社會經濟的 地位 및 職業別 結晶的 知能發達樣相 分析

추정선 東亞大學校 1989 국내박사

The aim of this study is to examine the developmental trend of Korean adults' crystallized intelligence to validate the applicability of Cattell's hierarchical model differentiating fluid and crystallized intelligence to Korean culture. The variables dealt with in this study as criterion of analysis are the kinds of sub-tasks that constitute crystallized intelligence and socioeconomic status and level of occupation of subjects. The hypothesis in this study were as follows: <Hypothesis Ⅰ> The adults' crystallized intelligence will be decreased with the increase in age. <Hypothesis Ⅱ> Among sub-factors constituting crystallized intelligence the rate of decrease in academic intelligence will be greater than that of social intelligence. <Hypothesis Ⅲ> The decreasing rate of crystallized intelligence in lower-class subjects will be greater than that in upper-class subjects. <Hypothesis Ⅳ> The decreasing rate of crystallized intelligence in nonprofessional men will be greater than that in professional men. <Hypothesis Ⅴ> The decreasing rate of crystallized intelligence in non-occupational women will be greater than that in occupational women. The subjects of this study were 240 people in 5 age groups. There were 24 men and 24 women in each 22-24, 28-32, 36-42, 46-52, and 56-62 age groups. The 22-24 age group was randomly sampled from the seniors of Pusan National University and Pusan Teachers' College. The other four groups were sampled from men and women living in Pusan, according to the socio-economic status and the level of occupation. The tasks used in this study were fluid and crystallized intelligence test and social problem solving ability test. The fluid intelligence test consisted of four sub-tests : 1) figure relation, 2) figure classification, 3) matrix and 4) topology. The crystallized intelligence test consisted of language, mathematics, and the ability to solve social problems. The raw scores of fluid and crystallized intelligence were calculated and converted into scaled scores for comparision between sub-factors. Trend-analysis was used to examine the developmental pattern of crystallized intelligence. T-test was used to compare the developmental level of crystallized intelligence between high and low SES groups, between professionals and non-professionals, and between occupational and non-occupational groups. The conclusions obtained from the results and discussions of this study are as follow : 1) The crystallized intelligence of Korean adults tends to decrease. This decrease begins around the age level of 36-42 and falls abruptly at the age level of 46-52. Therefore, the crystallized intelligence of Korean adults is inclined to decrease earlier than that of the Westerners. 2) The decrease in crystallized intelligence, thus, is influenced by the type of sub-test : Whereas the academic ability consist of mathematics and language of crystallized intelligence decreases with age, social problem solving ability does not. The decrease in the adults' crystallized intelligence seems to be caused by the decrease in academic ability. 3) There is a significant difference in the level of crystallized intelligence between higher and lower socio-economic status groups. Therefore, socioeconomic status becomes an important factor which affects the decrease in crystallized intelligence. 4) In the case of men, there are no differences between professionals and non-professionals in both the degree and pattern of decrease in crystallized intelligence. However, the level of crystallized intelligence in professionals tends to be higher than that of the non-professionals. 5) In the case of women, the crystallized intelligence of working women decreases, while that of non-working women does not. This difference in the developmental pattern of crystallized intelligence according to occupation can be attributed to the difference in the level of intelligence in early adulthood.

우리나라에서 질병과 음주로 인한 사회경제적 비용 추계

이선미 연세대학교 2007 국내박사

自保兒童의 社會經濟的 水準, 性別, 自保期間에 따른 知能, 性格, 學業成就 硏究

강병기 東亞大學校 1990 국내석사

The purpose of this study is to research what influence the factors like the social-economic level, sex, and tits term of self-care have on self care children's intelligence, personality and scholastic achievement. The subjects of thes study are 478 5th-grade boys and girls of elementary schools in pusan. This study used the results of a standard intelligence test composed by Lee sany-ro, a standard personality test marie by Lee sang-ro Pyon chang-chin, Chin wi-kyo′, and the secondterm records of school for the material of scholastic achievement, and t-test, one way anova for data analysis. Conclusions obtained from the results and discussions of the research are as follow : 1. Dividing the self-care children into three groups : high, middle and low class, according to their parent's social and economic position, the children of low class were inferior to high and middle classes concerning intelligence and scholastic achievement. On the other hand, they were inferior in such personality factors as general activity, sociability and reflectiveness. Therefore, in guidance of self-care children, social and economic level should be considered. 2. There was almost no difference in intellectual capacity regarding sex. Girls were superior to boys, however, in perceptual speed of general factors of standard intelligence test : boys were superior to girls in space perception capacity and girls were superior to boys in general activity, masculinity, sociability and reflectiveness of personality factors. For scholastic achievement, in courses connected with knowledge, boys made high scores and girls excelled boys in art courses. In other words, there was difference between boys and girls in such factors as intelligence and scholastic achievement. Therefore, we have to take into consideration factors of intelligence and scholastic achievement of serf-care children. 3. Dividing them into four terms : One, two, three and four years of self care. There was no difference in intelligence and scholastic achievement but activity factor of personality of four year self-care children got higher marks then two year one. So, I have reached the conclusion that the period of self-care doesn't affect children's intelligence, personality and scholastic achievement.

自保經驗 有無와 社會經濟的 水準에 따른 就業母 子女의 自我槪念에 관한 硏究

김춘자 東亞大學校 1991 국내석사

This study aims at examining the differences the self-concept of latchkey students unsupervised by adults after school, the non-latchkey students supervised by adults, whose mothers have jobs, and mother-care students in connection with the length of term in self-care, the length of time when they are left at home without adult's supervision, and the socioeconomic status. The subjects of this study are 90 latchkey girls, 90 non-latchkey girls and 90 mother-care girls selected among first and second grade students in a girls' middle school in the city, Pusan. Data were collected through the self-concept scale made by Jung Won-sik and family environment questionaires. The conclusions obtained from the result and the discussion of this study are as follows: 1. There is no significant difference in total positive self score and sub score of the latchkey, non-latchkey students whose mothers have jobs, and mother-care students. Therefore, the mother's working and self care experiencies have no effect on self-concept score. 2. Length of term in self care has no effect on total positive self score and sub score. 3. Length of time in self-care in a day has no effect on total positive self score and sub score, but the average score of the students left at home for a long time without adult's supervision tends to lower. 4. Significant differences are found in total positive self score physical self, family self and social self score of latchkey students in connection with the socioeconomic status. The total positive self score of high group is higher than that of low group. 5. Significant differences are found in the self-concept score of the working mother's non-latchkey students in connection with the socioeconomic status.

Consequences of socioeconomic development in Taiwan, Singapore, and South Korea : democracy or a continuation of authoritarianism?

Yen, Chen-Shen J. UMI 2014 국내박사