인라인 스케이팅 시 에너지 소비량 추정에 관한 연구

서상현 연세대학교 교육대학원 2007 국내석사

The purpose of the present study was to forecast the volume of energy expenditure at inline skating, by measuring variables of respiratory gas analysis, and deducing energy expenditure equation using multiple regression analysis.More than 20 years old, 126 healthy, moderately active volunteers, who have ability to achieve exercise to the end, were studied.In this study, VO2 and heart rate were estimated when doing inline skating for 20 minutes at 16km/h, and multiple regression analysis was conducted to gain equation of VO2 and energy expenditure volume. Research results are same as following.First, to finding variables having significant static concern in VO2 correlation analysis was used in male group. Factors effecting VO2 and energy expenditure were body weight(r=.570) and heart rate(r=.364). Multiple regression analysis showed following equation that is able to forecast VO2. This regression equation explain VO2 of 42.6% in inline skating.Y = -1.171 + .035(X1) + .008(X2)Y: Oxygen uptake, X1: Body weight(kg), X2: Heart rate(beat/min)Secondly, to finding variables having significant static concern in VO2 correlation analysis was used in female group. Factors effecting VO2 and energy expenditure were body weight(r=.570) and heart rate(r=.557). Multiple regression analysis showed following equation that is able to forecast VO2. This regression equation explain VO2 of 44.0% in inline skating.Y = -2.473 + .017(X1) + .005(X3)Y: Oxygen uptake, X1: Body weight(kg), X2: Heart rate(beat/min)Thirdly, to finding variables having significant static concern in energy expenditure correlation analysis was used in male group. Factors effecting energy expenditure and energy expenditure were body weight(r=.344) and heart rate(r=.479). Multiple regression analysis showed following equation that is able to forecast energy expenditure. This regression equation explain energy expenditure of 32.3% in inline skating.Y = -4.564 + .988(X1) + .744(X2)Y: Energy expenditure, X1: Body weight(kg), X2: Heart rate(beat/min)Fourth, to finding variables having significant static concern in energy expenditure correlation analysis was used in male group. Factors effecting energy expenditure and energy expenditure were body weight(r=.593) and heart rate(r=.724). Multiple regression analysis showed following equation that is able to forecast energy expenditure. This regression equation explain energy expenditure of 57.1% in inline skating.Y = 4.648 + 1.008(X1) + .781(X2)Y: Energy expenditure, X1: Body weight(kg), X2: Heart rate(beat/min)Though, as factors which effect on VO2 and energy expenditure, height, weight and heart rate were adopted in this study, the research including variable factors is needed for precise presumption of VO2 and energy expenditure. And, to verify reliability of regression equation that is out of this study, similar experiments were needed. 본 연구의 목적은 우리나라 성인 남, 녀를 대상으로 인라인 스케이팅 시 호흡 Gas 분석에 의한 변인(VO2)과 심박수(HR)를 실험을 통하여 측정하고, 다중회귀분석을 이용한 에너지 소비량 추정식을 도출하여, 운동 현장에서 활용할 수 있는 에너지 소비량 추정 방법을 제시하는 것에 있다.연구의 대상자는 주당 3시간 이상 정기적인 신체활동에 참여하며 의학적 소견이 없는 건강한 20세 이상의 성인 남녀 중, 실험의 목적 및 절차, 주의사항 등에 관하여 교육을 실시한 후 자발적인 참여 의사를 밝힌 126명(남: 66, 여: 60)을 대상으로, 본 실험에서 제시되는 운동을 끝까지 수행할 수 있는 신체능력을 갖춘 자로 선정하였다.본 실험은 Transmitter(Polar, S610TM, Finland)와 휴대용 Gas 분석기(Cortex, MetaMax 3B, Germany)를 이용하여 16km/h의 속도로 20분간 인라인 스케이팅 시, 산소섭취량(VO2)과 심박수(HR)를 측정하고 산소섭취량과 에너지 소비량의 추정식을 구하기 위하여 다중회귀분석을 하였다.본 연구를 통하여 얻은 결론은 다음과 같다.첫째, 인라인 스케이팅 시 남자집단의 산소섭취량(VO2)에 유의한 정적 상관을 가지는 변인을 알아보기 위하여 상관분석을 실시하였다. 산소섭취량에 영향을 미치는 변인으로는 체중(r=.570)과 심박수(r=.364)이였으며, 다중회귀분석 결과 산소섭취량을 추정하는 회귀식은 다음과 같다. 이 회귀식은 인라인 스케이팅 시 산소섭취량을 42.6% 설명하는 것으로 나타났다.Y = -1.171 + .035(X1) + .008(X2)Y: 산소섭취량, X1: 체중(kg), X2: 심박수(beat/min)둘째, 인라인 스케이팅 시 여자집단의 산소섭취량(VO2)에 유의한 정적 상관을 가지는 변인을 알아보기 위하여 상관분석을 실시하였다. 산소섭취량에 영향을 미치는 변인으로는 체중(r=.570)과 심박수(r=.557)이였으며, 다중회귀분석 결과 산소섭취량을 추정하는 회귀식은 다음과 같다. 이 회귀식은 인라인 스케이팅 시 산소섭취량을 44.0% 설명하는 것으로 나타났다.Y = -2.473 + .017(X1) + .005(X3)Y: 산소섭취량, X1: 체중(kg), X2: 심박수(beat/min)셋째, 인라인 스케이팅 시 남자집단의 에너지 소비량에 유의한 정적 상관을 가지는 변인을 알아보기 위하여 상관분석을 실시하였다. 에너지 소비량에 영향을 미치는 변인으로는 체중(r=.344)과 심박수(r=.479)이였으며, 다중회귀분석 결과 산소섭취량을 추정하는 회귀식은 다음과 같다. 이 회귀식은 인라인 스케이팅 시 산소섭취량을 32.2% 설명하는 것으로 나타났다.Y = -4.564 + .988(X1) + .744(X2)Y: 에너지 소비량, X1: 체중(kg), X2: 심박수(beat/min)넷째, 인라인 스케이팅 시 여자집단의 에너지 소비량에 유의한 정적 상관을 가지는 변인을 알아보기 위하여 상관분석을 실시하였다. 에너지 소비량에 영향을 미치는 변인으로는 체중(r=.593)과 심박수(r=.724)이였으며, 다중회귀분석 결과 산소섭취량을 추정하는 회귀식은 다음과 같다. 이 회귀식은 인라인 스케이팅 시 산소섭취량을 57.1% 설명하는 것으로 나타났다.Y = 4.648 + 1.008(X1) + .781(X2)Y: 에너지 소비량, X1: 체중(kg), X2: 심박수(beat/min)본 연구에서는 인라인 스케이팅 시 산소섭취량(VO2)과 에너지 소비량에 영향을 미치는 요인으로서 신장, 체중, 심박수만을 변인으로 채택하였으나, 보다 정확한 산소섭취량과 에너지 소비량 추정을 위해서는 다양한 변인(숙련도, 연령, 체지방 또는 BMI 등)들이 포함된 연구가 필요할 것이다. 그리고 본 연구 결과에서 제시한 회귀식의 신뢰도를 검증하기 위해서 추후의 연구에서는 본 연구와 동일한 과정으로 실험하여, 본 연구에서 제시한 회귀식의 적합성을 검증받아야 할 것으로 사료된다.

부동산투자회사(REITs) 수익률 영향요인 분석

김상석 충북대학교 2018 국내박사

Abstract This study examines 110 REITs approved and operated between 2011 and 2016 that are available for return analysis. Contributing factors to return rate are analyzed through Multiple Regression Analysis and Structural Vector Autoregressive(SVAR) Model. Dividend yield and return on equity (ROE) are analyzed through three Multiple Regression Analysis Models each. The three models have independent variables such as REITs operation and building characteristic, macro economy, and listing. Model Ⅰ has additional variables of REITs type and location. Model Ⅱ has additional building use type while Model Ⅲ has all of REITs type, location, and building use type. All three models of dividend yield show significant causal relationship of REITs operation variables(including capital, operation period, asset manager) and REITs building characteristic (the number of stories in building). Bigger capital and longer operation period bigger dividend yield. On the other hand, more asset managers and more the number of stories in REITs building work negatively for dividend yield. In ROE, all three models show significant correlation of REITs operation variables (including capital, operation period), REITs building charactersitic variable ((the number of stories in building) and land price index. Bigger capital and longer operation period bigger ROE. In contrary, more the number of stories in REITs building work negatively. Land price index does not have any statistical significance on dividend yield, while it works negatively for ROE in all three models. Based on the above result, this study finds that REITs capital, operation period and the number of stories in REITs building have an impact on dividend yield and ROE in all six models. The analysis results of dividend yield and ROE based on REITs types and locations show that Development-oriented REITs and REITs in GBD have high returns. Next, this study sets a SVAR model with REITs return rate, economic growth (GDP), interest rate, and house price index as variables to examine the correlation between REITs return, macro economy, and house price index. The result shows meaningful correlation. First, looking at the coefficient, returns are affected by current and previous house price index. Second, Impulse Response Function, one of the important tools of VAR, is used to find out that economic growth leads to high REITs returns. Interest rate increase has negative impact to return while house price increase has positive one. This result correlates to the fact that current and previous house price index affects REITs returns. When REITs returns grow, interest rate decreases and house price index increases which means housing market and REITs market work positively for mutual growth. Third, result of Variance Decomposition shows that change of REITs return explains itself at 59% in the short term and 51% in the long term. GDP change (short 17%, long 22%) and housing market change (short 23%, long 22%) also explain a big portion. Macro economic variables such as economic growth and interest rate do no show significant correlation to dividend yield and ROE in Multiple Regression Analysis, but in Impolse Response Function, their increase affects REITs returns positively or negatively. Especially, SVAR analysis shows house price index (once removed from variable because of its multicollinearity to land price in multiple regression analysis) correlates with REITs returns. This study bears its significance in two aspects. First, the common factors on influencing REITs dividend yield and ROE are analyzed at the same time to find statistically important significance. It also defines that the variables that are not statistically important significance still have the same direction in their coefficients. Second, analysis of returns improves when Multiple Regression Analysis for causal relation and Time Series data for correlation are used at the same time. This study suggest the following implications. First, in policy making, for the Korean REITs market to grow, "one-product and one-operator" should be avoided for this type of operation only liquidates itself in a short period. Portfolio should be diversified to "multiple-product and one-operator" for bigger capital and longer operation period. For this to happen, small-scale REITs can be integrated into one large-scale REIT for public offering and listing. Tax issues in case of merger should be tacked through better legal framework. Second, REITs, as it is based on real estate property, are not much related to financial products such as stock and interest rate etc. So to manage risk, investors should diversify portfolio by investing in REITs and other financial products. This study has its limitations. Returns can vary depending on capacity of asset management company and investment advisor, but this study does not examine this in-depth. In future I hope that this related studies will be conducted.

국가연구개발사업 지불의사에 미치는 영향요인 연구

송준석 서울대학교 행정대학원 2014 국내석사

This study analyzes the influence factor in willingness to pay (WTP) for national research and development (R&D) program as government policy. This study especially examines whether one’s WTP can be influenced by positive or negative understanding about national R&D programs including importance of R&D, necessity and effectiveness of the national R&D programs, and possible benefits from such programs. The data set for this analysis was collected from the ‘Marine Science and Technology Survey’ which the Research & Research conducted to estimate the WTP for marine science and technology (MST) R&D programs under the MST Roadmap for 2012-2020 by using contingent valuation method (CVM), commissioned by the Ministry of Land, Transport & Maritime Affairs (MLTM) in 2012. In order to identify the relationship between the independent and dependant variables, the following data analysis methodologies are used: the cross-tabulation analysis, the multiple regression analysis using the Ordinary Least-Squares (OLS) method and the Tobit regression analysis. In this study, the dependent variable is WTP for the government MST R&D programs, while the independent variables are the degree of contact with government policies and the policy understanding about the MST R&D programs which will include the following 7 types of understandings: national importance of MST; national importance of marine industry (MI) influence of MST on MI and national economy; leading sector of MST R&D – the government or the private sector - necessity and effectiveness of the government MST R&D programs and household benefits from the MST R&D programs. Besides, the following seven socio-demographic characteristics are set as the control variables in the phase of multi regression and Tobit regression analyses that might have an impact on the WTP according to the theory and previous studies: sex; age; academic achievement income; region of residence – coastal area or inland area - and any involvement in MST related occupations of one and one’s family. Based on this, the study forms two research hypotheses: the first hypothesis is that the WTP varies depending on policy understanding of MST and the government MST R&D programs and the second hypothesis is that the WTP varies depending on the degree of contact with government policies related to marine science and technology. In order to verify the first hypothesis specifically, this study also builds seven sub-hypotheses about the relationships between the WTP and seven types of detailed policy understandings. The result of cross-tabulation analysis shows that there is a difference in the WTP depending on the degree of contact with government policies and policy understandings. The results of multiple regression analysis and Tobit regression analysis show that the policy understandings related to the necessity and effectiveness of the government MST R&D programs and the household benefits from the MST R&D programs as well as the degree of contact with government policies have statistically significant influence on the WTP. Regression analyses also show that sex, income, region of residence and one’s involvement in the MST sector have an influence on the WTP. The results of analyses suggest policy implication as follows. First, even in a specialized policy area such as national R&D programs, the more positive policy understanding and closer contact with government policies a citizen has, the more public support with higher WTP and the greater policy validity the government can secure. Moreover, a citizen is a Homo-economicus who decides upon his WTP based on the understandings of necessity, effectiveness of and benefits from the policy itself such as R&D programs rather than a target area of the policy such as science and technology. Finally, the government should enforce a policy by adopting not a supply-oriented approach but a demand-oriented approach in such a specialized policy area as R&D. To this end, the government has to take various measures to enhance the public understandings about detailed government policies and actively reflect the public demand and benefits onto its policies by identifying them at various explanation sessions, public hearings and analysis on policy demand throughout the course of policy development and implementation. 본 연구에서는 국가연구개발사업이라는 정부 정책에 대한 개인의 지불의사에 영향을 미치는 요인에 대하여 분석하였다. 특히, 국가연구개발사업에 대한 정책인식도, 즉 연구개발의 중요도, 국가연구개발사업의 필요성, 효과성과 사업추진으로 인한 혜택 등에 대한 긍정적 또는 부정적 인식이 정책 지불의사에 영향을 미칠 수 있는지를 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해, 본 연구는 2012년 구)국토해양부(현 해양수산부)가 조건부가치측정법(CVM)을 활용하여2012년부터 2020년까지의 해양과학기술로드맵에 따른 해양과학기술 연구개발사업에 대한 지불의사를 추정하기 위해 (주)리서치앤리서치에 의뢰하여 수행한 ‘해양과학기술에 대한 국민의식 조사’ 자료를 분석에 활용하였다. 분석 기법으로는 독립변수와 종속변수 사이의 관계를 알아보기 위해 교차분석과 최소자승법(OLS)에의한 다중회귀분석 및 토빗회귀분석을 실시하였다.독립변수로는 해양과학기술 연구개발사업에 대한 정책인식도로써 해양과학기술의 국가적 중요도, 해양산업의 국가적 중요도, 해양과학기술의 해양산업 및 국가경제에 대한 영향력, 해양과학기술 연구개발 주도부문(정부 또는 민간), 정부의 해양과학기술 연구개발사업 추진의 필요성과 효과성 및 가구 혜택에 관한 7가지 유형의 인식도와 정부 해양 및 과학기술 정책의 접촉 정도를 포함하여 8가지 변수를 설정하였고, 정부의 해양과학기술 연구개발사업에 대한 지불의사를 종속변수로 설정하였다. 한편, 이론과 선행연구에 의해 지불의사에 영향을 줄 수 있는 성별,연령, 학력, 소득, 거주지(내륙 지자체 또는 해안 지자체), 본인의 해양 및 과학기술 분야 종사여부, 주변인(가족·친척·친구)의 해양 및 과학기술 분야 종사여부 등의 7가지 인구사회학적 특성을 다중회귀분석 및 토빗회귀분석 단계에서의 통제변수로 설정하였다. 이와 같은 변수 구성을 토대로, 본 연구는 정부의 해양과학기술 연구개발사업에 대한 정책인식도의 차이에 따라 지불의사가 달라질 것이라는 첫 번째 가설과 정부의 해양 및 과학기술 정책에 대한 접촉 정도의 차이에 따라 지불의사가 달라질 것이라는 두 번째 가설을 설정하였다. 특히, 첫 번째 가설은 해양과학기술 연구개발사업 관련 유형별 정책인식도의 차이에 따라 지불의사가 달라질 것이라는 7개의 세부 가설로 구성되었다. 교차분석 결과, 해양과학기술 연구개발사업에 관한 정책인식도와 정부의 해양 및 과학기술 정책에 대한 접촉 정도의 차이가 있는 경우 지불의사에도 차이가 있는 것으로 분석되었다.가설 검증을 위한 다중회귀분석 및 토빗회귀분석 결과, 정부의 해양과학기술 연구개발사업의 필요성과 효과성, 정부의 해양과학기술 연구개발사업 추진으로 인한 응답자 가구의 혜택에 관한 정책인식도와 정부의 관련 정책에 대한 접촉 정도가 지불의사에 통계적으로 유의미하게 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 인구사회학적 요인 중에서는 성별, 소득, 거주지,본인의 해양 및 과학기술 분야 종사여부가 지불의사에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다.  앞서 살펴본 분석 결과는 다음과 같은 시사점을 제시한다. 먼저, 국가연구개발사업이라는 전문적인 정책영역에서도 국민의 긍정적인 정책인식도와 정책 접촉을 높여야 지불의사라는 형태의 정책지지도가 높아지고, 궁극적으로 정책의 타당성을 확보할 수 있다. 또한, 국민은 정부 정책 대상 분야에 관한 인식보다 정부의 정책 그 자체의 필요성, 효과성, 혜택 등에 관한 인식에 기반하여 자신의 지불의사를 결정하는 합리적인 경제인이다. 따라서 정부는 국가연구개발사업과 같은 전문적인 정책영역에서도 공급자 중심의 정책추진방식이 아니라 정책의 최종수요자이자 비용부담자인 국민의 수요를 적극적으로 반영하여 정책을 추진할 필요성이 있다. 이를 위해 정부는 정책의 구체적인 내용에 대하여 국민의 정책인식도를 제고할 수 있는 다양한 방법을 강구해야 하고, 정책수립에서 집행에 이르기까지의 모든 과정에서 각종 설명회, 공청회, 정책수요의 분석 등을 통해 국민의 수요와 편익을 적극적으로 정책에 반영할 필요가 있다.

문화바우처 이용자의 만족도에 관한 연구

권도윤 서울대학교 대학원 2020 국내석사

문화예술 체험은 인간의 상상력과 창조성을 풍부하게 하며 이는 사회 발전의 토대가 된다. 또 문화예술 체험은 지역사회 공동체를 활성화하고 지역경제 성장에도 도움을 준다. 이처럼 문화예술은 의, 식, 주 못지않게 인간의 삶에 중요한 요소이만 문화예술 체험은 주로 고소득층 혹은 중산층에 의해 이루어졌고 저소득층이 문화예술 생활을 향유하기는 쉽지 않았다. 이 문제를 해결하고자 우리 정부는 지난 2005년부터 문화바우처 제도를 도입하였고 현재는 기초생활수급자와 차상위 계층을 대상으로 ‘통합문화이용권(문화누리카드)’이라는 문화바우처를 발급하여 이들도 기본적인 문화생활을 즐길 수 있도록 지원하고 있다. 지난 2005년 이후 현재까지 문화바우처의 지원형태와 규모는 지속적으로 발전·확대되어 왔다. 하지만 문화바우처의 성과와 직결되는 바우처 이용자의 만족도를 분석한 연구는 아직 없었다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 문화바우처 이용자의 만족도를 종속변수로, 공급기관 간 경쟁성·서비스 선택성(가맹점의 취급 업종 및 품목의 다양성, 가맹점 이용의 편리성)·정보가용성(가족합산기능 및 본인충전기능 인지여부, 바우처 관련 정보를 안내받아 본 경로의 개수)·이용기간을 독립변수로 설정하여 바우처 이용자의 만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 실증적으로 분석함으로써 보다 효과적인 문화바우처 제도 운영을 위한 시사점을 도출하고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 세 가지 단위(전국, 수도권, 비수도권)로 구분하여 다중회귀분석과 이항 로지스틱 분석을 실시함으로써 수도권과 비수도권 간 바우처 이용자의 만족도의 차이 분석도 함께 시행하였다. 다중회귀분석 결과는 다음과 같았다. 먼저 전국 단위의 다중회귀분석 결과 가맹점의 다양성과 가맹점 이용의 편리성이 통계적으로 유의미하게 바우처 이용자의 만족도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또 이용자들이 바우처 관련 정보를 더 많은 경로로 접할 수 있는 경우 만족도가 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 수도권 및 비수도권 단위의 회귀분석 결과 수도권과 비수도권 모두 가맹점의 다양성, 가맹점 이용의 편리성이 유의미한 독립변수인 것으로 나타났고 바우처 관련 정보를 얻는 경로의 수는 수도권 단위에서만 유의미한 독립변수인 것으로 확인되었다. 그 중 수도권에서는 가맹점 이용의 편리성이, 비수도권에서는 가맹점의 다양성이 이용자의 만족도에 미치는 효과가 컸다. 지역(수도권, 비수도권)을 조절변수로 설정하여 분석한 결과 역시 가맹점의 다양성이 높을수록 비수도권이 수도권에 비해 이용자의 만족도가 더 많이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 이항 로지스틱 분석의 결과는 다음과 같다. 전국 단위의 로지스틱 분석 결과 전국 단위의 회귀분석과 마찬가지로 가맹점의 다양성, 가맹점 이용의 편리성, 바우처 관련 정보를 얻는 경로의 수가 이용자가 만족한다고 응답할 확률에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 수도권 및 비수도권 단위의 로지스틱 분석 결과 역시 회귀분석 결과와 다르지 않았다. 수도권의 경우 가맹점 이용의 편리성이 이용자가 만족할 확률에 미치는 한계효과가 크고 통계적 유의미성도 강했으며, 비수도권의 경우 가맹점의 다양성이 이용자가 만족할 확률에 미치는 한계효과가 크고 통계적 유의미성도 강했다. 이상의 연구결과를 바탕으로 도출한 문화바우처 제도의 정책적 시사점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 바우처 가맹점의 취급 업종 및 품목의 다양성을 높이기 위한 정책이 실시되어야 한다. 현재 이용자들의 지원금 사용 분야가 도서, 영상에 집중되어 있다. 이들이 여행 및 스포츠분야의 이용도 할 수 있도록 해당 분야의 가맹점 확대, 할인율 증대, 이용방법 안내 등을 효율적으로 진행할 필요가 있다. 가맹점 업종의 종류를 확대하여 편의점이나 할인마트에서 문화상품 구입하는 경우에도 바우처를 사용할 수 있도록 하는 것도 좋은 방안이다. 둘째, 이용자들이 가맹점을 더욱 편리하게 이용할 수 있기 위한 정책이 필요하다. 먼저 오프라인 가맹점의 접근성이 떨어지는 농어촌 지역의 이용자들과 오프라인 가맹점 방문에 어려움을 겪는 장애인 이용자들을 위해 온라인 가맹점이 더욱 확대되어야 할 것이다. 또 오프라인 가맹점에서 사용하는 결제수단을 모바일 자동결제시스템 등과 연동하여 사용할 수 있게 하는 등 결제수단을 다양화할 필요성이 있다. 결과적으로 이용자들이 보다 편리하게 가맹점을 이용할 수 있을 것이다. 셋째, 이용자들이 문화바우처 관련 정보를 보다 쉽게 접할 수 있도록 바우처 홍보를 확대 및 다양화할 필요가 있다. 현재 문화바우처를 처음 이용하는 대부분의 사람들이 관련 정보를 행정기관을 통해 얻고 있다. 홈페이지나 문자발송, 카카오톡플러스친구 등 보다 쉽게 정보를 얻을 수 있는 경로를 확대할 필요가 있다. 또, 노년층은 온라인을 사용하는 데 어려움을 겪는 경우가 많으므로 쉽고 자세한 안내가 온라인에서 이루어져야 할 것이다. The experience of cultural arts enriches human imagination and creativity. These are the foundation of social development. Also, the experience of cultural arts revitalizes local communities and promotes economic growth of the communities. As such, cultural arts are as important to human life as the necessities of life(food, clothing, and shelter), but cultural arts were experienced mainly by high-income or middle-income people, and it was not easy for low-income people to enjoy cultural arts. In order to solve this problem, the Korean government has introduced a culture voucher system since 2005. Now it has issued a culture voucher system called "Integrated Culture Voucher(Munhwa-nuri Card)" for recipients of basic living and the next lowest income bracket to help them enjoy basic cultural lives. Since 2005, the form and scale of support for culture vouchers has been continuously developed and expanded. However, there has been no research on the satisfaction level of voucher users, which is directly related to the performance of the culture voucher. Therefore, in this study, the satisfaction level of users of culture vouchers was set as a dependent variable, and 1) the competitiveness among suppliers 2) service selectivity(diversity of the franchisee's handling items, convenience of using the franchisee) 3) availability of information(recognition of 'family combined functions' and 'self-charging functions', the number of channels from which users obtained information regarding culture voucher) 4) period of use were set as independent variables. By empirically analyzing the factors that affect the satisfaction of voucher users, the study was intended to derive implications for the more effective operation of the culture voucher system. Also, in this study, the multiple regression analysis and the binary logistic analysis were conducted in three units (nationwide, Seoul metropolitan regions, and non-Seoul metropolitan regions) to analyze the difference in the satisfaction of voucher users between Seoul metropolitan regions and non-Seoul metropolitan regions. The results of the multiple regression analysis were as follows: First of all, the national multiple regression analysis showed that diversity of franchisees and the convenience of using franchisees had a statistically significant positive impact on the satisfaction of voucher users. In addition, the analysis showed that when users can obtain voucher-related information from more channels, the satisfaction level increases. Regression analysis of the Seoul metropolitan regions and non-Seoul metropolitan regions showed that the diversity of franchisees and convenience of using franchisees were significant independent variables in both regions. Especially the convenience of using franchisees in the Seoul metropolitan regions and the diversity of franchisees in non-Seoul metropolitan regions had a great effect on users' satisfaction. Moreover, the number of channels to obtain voucher-related information was found to be a significant independent variable in the Seoul metropolitan regions alone. In addition, according to the analysis of regions(Seoul metropolitan regions and non-Seoul metropolitan regions) set as a moderator variable, the higher the diversity of franchisees, the greater the satisfaction of users in non-Seoul metropolitan regions than in Seoul metropolitan regions. The results of the binary logistic analysis are as follows. A nationwide logistic analysis showed that, like a nationwide regression analysis, the diversity of franchisees, convenience of using franchisees and the number of channels to obtain voucher-related information had a positive impact on the probability that users would say they were satisfied. The results of binary logistic analysis of Seoul metropolitan and non-Seoul metropolitan units also were not different from the results of regression analysis. In Seoul metropolitan area, the convenience of using franchisees had a large marginal effect on the probability that users would be satisfied, and the statistical significance was also strong. In non-Seoul metropolitan area, the diversity of franchisees had a large marginal effect on the probability that users would be satisfied, and the statistical significance was also strong. The policy implications of the culture voucher system derived based on the above research results are as follows: First, policies that enhance the diversity of the handling items of voucher franchisees should be implemented. Currently, the areas where users use subsidies are concentrated on books and videos. In order for users to use the travel and sports sectors, it is necessary to efficiently expand franchisees in the fields, increase discount rates, and guide how to use them. It is also a good idea to expand the types of franchise businesses so that culture vouchers can be used when users purchase cultural products at convenience stores or discount markets. Second, policies that build more convenient environment to use culture vouchers are needed. First of all, online franchises should be expanded for users in rural areas where offline franchisees are less accessible and for disabled users who have difficulty visiting offline franchisees. In addition, it is necessary to diversify payment methods by allowing offline franchisees to use the payment methods along with mobile automatic payment systems. As a result, users will be able to use the franchisee more conveniently. Third, it is necessary to expand and diversify the voucher promotion so that users can obtain information related to culture vouchers more easily. Currently, most people who use culture vouchers for the first time are getting related information through administrative agencies. A policy that expand the channels such as homepage, text messaging, and Kakao Talk Plus Friends is needed. In addition, older people often have trouble using online, so easy and detailed guidance should be made online.

응용통계기법을 이용한 안정화 단계의 지각 변형률 데이터 분석

김형신 충북대학교 2015 국내석사

This paper has calculated pure crust strain excluding the temperature and tide influence ratio by applying a multiple regression analysis, conducted an x-MR control chart analysis and a T2 control chart analysis for pure crust strain data of time series and determined whether the stability of strainmeters. A fault behavior forecast model was derived for crust strain data acquired through measuring instruments for civil engineering installed in the vicinity of a fault zone, and effects of temperature and tide on crust strain were analyzed. The results of the analysis indicated that measuring instruments numbered 0, 1 and 3 were affected by temperature and tide, and that the instrument numbered 2 was affected by tide alone. And a model that can calculate pure crust strain was established by removing factors affecting crust strain through a residual analysis. The instrument goes through a certain period of instability immediately after installation. To determine stability of the instrument, an x-MR control chart analysis and a T2 control chart analysis were conducted. As an analysis method appropriate for determining stability of the process based on the control limit line, an x-MR control chart analysis set up the control limit line 3σ as the standard for determination. A comparison of the early stage of analysis with the terminal stage of analysis indicates that in measuring instruments numbered 0 and 1, in fault behavior measuring instrument A (strainmeter A) numbered 3, and in fault behavior measuring instrument B (strainmeter B) numbered 1 and 2, the ratio of exceeding the control limit line decreased, showing that they were being stabilized. In the T2 control chart analysis, the control limit line at reliability of 95% or α=0.05, was set up as the stability standard. Results of the analysis show that in measuring instruments for civil engineering and fault behavior measuring instruments A and B (strainmeter A, B) the ratio of exceeding the control limit line decreased the more according as the terminal stage was approached, and the portions plotted past the control limit line increased in MR values in an x-MR control chart analysis or coincided with the section showing gaps of changes. Based on the foregoing results, it is thought that the control limit line 3 where temporary stability was reached by using pure crust strain data acquired through a multiple regression analysis could be used as a standard for single instrument stability, and the control limit line of reliability at 95% of a T2 control chart analysis could be used as the standard for stability of all of the measuring instruments.

A Study on Revenue Water Ratio Prediction Using Multiple Regression Analysis

박성제 한국교통대학교 일반대학원 2021 국내박사

Water leakage can be estimated by various methods. Revenue water ratio is a significant index of water loss management in Korea. Existing methods of forecasting the revenue water ratio rely on local and operating factors such as residual pressure, pipe length, service life, and leakage occurrence rate in the region. Because of the use of these regional factors, models used for the prediction of revenue water ratio are complicated and can only be used in that area. In order to develop a prediction model with a simple indicator that anyone can easily access to the area, the geospatial information and waterworks statistics data of 41 regions in government public data in Korea on the Internet was utilized. The five effective factors such as population, area, elevation, slope and length of pipe were used to predict the revenue water ratio using simple factors in a quantitative analysis. The developed model for determining the relationship between the revenue water ratio and independent factors was evaluated through a correlation analysis and a multiple regression analysis using a statistical software (R). It was found that the revenue water ratio is strongly influenced by the water pressure, which depends on geographical feature such as the maximum elevation and the maximum slope. Also the length of service pipe, which is difficult to manage in detail, and population which have an absolute influence on the amount of supply, were closely related to the revenue water ratio and the prediction model was constructed as a function of “Y = 2.02954 – 0.16280 × population – 0.12724 × length of service pipe – 0.06602 × max. elevation – 0.08403 × max. slope”. The parameters(population, length of service pipe,max. elevation, max. slope) for analysis were selected through the use of a prediction model for revenue water ratio that applied 4 independent factors. The VIF of 4 factors was found to be less than 10 in the range of 1.222∼2.533, and it was confirmed that there was no multicollinearity. The adjusted coefficient of determination (adj R2) of this model was found to be 0.6385 and the P-value was found to be 1.532E-7 indicating that the model used to predict the revenue ratio was efficient. This model can be used as a easy tool to implement the water loss reduction project at home and abroad more efficiently.

다중회귀분석을 통한 한국 정상 성인의 최대흡기압, 최대호기압 및 최대기침유량 기준 제안 연구

박태성 부산가톨릭대학교 대학원 2022 국내박사

Purpose; The purpose of this study is to propose objective respiratory muscle strength standards and predictors according to age, height, weight and muscle strength by measuring the maximal inspiratory pressure, maximal expiratory pressure and peak cough flow of normal adults in Korea. Methods; This study measured maximal inspiratory pressure, maximal expiratory pressure, and peak cough flow in a total of 360 people, including 30 adult males and females in their 20s and 70s who had a normal pulmonary function test. Overall muscle strength, grip strength and five times sit-to-stand test were also measured. The correlation among respiratory muscle strength, subject demographics and overall muscle strength was evaluated through Pearson correlation analysis. Predicted values for respiratory muscle strength were calculated using multiple regression analysis. All statistical significance levels were set to 0.05. Results; Our results confirm the correlation between respiratory muscle strength and general characteristics in normal Korean adults. Among the total sample, both maximum inspiratory pressure and maximum expiratory pressure had the highest correlations with peak grip strength (r=0.643, 0.693)(p<0.05), and peak cough flow had the highest correlation with forced expiratory volume in 1 second(r=0.753)(p<0.05). Among males, the maximum inspiratory pressure and maximum expiratory pressure showed the highest correlations with peak hand grip(r=0.517, 0.438)(p<0.05), and peak cough flow showed the highest correlation with forced expiratory volume in 1 second(r=0.566)(p<0.05). Among females, maximum expiratory pressure had the highest correlation with peak hand grip(r=0.356)(p<0.05), while maximum inspiratory pressure and peak cough flow had the highest correlation with forced expiratory volume in 1 second(r=0.327, 0.580)(p<0.05). Based on the results of multiple regression analysis, age, body mass index, peak hand grip, and five times sit-to-stand test were identified as independent variables affecting respiratory muscle strength. A predictive equation for respiratory muscle strength was developed from the multiple regression equation of this study. Conclusion; This study proposed standards to predict the respiratory muscle strength of normal Korean adults. In the future, it is recommended that respiratory muscle strength be evaluated based on Korean respiratory muscle strength standards and the predictors used in this study, rather than clinical experiences or the respiratory health care standards of other countries.

도심 복합용도 건물 내부광장의 공공성 분석에 관한 연구 : 이용자 만족도 조사를 통하여

이승지 연세대학교 대학원 2003 국내석사

근대 이후 건축계획은 용도분화에 따른 단일용도의 건축이 일반적인 것이었으나, 철저한 기능분리에 의한 도시구성의 문제점 및 새로운 도시 환경에 대한 요구를 바탕으로 등장한 복합용도 건물은 토지의 고도 이용, 이미지의 향상, 다른 용도 간에 여러 상승 효과 등으로 활발히 도입되었다. 건축물의 복합화로 인해 건축물 내에 창출되는 여러 공간은 공간의 성격과 용도 면에서 도시의 그것과 매우 유사하다고 볼 수 있다. 따라서, 단위공간으로서 물리적 공간을 차지하는 복합용도 건물의 내부광장은 건축물 외부공간과 도시를 구성하는 광역적인 공간개념에서 흔히 강조하는 “공공성”에 대한 언급이 필요하며, 특히, 다중이용시설인 복합용도 건물의 경우에는 공간에 부여되는 “공공성”에 대한 구체적이고 실질적인 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 복합용도 건물 이용자를 대상으로 내부광장의 공공성 및 전체 만족수준을 분석함으로써 복합용도 건물의 내부광장 조성 및 활용에 있어 고려해야 할 사항을 제시하고자 하였다. 일반적으로 언급되는 도시의 “공공성에 대한 분석과 평가를 내릴 수 있는 항목과 기준이 모호하며, 이에 대한 정의도 불분명한 상태이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 복합용도 내부광장 이용자의 의견수렴을 통해 추상적인 개념인 ”공공성“을 대별할 수 있는 구체적인 용어를 추출하고자 하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 복합용도 내부광장의 공공성과 관련한 주요 인자들을 추출하여 각인자들의 공공성 및 전체 만족수준에 미치는 영향을 판별하고자 하였다. 본 연구는 도시의 하부구조인 서울시 고속버스터미널과 연계되어 있는 센트럴시티의 내부광장을 연구 대상지로 하였으며, 연구의 방법과 내용은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 어의구별척을 통하여 이용자들의 심리량을 조사한 후 1차 다중회귀분석을 실시함으로써 공공성을 설명할 수 있는 용어를 도출한다. 둘째, 요인분석을 통한 공공성 설명을 위한 공통인자를 추출한다. 셋째, 2차 다중회귀분석을 통한 공공성의 인자별 중요도를 산출한다. 넷째, 3차 다중회귀분석을 통한 전체만족수준의 인자별 중요도를 산출한다. 이러한 연구로 도출된 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 어의구별척을 이용한 설문조사 및 1차 다중회귀분석 결과, 복합용도 건물 내부광장에 있어서 공공성은 ‘개방성’, ‘편리성’, ‘활동성’이라는 용어로 대별되어 설명되어 질 수 있다. 둘째, 요인분석 결과, 복합용도 건물 내부광장의 공공성 분석을 위한 요인들은 총 7개 인자로 구분되었다. 셋째, 2차 다중회귀분석을 통한 중요도 분석 결과, 복합용도 건물 내부광장의 공공성에 영향을 미치는 7개 인자의 중요도는 『대중교통수단과의 연계』인자의 중요도가 가장 높게 나타났으며, 『식재와 쾌적성』,『동선』,『이벤트시설 및 안내』, 『편의시설』순의 중요도를 보였다. 넷째, 내부광장의 공공성과 전체적인 만족수준의 중요도 순위 비교 결과, 내부광장의 공공성에 영향을 미치는 7개 인자 중 『대중교통수단과의 연계』, 『편의시설』인자는 상이한 차이를 보였다. 또한 『동선』,『식재 및 쾌적성』,『이벤트시설 및 안내』는 비슷한 중요도 순위를 나타내었으며, 『구조마감』,『개방시간 및 연계』는 모두에서 유의미한 설명력을 갖지 못하는 것으로 판별되었다. Today, complex buildings have tendency to occupy several blocks of the city as a unit space, which should connote the publicity as a composition of the city. Therefore, the paper purposes to analyze the publicity and the satisfaction factors of the inner plaza of complex building as the urban public area, and to examine the relationship of the two. This work has completed a total analysis of the physical, environmental and mental factors, which composes the inner plaza using statistical analysis. Research purpose and method are as following. First, analysis items are selected out of prior researches of publicity and management of researcher. Second, case studies of inner plazas which have similar physical characters are carried out to ensure objectivity and to concretize the items. Third, after composing questionnaire based on analysis items, survey are conducted of inner plaza users. Fourth, gathered raw data are statistically analyzed. Since the standard and term of publicity is unclear and abstract, the paper search for terms which can explain publicity by multiple regression analysis of raw data collected by semantic differential scale. The analysis result shows that the publicity as for inner plaza of complex building can be explained in the term of 'openness', 'convenience' and 'vitality'. General research of user's psychological quantity uses couple of measurement values of similar items in dependent variable. Since, there is no prior researches of trying to analyze publicity by using similar items' values, the paper determined average values as a dependent variable for the publicity analysis. ◁표 삽입▷(원문을 참조하세요) Result of factor analysis of 19 variables, 7 factors are abstracted. Result of multiple regression analysis of 7 factors which influence the publicity of inner plaza. significance degree of「connection with public transportation」factor was given the highest as shown in the Table. Table also shows significance order of satisfaction degree which can be compared with significance order of the publicity.

공공기관 지방이전 정책의 효율성에 관한 연구 : 혁신도시 및 개별이전 공기업을 중심으로

김종우 서울대학교 대학원 2021 국내석사

정부는 수도권 인구과밀현상방지와 균형적인 지역발전을 위해 공공기관 지방 이전 정책을 시행해왔다. 본 연구는 공공기관 지방이전 정책에 대한 공공기관의 효율성에 주목하고 있으며, 2011년부터 2020년 동안 공공기관 지방이전 정책에 해당되는 16개의 시장형 공기업을 대상으로 한다. 효율성 측정을 위해 1차적으로 자료포락분석(DEA)을 통해 분석하였으며, 2차적으로 자료포락분석(DEA)결과인 효율성 지수를 토대로 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 자료포락분석(DEA) 결과 연구기간에 걸쳐 최댓값인 100의 효율성을 보이는 공기업은 없으며, 각 공공기관 별 그리고 각 연도별 효율성 지수의 차이가 존재함을 확인할 수 있었다. 각 기관별로 효율성의 변화 추이는 각각 상승, U자형, 하락 또는 역 U자형의 형태로 구분되었다. 2단계 다중회귀분석에서는 종속변수로는 자료포락분석(DEA)을 통해 얻은 효율성 지수를 설정하였고, 독립변수로는 지방이전 정책 시행 연도라는 설명변수를 설정하여 분석을 진행하였다. 공공기관 지방 이전 정책이 장기적인 국가발전전략이 아닌 표심을 위한 지역 나눠 먹기식으로 진행되었다는 주장이 존재하는 만큼, 공공기관 측면에서 지방이전 정책에 대한 주제의 연구가 촉진될 수 있기를 기대한다. 주요어: 공공기관 지방이전 정책, 혁신도시 및 개별이전 공기업, 효율성, 자료포락분석(DEA), 다중회귀분석 South Korea’s population is getting lower over the years. On the contrast, population overcrowding issue is getting serious around Seoul metropolitan area including Seoul, Gyeong-gi and Incheon. In order to balance regional development, the government formed innovative cities in Busan, Daegu, Gwangju, Ulsan, Gangwon, and Gyeongsang Province to relocated public agencies. This study concentrates on efficiency of public corporations which subject to relocation of public agencies policy. Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) is conducted in this study to measure 16 different public corporations during 2011 to 2020. As a next step, by using result of Data Envelopment Analysis. a multiple regression analysis is conducted. For Data Envelopment Analysis, assets, operating expense, and capital are used as input variables and sales and operating profits are used as output variables. The results confirmed that no public corporations showed efficiency of 100 (Maximum) over the research period. Moreover, there were differences in efficiency for each public corporations and for each year. For each corporations, changes in efficiency was divided into three different types, which are rising, U-shaped, or reverse U-shared(falling). For multiple regression analysis, efficiency index from Data Envelopment Analysis is used as dependent variable. For independent variable, each public agency’s year of relocation is used as dummy variable. There are arguments that the government’s relocation policy of public agencies has been carried out in a regional way for voters rather than a long-term national development strategy. It is hoped that study on relocation policy of public agencies can be promoted in terms of perspective of public corporations. Key words: relocation policy of public agencies, public corporations, efficiency, Data Envelopment Analysis, multiple regression analysis

원도심 상권활성화 사업 수단이 방문 의사에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

김진 광주대학교 대학원 2024 국내박사

Most local commercial districts, including traditional markets and shopping streets, are located in the center of the old town. The decline of the old town naturally led to the decline of the local commercial district, and the movement of population due to new development in the surrounding area led to the decline of the commercial district located in the center of the old town and the original city center. In this way, although the decline of the original downtown commercial district and the decline of the old downtown have the same problem, no linking plan to solve the problem is being considered. With this in mind, the Ministry of SMEs and Startups has been introducing and operating the commercial area revitalization zone system since 2011, but due to the nature of the department in charge, the structure intertwined with urban space is still insufficient. In addition, in studies on the revitalization of existing commercial districts, the concept of an integrated perspective of urban space responsible for central commercial districts and consumption was rarely applied, with revitalization plans set as part of traditional markets or commercial districts. Therefore, in this study, we organized the concepts of commercial revitalization and urban regeneration and conducted a review of the original downtown revitalization projects promoted in Korea and overseas, focusing on case studies, through literature research. Next, based on the urban planning of Gwangju Metropolitan City, the most declined commercial districts among developed commercial districts were derived, and the Chungjang-ro commercial district was identified as the area with the highest decline index through statistical figures and standard values ?of visit frequency through surveys. Through prior research for revitalization, we explore what factors can revitalize the commercial district, and through factor analysis, the factors derived from prior research are reduced to final factors by excluding commonalities and conflicts. It was excavated. In order to empirically analyze the discovered factors, we used AHP analysis (AHP: Analytic Hierarchy) targeting commercial districts and urban regeneration experts in the Chungjang-dong area, which was selected as the project site, to derive decision-making priorities among commercial district revitalization factors and determine visitor factors. In order to measure the influence of doctors on , we analyzed how much the factors discovered through multiple regression analysis influenced visits to commercial districts. As a result of the factor analysis on the revitalization of the commercial district, the factors for the revitalization of the declined commercial district through literature research related to the decline of the original downtown were physical environmental factors, convenience factors, community factors, regional specialization factors, and commercial district. It was found that restoration and support of functional and service factors were necessary, and 32 detailed factors for this were derived, and should be carried out first through collecting opinions from experts who are carrying out urban regeneration and commercial revitalization projects in the Chungjang-ro area. Looking at the ranking of commercial district revitalization factors, they appear in the following order: regional-specific factors, physical environmental factors, functional factors of the commercial district, service factors, convenience factors, and community factors. Sub-factors include development and sales of representative products and pedestrian roads. It was analyzed in terms of maintenance, safety facility placement, local business operation, and development and sales of unique products in the commercial district. As a result of the analysis, the independent variable was the commercial district revitalization factor discovered from the visitor group and the dependent variable was the intention to visit the commercial district. As a result, the significant factors were the creation of a local landmark space, customer convenience facility support, construction of landscape facilities, and commercial district revitalization through experiential factors. The survey was conducted on visits, construction of pedestrian safety facilities, and development and sales of representative products in the commercial district. In order to restore the local commercial district, this does not emphasize existing products but provides attractive products and spaces unique to the commercial district. When the commercial district exists at the center of a new culture, it establishes itself as a brand rather than simply a space for the sale of goods. This is deemed to be a priority. In addition, in order to revitalize the commercial district in the Chungjang-dong area, it is believed that priority should be given to creating a convenient and pleasant environment for customers using the commercial district, external tourists, and visitors by improving the physical environment of the aging commercial district, and to create a space filled with joy and memories for customers. It should continue to be recognized and should be able to induce repeat visits. Keywords: AHP analysis., Commercial District Decline, Chungjang-ro Commercial District in Dong-gu, Factor Analysis, Gwangju Metropolitan City, Multiple Regression Analysis, Urban Regeneration, Urban Regeneration Activation Factor