Helicobacter pylorivacuolating cytotoxin에 의한 호산구 apoptosis에 대한 연구

심영석 한양대학교 대학원 2011 국내석사

Helicobacter pylori는 만성 위염, 위십이지장 궤양뿐만 아니라, 위암 및 위림프종의 위험도를 증가시키는 균으로 알려져 있다. 이들 질병과 연관된 H. pylori의 독성인자 중에서 분자량 87 kDa인vacuolating cytotoxin (VacA)은 세포질의 공포화(vacuolation)를 유발하는 단백질이다. 그런데 H. pylori에 감염된 환자의 위조직에 호산구(eosinophil)가 자주 관찰됨에도 불구하고 아직까지 H. pylori VacA에 대한 호산구의 병원적 역할에 대해서는 알려진 바가 없다. 본 연구에서는 사람 호산구의 apoptosis에 대한 VacA 역할에 대해 규명하였다. 연구 결과, H. pylori VacA를 사람 호산구에 처리했을 때 apoptosis가 후기 반응으로 관찰되었다. 반면, VacA 자극 초기에는cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein-2 (c-IAP2) 발현이 유도되었다. 이 때, c-IAP2의 발현을 억제시키면 apoptosis에 의한 세포사멸이증가하였다. VacA는 세포질 내 Bax를 mitochondria로 translocation 시켰고, mitochondria로부터 cytochrome c의 분비를 촉진시켰다. Bax siRNA를transfection 시켜 Bax 시그널을 차단하였을 때, cytochrome c의 분비와 DNA fragmentation이 억제되었다. 이와 더불어 Bax와cytochrome c를 통한 apoptosis의 신호전달에 p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)가 관여함을 확인할 수 있었다. 이와 같은 결과들로 미루어 H. pylori VacA 자극을 받은 호산구는p38 MAPK, Bax translocation, cytochrome c 분비라는 일련의 신호전달 체계를 통해 apoptosis를 유도할 것으로 추정된다. Persistent Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, gastric cancer, and gastric lymphoma. The H. pylori vacuolating cytotoxin (VacA) is one of the major pathogenic products of H. pylori and induces vacuoles within various types of cultured cells. Although H. pylori-infected gastric mucosa is characterized by infiltration of inflammatory cells such as eosinophils, pathogenic roles of eosinophils in response to VacA have not been elucidated. This study investigates the role of VacA in apoptosis of human eosinophils. Treatment of human eosinophils with H. pylori VacA showed an induction of apoptosis as a relatively late event. During the early period of VacA stimulation, expression of cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein-2 (c-IAP2) increased, and inhibition of c-IAP2 augmented the apoptotic cell death. VacA caused the translocation of cytoplasmic Bax to mitochondria and increased cytochrome c release from mitochondria. Transfection with Bax siRNA decreased the release of cytochrome c and DNA fragmentation. In addition, the apoptosis through Bax and cytochrome c was mainly regulated by a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). These results suggest that the apoptosis is mediated by a sequential pathway, including p38 MAPK, Bax translocation, and cytochrome c in response to stimulation of human eosinophils with H. pylori VacA.

Impacts of Online Review Contents on Booking Decision using Text Analytics of Big Data

심영석 세종대학교 대학원 2021 국내박사

Prior studies have made limited attempts to clarify the causal relationship between the critical dimensions of customer review content and accommodation booking decisions, as represented by an operational performance by leveraging real-time data generated from the e-commerce online travel platform. Therefore, this study attempts to combine a theoretically-motivated spatial econometrics model with text analytics using latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) and deep learning approaches to study the relationship between the dimensions of textual reviews and booking decisions in the hospitality industry. This study achieves two objectives. First, this study proposes a process that extracts dimensions from qualitative textual data through LDA and identifies sentiment through deep learning approaches. Second, this study investigates the impacts of valence and intensity of review contents on booking decisions by using a spatial probit model. This study finds that online hotel review contents are identified by eight dimensions: ambiance, value, accessibility, service, front office, neighborhood, room condition, and room capacity. Moreover, in terms of the valence of reviews, this study suggests that the more positive reviews related to ambiance, value, accessibility, service, front office, neighborhood, and room capacity, the greater the booking decision, while negative reviews tend to relate to service, front office, and neighborhood. In terms of the intensity of reviews, all latent topics except room condition have a favorable intensity, including ambiance, value, accessibility, service, front office, neighborhood, and room capacity, which lead to higher probabilities of booking decisions. This study contributes to the hospitality literature by revealing the influence of online review contents on the booking decision using big data generated in real-time. Moreover, a methodological contribution is made by introducing a process that can quantify textual reviews, defined as unstructured qualitative information on the online travel agency. This study suggests that dimensions of online hotel review contents have a crucial impact on booking decisions.

광나무[Ligustrum japonicum]와 산수유[Cornus officinalis]의 광합성 및 생리특성

심영석 경북대학교 대학원 2018 국내석사

This study was to investigate the physiological characteristics of Ligustrum japonicum (evergreen tree) and Cornus officinalis (deciduous tree) to seasonal changes. Under field conditions, trees are influenced by various environmental changes, which cause physiological changes. The identification of physiological changes in these trees is very important to understand the characteristics of the species. In recent year, problems such as global warming due to an increase in carbon dioxide concentration have been constantly raised. Such environmental changes not only cause physiological changes of plants but also change the distribution of plants and further affect the structure of ecosystem. This study aims to investigate the changes of physiological characteristics of L.japonicum (evergreen tree) and C.officinalis (deciduous tree), which are distributed in the middle and southern part of Korea and widely used as landscaping trees. The photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, leaf chlorophyll and carotenoid content, osmolality, total ion content and soluble carbohydrate content of the two species were measured monthly from April 2017 to March 2018. In terms of photosynthesis change, C.officinalis showed high net photosynthesis rate (PN), stomatal conductance (gs), and amount of transpiration (E) except for November before the aging of leaves. Especially, in June when, the rainfall was low and the soil moisture was decreased, C.officinalis opened the stomata and conducted photosynthesis, but L.japonicum closed the stomata rapidly in response to a dry condition, thus showing high water use efficiency(WUE). In November when the drying lasts and the temperature goes down, C.officinalis started to eliminate the leaves, and all the leaves were eliminated in December, resulting in loss of photosynthesis ability. Meanwhile L.japonicum maintained the leaves even under the low average temperature and dry soil conditions in winter (Dec.-Feb.), but the photosynthesis rate and stress index of Fv/Fm decreased sharply, thus photosynthesis was not performed. In addition, most of the accepted light energy was not used for photosynthesis and released in the form of Y(NO) (Quantum yield of non-regulated non-photochemical energy loss in PS II). C.officinalis showed high contents of chl a, chl b and carotenoid in all months. C.officinalis showed increased chl b content in June due to a dry environment and October and November due to the aging of leaves, thus showed a clear decrease in chl a/b ratio. The moisture content of the leaves deceased slightly in June and winter season, and significant difference was not observed in each month between the two species. C.officinalis showed a high content of soluble carbohydrate and increased osmolality and total ion content in June, October and November. L.japonicum maintained the leaves through osmotic adjustment through accumulation of a high content of soluble carbohydrate from December even in the dry and low temperature environment during winter. In terms of the physiological responses of the two species under seasonal environment change, C.officinalis exhibited a high photosynthesis rate during the period of maintaining the leaves. Thus, C.officinalis conducted faster and more photosynthesis than L.japonicum. L.japonicum maintained the leaves throughout the year even in a dry and low temperature environment. Thus, L.japonicum can continuously perform photosynthesis, but it has less photosynthetic activities. The results of the comparative analysis in this study are expected to be used for comparing and understanding the physiological and ecological characteristics of evergreen and deciduous species and as a basic data for each species.

역사재현형 축제 관점에서 본 홍성역사인물축제의 개선방안에 관한 연구

심영석 배재대학교 관광축제호텔대학원 2020 국내석사

Hongseong Hero Festival, which held in Hongseong and has changed as the name changed to Hongseong Naepo Love Big Festival, Hongseong Naepo Culture Festival, and Hongseong Hero Festival, has changed its appearance. During Hongseong Naepo Culture Festival, it is a local people-centered festival for residents, and it was held as a department store-style festival without a clear theme and differentiated programs. However, as the need for a festival change emerged, through the consultation of experts and opinions from local people, the theme of the festival is changed from the theme of “Naepo” to “Historical figure”, the local people changed the name of festival in to “Hongseong Hero Festival”. All the programs of the festival consisted of 6 members of Hongseong’s historical figure(Mumin Choi Yeong, Maejukheon Seong Sam-mun, Manhae Han Yong-un, Baekya Kim Jwa-jin, Myungosoo Han Seong-jun, Goam Lee Eung-no), and we developed a historical figure as characters so that people can approach the heavy subject of history, Various experience programs and performance programs that can experience, see, and enjoy directly were conducted in order to give visitors an educational effect on historical figure and history. As the result of this, the festival has been qualitatively grown such as being selected as a cultural tourism festival in 2015. Still it has not overcome the limitation as a festival based on historical figure, so far. Therefore, this study aims to suggest a direction for the Hongseong Hero Festival from the perspective of the historical reenactment festival and to establish a strategy to develop into a representative historical reenactment festival in the future. So through 26 questions targeting the local people, we grasped the importance of going to the shape of the historical reenactment festival and analyzed whether there was a difference in perception through the group analysis of marital status, age, occupation, and participation in the survey subjects. The analysis result are as follows. The most important factor for the Hongseong Hero Festival to go to the historical reenactment festival is ‘The reflection of the times factor’, which creates the atmosphere of the festival hall reflecting the times, and I found that it is necessary to construct a festival program using historical events experienced by historical figures. In addition, ‘Promotion relation factor’ representing historical facts such as the production of promotion video and poster design reflecting times were also analyzed as important factors. As a result of the independent sample t-test according to marital status, the average value of married people was higher than of unmarried people in all questions. It is a characteristic of the material of a historical figure needing to include educational content through a history test to raise awareness of history and it can be seen as reflecting the influence of married people who have a lot of interest in their children’s education, according to the importance of married people, a plan is needed to maximize the educational effect through the program. On the other hand, the historical reenactment festival differed in the recognition of corporate sponsorship by those who participated in the festival operation and those who participated as simple visitors in terms of raising funds. Those who participated directly in the festival operation seem to think it is important to feel the need for corporate sponsorship. Currently, The Hongseong Hero Festival Promotion Committee which is jointly organized arbitrarily by the private sector and governments prepares for the Hongseong Hero Festival. However, Since the chairman of committee is the head of a local government, it is difficult to finance the festival such as corporate sponsorship and profitability At the conclusion, it is considered that the Hongseong Hero Festival needs a foundation with expertise in situation that the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism mentions the importance of the organization dedicated to festivals, and is adding a need for a separate organization to the festival evaluation system to promote the establishment of a cultural foundation nationwide. In this study, The Hongseong Hero Festival has undergone changed in name and theme, achieving qualitative growth. Also, at the point where it was necessary to accurately set the direction to go to the shape of the historical reenactment festival with historical figure as the subjects, it figures out and analyzed the importance of the historical reenactment festival. But, in the future research, it is considered that various strategies to develop the Hongseong Hero Festival into a representative historical reenactment festival by grasping the importance of the historical reenactment festival from the perspective of foreign visitors who have experienced many other festivals. 홍성역사인물축제는 홍성에서 개최되는 축제로 홍주문화제를 시작으로 홍성내포사랑큰축제, 홍성내포문화축제, 홍성역사인물축제로 명칭이 변경되면서 축제의 모습도 변화해왔다. 홍성내포문화축제로 개최되는 동안에는 지역민 중심의 주민화합형 축제로 명확한 주제와 차별화된 프로그램 없는 백화점식의 축제로 개최되었다. 하지만, 지역민들이 축제의 변화에 대한 필요성이 대두되기 시작하면서, 전문가 자문과 지역민들의 의견 수렴을 통해 축제의 주제를 ‘내포’라는 주제에서 ‘역사인물’을 주제로 변화하며, 축제의 명칭을 홍성역사인물축제로 변경하여 개최하였다. 축제의 모든 프로그램은 홍성의 역사인물 6인(무민공 최영, 매죽헌 성삼문, 만해 한용운, 백야 김좌진, 명고수 한성준, 고암 이응노)을 중심으로 구성하였으며, 역사인물이라는 무거운 주제를 친근하게 접근할 수 있도록 역사인물을 캐릭터로 개발하였으며, 방문객들에게 역사인물과 역사에 대한 교육적인 효과를 주기위해 직접 체험하고, 보며 즐길 수 있도록 다양한 체험 프로그램과 공연 프로그램을 진행하였다. 이러한 결과로 2015년 문화관광축제로 선정되는 등 축제가 질적으로 성장을 이루었다. 그러나 아직까지 역사인물을 소재로 하는 축제로서의 한계를 극복하지 못하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 역사재현형 축제의 관점에서 홍성역사인물축제가 나아가야 할 방향을 제시하고 향후 대표적인 역사재현형 축제로 발전하기 위한 전략을 수립하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 이에 지역민들을 대상으로 26개의 항목을 통해 역사재현형 축제의 모습으로 가기 위한 중요도를 파악하고, 조사 대상자들의 결혼여부와 연령, 직업, 참여분야에 따른 그룹별 분석을 통해 인식의 차이가 있는지 분석하였다. 그에 따른 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 홍성역사인물축제가 역사재현형 축제로 가기 위한 가장 중요한 요인은 ‘시대반영 요인’으로 시대를 반영한 축제장 분위기를 조성하며, 역사인물들이 겪은 역사적 사건을 활용하여 축제 프로그램을 구성해야 할 필요가 있는 것으로 파악되었다. 또한, 역사적 사실을 나타내는 홍보영상 제작, 시대를 반영한 포스터 디자인 등 ‘홍보 관련 요인’도 중요한 요인으로 분석되었다. 결혼여부에 따른 독립표본 t검정 분석 결과, 기혼자들의 평균값이 미혼자들보다 모든 항목에서 높은 평균값으로 나타났다. 이는 역사에 대한 인식 고취를 위해 역사의 고증을 거쳐 교육적인 내용이 포함되어야 하는 역사인물 소재의 특성으로 자녀들의 교육에 대해 많은 관심을 갖고 있는 기혼자들의 영향이 반영된 것으로 볼 수 있으며, 기혼자들이 생각하는 중요도에 따라 프로그램을 통해 교육적인 효과를 극대화할 수 있는 방안이 필요하다. 한편, 역사재현형 축제는 재원을 마련하는데 있어, 기업의 협찬에 대한 인식에 대해 축제운영에 참여한 사람과 단순 방문객으로 참여한 사람의 인식에 차이가 났다. 축제운영에 직접 참여한 사람들은 기업 협찬의 필요성에 대해 몸소 느끼는 것으로 중요하다고 생각하는 것으로 판단된다. 현재 홍성역사인물축제는 임의단체인 홍성역사인물축제 추진위원회가 민·관 공동으로 구성되어 축제를 준비하고 있다. 그러나 위원장이 지자체장으로 기업의 협찬이나 수익성 등 축제의 재원을 마련하는데 어려움이 있다. 마지막으로 문화체육관광부가 축제 전담조직의 중요성을 언급하며 축제 평가 시스템에 별도의 전담조직 필요 사항을 추가하여 전국적으로 재단 설립을 추진하고 있는 상황에서 홍성역사인물축제도 전문성을 지닌 재단의 구성이 필요한 것으로 판단된다. 이번 연구에서는 홍성역사인물축제가 명칭과 주제의 변화를 겪어오며 질적 성장을 이루었고, 역사인물을 소재로 하는 역사재현형 축제의 모습으로 가기 위해 방향을 정확히 잡아야 하는 시점에서 지역민들이 생각하고 있는 역사재현형 축제의 중요도를 파악하고, 분석하였지만 향후 연구에서는 타 축제를 많이 경험했던 외지 방문객 입장에서 역사재현형 축제의 중요도를 파악하여 홍성역사인물축제가 대표적인 역사재현형 축제로 발전할 수 있는 다양한 전략들이 마련되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

AlGaN 반도체 기반 태양광 블라인드 자외선 C 광 검출기

심영석 아주대학교 2022 국내석사

태양 스펙트럼의 자외선 C 영역(200~280nm)은 오존층에 의해 흡수되어 지표면에 도달하지 않는 태양광 블라인드 영역으로, 이 파장 대역이 감지되면 배경 잡음이 매우 낮다는 장점이 있다. AlxGa1-xN은 Al함량에 따라 3.4~6.2eV 범위 밴드갭 에너지를 가질 수 있어 검출 파장을 조절할 수 있는 장점이 있어 자외선 C 광 검출기 많이 사용되고 있다. 하지만 기존 AlGaN 자외선 C 광 검출기는 낮은 광 반응성 또는 매우 긴 반응시간을 가진다. 본 연구에서는 AlxGa1-xN/AlyGa1-yN 경계면의 2DEG (2-Dimensional-Electron-Gas)를 이용해 높은 광 반응성과 낮은 암전류, 빠른 응답속도를 갖는 고성능 자외선 C 광 검출기 단일 소자를 구현하고, HEMT와의 공정 호환성이라는 장점을 이용하여 자외선 C 광 검출기 array를 제작하고, 이를 이용해 이미지 센싱을 구현했다. 자외선 C 영역의 파장을 흡수하는 높은 Al 함량의 AlGaN을 깊이를 정밀하게 etching 하기 위해서, ICP-RIE (Inductively Coupled Plasma - Reactive Ion Etching)을 이용해 시간별로 etching 후 AFM(Atomic force microscopy)으로 표면 및 etching 깊이를 분석했다. 또한, 높은 Al 함량의 AlGaN의 오믹 접촉 컨택 저항을 최적화하기 위해, Ti/Al/Ni/Au (20/120/55/45 nm), Zr/Al/Mo/Au (15/60/35/50 nm) 두 가지 오믹 접촉 금속 조합을 TLM(transmission line method) 패턴으로 AlGaN에 e-beam evaporator로 증착시켜 컨택 저항을 비교하였다. 태양광 블라인드 MSM 구조의 자외선 C 광 검출기를 간단한 3가지 공정 스텝으로 제작하고, 전기적 및 광학적 특성을 분석하였으며, SPCM(scanning photocurrent microscopy) 장비를 이용해 광 전류 증폭 메커니즘을 분석하였다. 또한 자외선 C 광 검출기의 application으로 array을 제작해 이미징을 구현하였다.

웹 서버 과부하 방지를 위한 QoS 보장 수락 제어 기법 연구

심영석 연세대학교 대학원 2003 국내석사

최근 몇 년 사이 컴퓨터와 초고속 통신망의 대중적인 보급으로 인하여 인터넷 사용 인구가 급격하게 증가하였고 인터넷 사용량 또한 폭발적으로 증가하였다. 이와 같이 막대한 양으로 늘어난 트래픽은 서버에 과도한 양의 부하를 발생시켜 서비스 전반에 걸친 성능 저하를 가져왔다. 따라서 서버에 많은 양의 트래픽이 발생하더라도 정상적인 서비스를 제공할 수 있도록 하는 것이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 서버의 트래픽 폭주로 인한 서버 과부하 문제를 해결하기 위해 수락 제어 알고리즘을 이용한다. 수락 제어 기법은 컨텐츠 변환이나 로드 밸런싱과 같이 수동적으로 부하를 덜어주거나 분산시키는 방식이 아닌 트래픽에 제한을 가하여 능동적으로 서버의 부하를 조절하는 방식이다. 클라이언트에 의한 연결 요청이 이루어질 때 서버의 부하 상태를 평가한 후 서버가 수용 가능한 수준이면 클라이언트 새로운 연결 요청을 수락하여 이를 서비스할 수 있도록 한다. 하지만 기존의 수락 제어 기법은 수락 여부를 결정 할 때 현재의 부하 상태에만 의존하여 부하를 평가하므로 그 적용에 있어 유연성이 떨어진다. 본 논문에서는 현재의 부하 상태뿐만 아니라 이전의 부하 상태 즉 서버 부하 이력을 함께 고려하는 수락 제어 기법을 제안한다. 서버 부하 이력에 대한 고려 정도에 따라 서버는 수락 제어 정책을 수정하는 것이 가능하다. 현재의 부하 상태에만 의존하여 수락 여부를 판단할 경우 서버에 발생하는 부하의 변화에 서버가 빠르게 반응하지만 클라이언트의 서비스 요청에 다소 제한적으로 동작하게 된다. 반면 이전의 서버 부하 상태에 대해 더 많이 고려하여 수락 여부를 판단할 경우 서버에 발생하는 부하 변화에 서버가 빠르게 반응하지는 않지만 더 많은 클라이언트의 서비스 요청을 수용할 수 있게 된다. 또한 서비스 요청에 제한적인 정책을 따를 경우 서버의 부하 변화에 빠르게 반응하지만 QoS(Quality of Service)의 향상을 얻을 수 있는 반면 더 많은 서비스 요청을 수용하는 정책을 취할 경우 서버의 부하 변화에 대한 반응이 느리지만 throughput이 증가하는 이득을 얻을 수 있게 된다. QoS와 throughput가 서로 tradeoff 관계에 있다는 것을 알 수 있다. 또한 요구되는 서비스의 성격에 따라 즉 더 높은 수준의 QoS 보장이 중요한 서비스인가 아니면 더 높은 수준의 throughput 보장이 요구되는 서비스인가에 따라 다른 수락 제어 정책을 적용하는 것이 가능하게 된다. As computers and high-speed networks are provided widely, the population of Internet users has been explosively increased. Thus rapidly increasing traffic results in performance degradation in service due to excessive loads to servers. Therefore, although serious loads are generated in a server, the server should be able to normally provide the service. In this paper, an admission control algorithm is proposed to solve the overload problem resulted from traffic explosion into the server. The admission control scheme is the one to actively control loads not by passively alleviating loads like contents switching and load balancing, but by restricting traffic. As a connection is established by a client, this scheme makes it possible to admit a request when acceptable after evaluating load condition. However, since previous admission control schemes depend on current load condition only, it is not flexible to apply itself to system. This paper proposes a admission control scheme to consider current load condition as well as the history of load conditions. According to degree of considering the history, it is possible for the server to modify admission control policy. In case the server considers only current load condition for admission, the server responds quickly to its load change, but is restricted to dealing with the service requests of clients. On the other hand, when it depends more on previous load conditions for admission control, it does not respond quickly to load change, but can accept more service requests of clients. In addition, in case it follows the restricted policy for accepting a service request, it gains QoS improvement. But in case it allows more service requests, it gains throughput improvement in spite of slower response to load-change of the server than the former case. The results show QoS-throughput tradeoff. Therefore, we can apply the different policy according to the QoS guarantee or high throughput requirement.

텍스트 마이닝(Text Mining)을 이용한 관광지 이미지 결정요인에 관한 연구

심영석 세종대학교 대학원 2016 국내석사

최근 정보기술의 발전과 더불어 인터넷 환경의 급격한 변화는 관광객들의 관광정보 탐색, 여행 계획, 소비에 이르기까지 관광생태계에 다양한 방면으로 변화를 가져왔으며 온라인상에서 생성되는 대용량의 데이터들은 관광객들의 인식에 근거한 관광목적지의 이미지와 관광목적지 선택에 커다란 영향을 미치고 있다. 그러므로 관광생태계의 변화 속에서 관광목적지의 전략적인 이미지 마케팅을 위해서는 오프라인뿐만 아니라 온라인상에서 관광객들이 지각하는 관광목적지의 인식에 대한 파악이 반드시 필요하다. 이러한 온라인상의 데이터는 정량적, 정성적 연구가 동시에 가능한 관광정보 수집의 새로운 원천으로써 실시간 축적되는 대량의 데이터를 활용하여 관광지 이미지 파악에 새로운 시각을 제공할 수 있으며, 관광객들을 더욱 폭넓게 이해할 수 있는 기반이 될 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 Web 2.0 환경에서 대표적인 커뮤니케이션 수단인 SNS와 빅데이터를 분석하기에 적합한 방법인 텍스트 마이닝 기법을 활용하여 온라인 여행 커뮤니티인 Tripadvisor에서 리뷰 데이터를 수집하고 분석하여 관광지 이미지에 대한 유의미한 정보를 추출하고 관광지 이미지와 경쟁력에 대한 시사점을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 또한, 이러한 온라인 데이터의 분석절차를 관광분야에 적용 가능하도록 체계화시키고자 한다. 먼저, 온라인 리뷰 데이터 수집을 위하여 전용 웹 크롤러를 개발하였으며 관광지 평가 사이트인 Tripadvisor로부터 분석에 필요한 표본을 수집하였다. 연구에 사용된 유효 표본은 2013년 1월부터 2015년 7월 31일까지 서울의 관광지 17곳(명동, 동대문, 남대문, 남산/N서울타워, 인사동, 신촌, 홍대, 이태원, 롯데월드, 한국전쟁기념관, 국립중앙박물관, 국립민속박물관, 경복궁, 창덕궁, 덕수궁, 창녕궁)을 대상으로 작성된 7,188건의 온라인 리뷰이며 R Programming을 이용하여 텍스트 마이닝 분석을 하였으며 SPSS 21.0을 이용하여 탐색적 요인분석, 신뢰도 분석, 일원분산분석(One-Way ANOVA), 판별분석, 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 관광지의 인지적 이미지에 해당하는 8개의 요인과 정서적 이미지에 해당하는 8개의 요인이 도출되었으며, 도출된 관광지 이미지는 관광지 유형별(쇼핑 관광지, 자연 관광지, 문화 관광지, 위락 관광지, 박물관/전시관, 역사 관광지)로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 뿐만 아니라 관광지 이미지로 관광지 유형을 구분할 수 있는 특징적인 요인을 밝혔으며 관광지 이미지와 만족도간의 유의한 영향관계를 검증하였다. 본 연구는 정성적 데이터인 온라인 리뷰에서 데이터를 추출하고 가공하여 정량적 분석을 체계화 시키는데 의의가 있으며 이를 바탕으로 인터넷과 모바일을 통하여 기하급수적으로 증가하고 있는 빅데이터를 관광분야에 적용하기 위한 이론적 기반을 제공한 점에서 시사점을 가진다. Recently, the tourism ecosystem has been diversified into various directions throughout the tourism information search, travel plan, and consumption by the rapid change of internet environment as well as the development of IT technology. Also, the huge capacity of data generated online is affecting significantly the image and the selection of target tourist destinations based on the perception of tourists. Hence, it is inevitable to understand the tourist’s perception on the target destinations through the on-line space as well as the off-line environment, for the strategic image marketing of the target destinations in such a variation of the tourism ecosystem. The online data is a new source for collecting tourism information that is available for the simultaneous quantitative and qualitative research. The large amount of data, accumulated in realtime-basis, can be used to provide a new viewpoint to understand tourist destinations, which also can be the foundation to understand tourists properly. The purpose of this study is to provide the implication for the image and competitiveness of a tourist destination by collecting and analyzing the travellers’ review data in Tripadvisor, one of the representative online tourism communities, and extracting the significant information of the tourist destinations using the text mining procedure, which is a typical analytic method of the communication media, SNS, and big data in the Web 2.0 environment. Additionally, the study has systematized the online data analysis procedure for its application to the tourism business area. Exclusive web-crawler has been developed to collect online review data, and then the samples have been collected from Tripadvisor for further analysis. The samples effective for the research were 7,188 online reviews written for 17 sightseeing sites in Seoul, Korea (Myeongdong, Dongdaemun, Namdaemun, N Seoul Tower on the Mt. Namsan, Insadong, Shinchon, Hongdae, Itaewon, Lotte World, Korean War Memorial Center, National Central Museum, National Folk Museum, Gyeongbok Palace, Changdeok Palace, Deoksu Palace, and Changnyeong Palace) from January till July 31, 2015. Text mining analysis has been employed using the R-Programming, and SPSS 21.0 has been applied for the exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, one-way analysis of variance (One-Way ANOVA), discriminant analysis, and multiple regression analysis. In result, 8 factors of the cognitive image and 8 factors of affective image of tourist sites have been deducted. The deduced images of the tourist sites have shown significant difference according to the type of tourist destinations (shopping tour site, natural tour site, cultural tour site, entertainment tour site, museum/gallery, historical tour site). In addition, it has been clarified that tourism destinations can be classified by their images, and the significant influential relations between the tourism site image and satisfaction has also been verified. A contribution of this study is the systematization of quantitative analysis to explore the qualitative data extracted from the online review. This study provided the theoretical ground to apply the big data increasing geometrically through internet and mobile devices to the tourism business field, based on the research result through both quantitative and qualitative data analysis.

Silicon 나노결정을 함유한 MOS 구조의 형성 및 특성 연구

심영석 東國大學校 大學院 2002 국내석사

Nano-structured semiconductors are most promising materials for the future device application because of its various quantum effects and the possibility to realize a new-functional device. In order to get nano-structured materials, so far, various methods including the partial patterning process by using scanning-probe, e-beam or x-ray lithography and the self-assembled method by using epitaxial growth have been extensively reported. In general, however, those processes are so complicated and also it is difficult to control the size and the position. In this study, we have investigated the novel and easy technique for the fabrication of Si nano-crystals and its applications. The SiO_(x)/a-Si/SiO_(x) films were sequentially deposited on the p-type Si(100) substrate by r.f magnetron sputtering deposition method. And then, nano-sized Pt particles were deposited on the top of those sandwich-structured films by d.c sputtering deposition method. These nano-sized Pt particles play a role as masks to be used for the anisotropic dry etching process, and it is our unique method to our knowledge. The average diameter and the density of Pt particles calculated through images of scanning electron microscopy were 8∼12nm and 6.5×10^(11)cm^(-2) respectively. After the formation of SiO_(x)/a-Si/SiO_(x) columns by utilizing the reactive ion etching process, the 10nm-thick gate oxide SiO_(2) layer was deposited on the top of samples. The formation of Si nano-crystals was performed through the recrystallization process which is conventional two-step process including first step - rapid thermal annealing at 600℃ for 60sec and second step - furnace annealing at 1100℃ for 10min. Si nano-crystals having diameters ranges between 3 and 8nm were clearly observed from the cross-sectional image of transmission electron microscopy. For the measurement of the optical property from same samples, the blue emission of 402nm was observed in the cathodoluminescence measurement at 77K and it is well understood the emission from the region around 450nm is attributed to the emission from Si nano-crystals. After the fabrication of metal oxide semiconductor capacitor embedding Si nano-crystals, Al/SiO_(2)/nc-Si/SiO_(2)/p-Si, finally, we have evaluated the electrical property. The hysteresis behavior was observed in the measurement of capacitance-voltage relationship and the value of flat-band voltage shift was 496mV. From these results, we could confirm the procedure which has good advantages of reproducibility carried out in this study is capable of effectively fabricating the Si nano-crystals, also, and could confirm the feasibility of device applications such as not only blue emission devices but also nonvolatile memory devices with using Si nano-crystals formed through our novel technique.

商業高等學校의 會計敎育 實態와 그 期待에 관한 硏究

심영석 공주대학교 1995 국내석사

Accounting education in the commercial high school can be defined as the education through which student can acquire knowledges and skills on the commerce and the management to become a professional. That is, the aim of the Accounting education is to have students acquired knowledges, skills and attitude to adapt to an industrial society. But, in fact having many difficulties in achieving its aim, we have to find out the causes in many respects, In this research, I will try to find the direction for the improvement by studying the different thought between teachers and constituents (students, graduates) in the commercial high school. This study is based on demonstrable analyes like these;1) major order in the accounting education, 2) agreement or disagreement among communities on the accounting education, 3) the expectation of changing the accounting education which the members of the group think. The means for investigator which was used with the studying of a reference bibliography is the questionaire about the object of accounting education of the commercial high school, and its theoretical system depends on the analysis model of accounting education, which I have mentioned in chapter Ⅱ. The system of analysis is based on the accounting subjects of the commercial high school, which distinguishes its aim areas by five (areas), 1) commercial book-keeping subjects, 2) tax accounting subjects 3) industrial book-keeping subjects, 4) book-keeping accounting subjects 5) common subjects and each system has six aim items in each area, so it has thirty items in all. These fquestionaires which were sent to 467 persons in Dae-Jon, Choong-nam and choong-book provinces concluded as follows. First, from two points of view of current status andd expectations in the important level of accounting education's objectives, reversion appears in the chief objectives of all groups. On account of this groups are conflicted with the reversion fo objectives. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and research appropriate teaching methods and materials, which are different from present ones. Second, many people could not reach an agreement on deciding the object of accounting education yet Especially, among graduates, it seems to be a more serious problem. Therefore the different viewpoints on accounting education should be integrated in the near future. For this, we should put the emphasis on improving student's grounding qualities that could possibly be tansferred into every areas in various graduates. Third, the change expectation of accounting education shows much higher difference than the normal level in all areas. And especially in tax accounting subject, it shows a great deal of difference. This would require tax accounting education which can adjust to the society of industry though it is difficult to grow professional to engage in tax work after graduation, Professional tax education is necessary to achieve the aims. Fourth, in spite of the discontentment and conflict with thd accounting education, at least the commercial book-keeping subject is regardes as a most important area consistently. This shows that the education which enables students to confront many kinds of fields in accounting education elastically is more important than the education which is subdivided into too many parts and highly professionalized. Fifth, as for sexual self-perception responses, femal's expectation for the change of the accounting education is greater than male's. So, to correspond to each sex's expectation, present unified curriculum should be changed into the multified curriculum, which has disfferenciation by boy and girl students or regional groups.

우리나리에서 발간된 인사관리론의 체계와 내용에 관한 연구 : A Study on the Structure and Contents of Personnel Management in Korea

심영석 아주대학교 1990 국내석사