakfast. This study can be applied as base data for the proper eating habits of children.

경기 일부지역 영유아의 문제 식행동에 영향을 미치는 요인 조사

윤슬기 수원대학교 대학원 2020 국내석사

영양교육이 초등학생의 영양지식, 식생활태도 및 잔반량에 미치는 영향

장지영 고신대학교 교육대학원 2004 국내석사

본 연구는 다음과 같이 진행되었다. 초등학생의 영양교육 효과 및 필요성을 확인하고 체계적인 영양교육을 활성화를 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 부산시 소재 G초등학교의 6학년 5개 반 중 2개 반을 통제집단으로 두고 3개 반을 교육집단으로 하여 2주 4회 동안 개발된 영양교육 프로그램으로 매회 40분씩 교육을 실시하였다. 두 집단 간의 영양지식, 식습관 태도, 잔반량의 변화를 사전, 사후, 추후 비교한 결과는 다음과 같다. 교육집단과 비교육집단의 영양지식 전체점수는 유의적인 차이는 없었으나 점진적으로 향상되었음을 알 수 있었다. 교육집단과 비교육집단의 식생활 태도 전체점수 역시 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 교육집단은 사전검사 보다 사후검사에서 식생활 태도가 낮아졌으나 추후검사에서는 사전검사의 수준으로 증가한 경향이었다. 교육집단의 경우 잔반량의 변화는 유의적인 차이를 나타내었고 비교육집단은 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 비록 2주 4회(매회 40분씩)의 단기간의 영양교육에서 영양지식과 식생활 태도의 전체 점수는 유의성이 없었으나 영양지식과 식생활태도의 몇 가지 문항에서 유의적인 차이를 나타내었고, 특히 잔반량은 유의적으로 큰 변화를 나타내어 교육의 효과가 있었음을 입증해주었다. 앞으로 보다 지속적이고 체계적인 영양교육을 통한 반복적인 학습이 이루어진다면 아동들은 올바른 식습관을 형성하여 바람직한 식생활을 영위하게 될 것이다. 아동의 영양개선을 위해서는 가장 중요한 것은 올바른 식습관 형성이다. 이를 위해서는 영양교육 실시체계확립, 영양교육을 위한 교재 및 매체 개발 보급, 영양교육실시에 대한 학교의 적극적인 협조 등의 제도적인 뒷받침과 보다 효과적인 영양교육 프로그램이 개발, 보급되어야 할 것이며 영양교육의 효과를 판정하기 위한 평가 도구의 개발이 우선되어야 하겠다. This study was conducted as the following. In order to identify the effects and necessities of elementary schools' nutrition classes and to provide a basic information for systemic education programs, two out of five sixth grade classes in G Elementary School in Pusan, Korea were set up as the control group and the remaining three classes as the educated group to participate in four sessions within two weeks 40 minutes a session. The pre-, post-, and after-tests for the comparison of data collected for the knowledge, eating habits and intake of condiments of the two groups are as shown below. The overall test of the two groups did not show significant differences, but the gap between them increased gradually. The eating habits of the two groups did not show significant differences as well. However, the educated group shown a lower post-test result in eating habits than the pre-test result, but the result increased again for the after-test. The educated group shows a significant change in the intake of condiments, while the uneducated group did not. Although there was no significant change in the overall test of the nutritional knowledge and eating habits after the four short-term education sessions of two weeks (40 minutes/session), some questionnaires pertaining to the nutritional knowledge and eating habits were significantly influenced. In particular, the intake of condiments saw a drastic change to prove the effectiveness of the education sessions. Therefore, it can be concluded that if the education on nutrition can be implemented constantly and systematically, the children will be able to develop desirable eating habits to maintain proper intake of nutrients. The most important element for the improvement of nutritional conditions of the children is proper eating habits. To secure this element, the schools shall devote active cooperation in establishing good systems for education on nutrition, distributing appropriate textbooks and instructions, and implementing education programs and the community shall develop and provide more effective education programs. Additionally, an evaluation tool for the test of the effectiveness of the education programs shall be developed in the first place.

청소년의 식생활 태도와 패스트푸드의 섭취 실태

박나리 건국대학교 교육대학원 2009 국내석사

This study was conducted for the purpose of collecting data as well as related information which is to contribute to nutrition education for teenagers, as it has been noted that teenagers' inclination toward fast food diet grows constantly in recent years. The immediate object of this study was to survey and examine teenagers' eating habits as well as their fast food diets on regular basis. The result of the study is aimed at educating teenagers how to establish healthy and nutritious diet along with fast food and to promote them to realize its importance. The survey was executed at two high schools in Seoul chosen by researchers, targeting both male and female students, freshmen and juniors only. Questionnaires were directly handed out to and recovered from interviewees as well as secured by researchers on site. Questions were designed to understand and evaluate teenagers' general life style, eating habits, fast food diet and reliance on fast food; frequency analysis and crosstabulation analysis were then performed in order to assess the importance of nutrition education for teenagers. The majority of respondents answered they have all three meals a day in regards to a question asking whether or not skipping a meal on general basis. A dominant reason for skipping a meal was "Don't have time to eat." Gender showed a noticeable difference in response to the given question. Most interviewees called themselves "Not picky with food," but the difference was noted depending on whether their parents were both working. Main reason for 'picky diet' was "Not tastes good." Most responded they regularly enjoy themselves with late night snack after dinner. In regards to the question of 'late-night snack,' only those who with a mother as a sole household income source answered "No" more than "Yes." Reason for 'late-night snack' was "Hungry," while based on dwelling type, students 'living alone' seemed relatively more inclined for late-night snack after watching TV commercials; teenagers with more than \ 80,000 of monthly allowance were also likely to eat again late at night. Asked why frequenting fast food restaurants, a dominant response was "Delicious"; according to dwelling type, most teenagers 'living alone' characterized their preference as 'its prompt accessibility,' while those who 'living with relatives' cited its conveniences. Meaningful difference were present in accordance with the amount of allowances as well. To the question upon propriety of fast food as a regular meal, the answer, "Fairly proper," slightly topped the list, while female respondents appeared noticeably favorable than male counterparts to the question within significance level. Asked of the relationship between fast food and health issue, "Bad for health" scored highest, while female students expressed more negative opinions upon the same question comparing to male within significance level. Twice as many respondents admitted that they were not aware of unbalanced nutrition of fast food as those who said they were, while more than half of interviewees answered "No" when asked of their knowledge on the nutrition value of fast food. Analysis on the relevance between the category of dinner habits and fast food dietary frequency showed following results; most respondents who 'dine out' said they eat fast food 'once or twice a week' followed by 'once or twice a month,' and those who 'eat dinner at home' replied they encounter with fast food 'once or twice a month' the most followed by 'once or twice a week,' while interviewees who 'rely on school meal' exhibited the same order of answers with those who eat dinner at home. Analysis on the relation between snack eating habits and fast food dietary frequency demonstrated followings; the most students with snack eating habits enjoy themselves with fast food 'once or twice a month' followed by 'once or twice a week,' while respondents without snack eating habits said 'once or twice a month' the most followed by 'once or twice a week' and 'less than once a month' accordingly. 본 연구는 청소년들의 패스트푸드 이용이 높아짐에 따라 식생활 태도와 패스트푸드 이용실태를 파악하여 청소년들에게 패스트푸드를 올바르게 섭취 할 수 있도록 영양지식을 교육할 필요성을 인식시키는데 필요한 자료를 얻고자 함을 목적으로 한다. 본 조사는 서울 시내 남녀고등학교 2곳을 선정하여 1, 2학년 남녀 고등학생을 대상으로 설문지 배부, 회수 하여 일반적 특성, 식생활 태도와 패스트푸드 이용실태, 식생활 태도에 따른 패스트푸드의 이용실태, 영양교육 필요성에 대해서 분석하기 위하여 빈도분석과 교차분석을 실시하였다. 조사대상자의 식생활 태도 중 하루에 식사를 안 하는 때와 관련하여 학생의 과반수가 세끼 모두 다 먹는다고 응답하였다. 식사를 거르는 이유로는 '시간이 없어서'가 가장 높게 나타났다. 학생의 성별로 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. 학생의 편식 정도는 거의 안한다가 높았고, 맞벌이별로 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. 편식을 하는 이유로는 '맛이 없어서'가 가장 높게 나타났다. 저녁 식사 후 밤늦게 간식을 자주 한다는 응답이 높게 나타났다. 이와 관련하여 맞벌이별로 어머니만 직업이 있는 가정에서는 '아니오' 응답이 높아 유의적인 차이가 있었다. 간식을 하는 이유로 ‘배가 고파서’가 가장 많은 응답을 보였으며, 이와 관련하여 거주형태별로는 자취하는 학생의 경우 TV광고를 보고 먹고 싶어 간식을 한다는 응답이 상대적으로 높게 차지해 유의적인 차이가 있었으며, 한 달 용돈별로 8만원이상에서 습관이 되어서 간식을 한다는 응답이 상대적으로 높아 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 패스트푸드점을 이용하는 이유로는 음식의 '맛이 좋아서'가 가장 높게 나타났다. 이 결과 거주형태별로는 자취하는 학생의 경우 음식을 빨리 섭취할 수 있어서라는 응답과 친척집에 거주하는 학생의 경우 음식이 먹기 편해서라는 응답이 상대적으로 높게 차지해 유의적인 차이가 있었으며, 한 달 용돈별에서도 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 패스트푸드가 한 끼 식사대용으로 적당한가에 대한 조사 결과 비교적 적당하다는 응답이 소수 높았다. 성별로는 남학생보다는 여학생이 적당하다는 응답이 높아 유의수준 차이를 보였다. 패스트푸드가 몸에 어떠하다고 생각하는가에 대한 조사 결과 나쁘다고 생각한다고 응답한 비율이 가장 높았고 여학생이 패스트푸드가 건강에 도움이 되지 않는다는 부정적 인식을 하는 경우가 높았으며 이는 유의수준 차이를 보였다. 패스트푸드의 영양적 균형을 알고 섭취하는가 에서는 설문에 응답한 학생의 과반이 모르고 섭취한다고 응답해 알고 섭취한다는 응답에 비해 두 배 정도 높게 나타났다. 여학생이 패스트푸드의 영양적 균형에 대해 모르고 섭취하는 경우가 높게 나타나 유의수준 차이를 보였다. 조사 대상자의 저녁식사 해결과 패스트푸드 이용횟수에 따른 차이를 분석한 결과는 저녁식사 해결과 관련하여 사먹는다 인 경우 일주일에 1∼2번, 한 달에 1∼2번 순, 집에서 해결 한다 인 경우 한 달에 1∼2번, 일주일에 1∼2번 순, 학교 급식을 먹는다. 인 경우 한 달에 1∼2번, 일주일에 1∼2번 순 으로 유의미한 차이가 있었다. 조사 대상자의 간식섭취와 패스트푸드 이용횟수에 따른 차이를 분석한 결과는 간식섭취와 관련하여 한다 인 경우 한 달에 1∼2번, 일주일에 1∼2번 순, 안 한다 인 경우 한 달에 1∼2번, 일주일에 1∼2번, 한 달에 1회 이하 순으로 유의미한 차이가 있었다.

20-50대 성인의 스마트폰 어플리케이션을 통한 식품구매활동이 식습관에 미치는 영향

박가람 연세대학교 교육대학원 2020 국내석사

본 연구는 20-50대 성인 남녀 300명을 대상으로 스마트폰 앱(App)을 통한 식품구매활동이 식습관에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 설문지법으로 인구통계학적 특성과 스마트폰 앱(App)을 통한 식품 주문 특성, 스마트폰 앱(App) 사용자와 비 사용자간의 식품 주문(구매)속성, 식생활 라이프스타일, 식습관을 비교 분석 하여 영양적인 측면을 평가하고자 한다. 두 그룹간의 인구통계학적 특성비교에서 스마트폰 앱(App)을 통해 식품을 주문하는 소비자의 최종학력이 더 높고, 월 평균 소득과 월 평균 식비 지출을 더 많은 것으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 스마트폰 앱(App) 사용 여부에 따라 비교한 결과 식품 주문(구매)속성에서 기업선택영역, 식생활 라이프스타일 분석에서 건강추구형, 미각추구형, 유행추구형, 안전추구형, 식습관 비교에서 식사태도 요인들이 앱(App)사용자에게서 점수가 더 높게 나타나 두 그룹간의 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 식품 주문(구매) 방법에 따라 차이가 있는 지 조사하고자 스마트폰 앱(App)사용자를 대상으로 앱(App)으로 식품을 주문할 때와 오프라인(시장/마트) 으로 식품을 구매할 때의 주문(구매)빈도를 비교 하였다. 채소류, 과일류, 육류, 어패류, 떡류, 빵류, 과자 및 캔디류의 경우 오프라인(마트/시장)을 통한 구매가 더 많은 것으로 유의미하게 나타났다. 반면, 면류의 경우 스마트폰 앱(App)을 통한 주문이 더 많은 것으로 유의미하게 나타났다. 스마트폰 앱(App) 이용 전과 후 식품의 소비가 얼만큼 증가 하였는지 빈도 분석한 결과 반조리용 간편식과 가공식품의 소비가 스마트폰 앱(App)이용 후 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 연령과 가족의 형태에 따라 스마트폰 앱(App)을 통해 주문하는 식품과 이용 전과 후를 분석한 결과 주문 하는 식품에서는 반조리용 간편식 주문이 ‘30-39세’에서 가장 많은 것으로 유의미한 차이를 보였고, 가족의 형태에 따라 신선 편의식품이 ‘3세대 가족’에서 가장 많이 주문하는 것으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 스마트폰 앱(App) 이용 전과 후에서는 조리용 간편식이 ‘20-29세’에서 소비가 증가한 것으로 유의미하게 나타났다. 스마트폰 앱(App)을 통한 식품구매행태 요인들이 식습관에 미치는 영향을 다중회귀분석한 결과 앱(App)을 통한 식품 주문 시 어패류와 오프라인(시장/마트)을 통한 식품 구매 시 과일류의 구매가 증가할수록 식습관에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 유의미하게 나타났다. 식품주문 속성에서는 기업선택영역의 점수가 높을수록 식생활 라이프스타일에서는 건강추구형 일수록 식습관에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 유의미하게 나타났다. 반면, 간편을 추구할수록 식습관에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 유의미하게 나타났다. 본 연구 결과에서 스마트폰 앱(App)을 통한 식품 구매활동이 식습관에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타난 것을 미루어 볼 때, 스마트폰 앱(App)을 통한 식품 구매 시 올바른 식품 선택과 바람직한 식습관 형성을 위한 체계적인 영양 교육이 필요하다고 사료된다. 또한 점차 증가하고 있는 스마트폰 앱(App)을 통한 식품 구매활동시장의 방향에 대한 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다. The purpose of this study is to identify the influences that the purchase of food through smartphone applications by male and female adults between the 20s and 50s exerts on their food life. With a questionnaire-based survey, the study assesses the nutritional aspects by making a comparative analysis on the demographic characteristics, and the traits revealed the purchasing of food through smartphone applications, the traits shown in the ordering (purchasing) of food, dietary lifestyles, and eating habits as demonstrated by users or non-users of smartphone applications. The comparison of the demographic characteristics of the two groups showed a significant difference, in that the consumers who ordered food through smartphone applications were better-educated, earned more monthly, and spent more on food each month. The comparison of the two groups, focusing on whether people were using smartphone applications or not, showed significant differences, in that the app users scored higher in the factor of ‘as through a selected business’ in the category of food ordering (purchasing), in the factors of ‘health-oriented’, ‘taste-oriented’, ‘trendoriented’, and ‘safety-oriented’ in the category of dietary lifestyle, and ‘eating attitude’ in the category of eating habit. To see if there is any difference according to the food ordering (purchasing) method, the study has compared the frequency of the ordering of food through applications and the ordering (purchasing) of food from online outlets (markets and megastores) by the smartphone users. The respondents purchased significantly more substantial quantities of vegetables, fruits, meats, seafood and shellfish, rice cakes, bread, and candies from offline outlets (markets and megastores). In contrast, the survey respondents ordered larger quantities of noodles through their smartphone applications. The frequency analysis, which saw how much the food consumption increased between before and after the use of the smartphone applications, showed that the consumption of home meal replacements and processed food increased with the use of the smartphone applications. The comparison of the food as ordered through the smartphone applications between before and after the use of smartphone applications by age and type of family showed the significant difference that found the home meal replacements ordered the most by those in their 30s and that families with three generations ordered fresh food the most. Between before and after the use of the smartphone applications, those respondents in their 20s consumed significantly more home meal replacements. The multiple regression analysis on the effects that the factors involved in the purchasing of food through smartphone applications showed that the use of the apps exerted more significant influence on the eating habit when more seafood and shellfish was ordered through the apps and when more fruits were ordered from offline outlets (markets and megastores). In the category of food order, higher scores in the factor of selected business and more health-oriented in the category of dietary lifestyle exerted a positive influence on eating habits. Meanwhile, the survey showed that the greater convenience the respondents sought, it exerted a significantly higher adverse effect on eating habits. Judging from the fact that this study has shown that the purchasing of food through smartphone applications influences eating habits, systematic nutrition education designed to ensure the selection of correct food and develop a desirable eating habit is necessary. Furthermore, this study wants to provide necessary data about the trend of the smartphone application-based food purchase market, which is gradually expanding.