반편견 교육이 일반 아동의 편견 감소와 장애 아동에 대한 태도에 미치는 영향

서경아 대구대학교 2010 국내석사

There are various kinds of people in our society and various prejudices as well. These prejudices can be a stumbling block for students to establish their positive identities and socialization. To appreciate and admit the differences of other people in the society is essential for students who are willing to respect themselves and others and to interact with them. The anti-bias education will allow students to understand not only themselves but others in the right way without prejudices and help them to integrate with social members. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that the anti-bias education in the integrated class works to reduce non-disabled children's prejudices and change their attitude towards the disabled children. The subjects as follows: First, does the anti-bias education have a positive effect to reduce non-disabled children's prejudices? Second, does the anti-bias education have a positive effect in non-disabled children's school, private and social lives? Third, does the effect of the anti-bias education have a difference between male and female? To perform this study, 60 elementary schoolers of 2 classes in D elementary school in Po-hang were divided into an experiment group of 30 students and a control group of 30 students. The experiment group had 2 times of anti-bias educations each week for 5 weeks and measured the awareness and attitudes towards the disabled children and conducted a t-test before and after the education. The results as follows: First, the experiment group showed a statistical meaningful reduction of prejudices compared with the control group. It verifies the effect of the anti-bias education to reduce prejudices and the education needs to be aggressively promoted to overcome the prejudices. Second, The experiment group showed a meaningful and positive changeof the attitude towards the disabled children. It can be translated into that the anti-bias education is working to change non-disabled children's attitude towards the disabled children and the integrated education field should use this education as a way to change non-disabled children's attitude towards the disabled children. Third, comparing the reduction of prejudices between male and female, there was no gap between them but there was a difference in the change of attitude. Boys in school activities and girls in school and social lives showed a statistically meaningful positive change of attitude. Against this backdrop, a program with a supplemented instruction in gender area that requires improvement, it will bring a positive change of attitude in the whole area. Lastly, advices for follow-up studies for anti-bias education are as follows: First, This study was conducted with only 4th-grade non-disabled elementary students. For a more general result, various levels of group studies are required. Second, This study has been conducted for 5 weeks of 10 times of educations, resulting positive effects in reduction of prejudices and change of the attitude. So, longer periods of study and development of various anti-bias education programs should be developed. Third, This study offers an opportunity to see a tangible result of the anti-bias education. A study comparing with 'raising awareness towards the disabled' program will be very helpful to generate integrated class programs in the future.

실업계 고등학교 공통과학 수업의 실제와 교육용 프로그램 개발

서경아 大邱가톨릭大學校 敎育大學院 2001 국내석사

The purposes of this study are to find out current problems in multi-science class of vocational high schools and to suggest an educational program as a solution. First, to find out the problems in multi-science class of vocational high schools, a survey was used as a method of this study and the opinions of teachers and students on multi-science class were collected through questionaries. Based on the survey, an educational program, "Multi-Science Studying Class" has developed, which can be applied in real classes. This "Multi-Science Studying Class" introduced research activity procedures, which extended thinking powers. Themes were designed for class units, and it made easier for us to use them in classes.

초현실주의 회화의 표현기법을 이용한 패션 디스플레이

서경아 大田大學校 大學院 2000 국내석사

This thesis is to explain the trend of fashion display which uses surrealistic painting expression. The object of this study is as follows. 1. It introduces the concept, the history and the function of the fashion display. 2. It examines the theoretical background of the surrealism and describes the surrealistic tendency of the fashion-display. 3. It presents the Depaysement expressions of the fashion display and analyzes and compares the five different types. 4. It shows the Automatism expressions of the fashion display and analyzes and compares the five different types. 5. It studies the surrealism's effect on the fashion-display. Methodologically, theoretical study goes side by side with empirical study. As a theoretical study, it researches the literature on this subject, such as surrealistic expression method and characteristics of surrealistic fashion display. As a empirical study, it collects and analyzes the display-pictures of the foreign fashion and window-display pictures of Apgujong-Dong and Myung-Dong, downtowns of Seoul. The results of this study are as follows. 1. Introduction of objects on the basis of surrealistic perspective is a new and radical attempt, and it is found that the fashion display design applying the notion of surrealism has been played an important role as an environmental arts. 2. It made us recognize the new post-standardization process and the personalization which is getting out of the visual expression of the unified fashion-display. 3. It resulted in the introduction of variety of materials, such as metal, plastic, vinyl and dry herb which had been considered as difficult ones to be used in the fashion-display. 4. It attracted consumer's attention through the application of the three dimensional sight, shocking images and the expressive idea of the avant-garde into the display. 5. The surrealistic notion and the formative quality were presented in the modern display design with various forms and principles, and it provided the possibility of the harmony between the art of new and avant-garde sense and fashion display.

우리나라의 의약품 회수 현황과 발사르탄 회수 사례에서 나타난 과제

서경아 연세대학교 대학원 2020 국내석사

Product recall, a scheme for consumer protection, is being increasingly reported and it covers various services as well as products. In cases of pharmaceutical products, of which risks are unable to eliminate completely in spite of their common but significant usage in our life, consumer awareness for drug recalls is very negative. In Korea, drug recalls were enacted in 2007 as the pharmaceutical affairs law and high level of sincerity is required for the regulatory agencies as well as for the manufacturers. As the statistics of drug recalls in Korea appear to be concentrated at a specific period in connection with a specific issue, it is important to investigate the background and cause of recalls for each occurrence of recalls. Thus, from the recall cases in 2018 due to valsartan products which had contained carcinogenic impurity, several tasks to be challenged were extracted for the prevention of recurrence. First of all, the consideration boundary for impurities should be extended to include the derivatives or degradation products that may potentially related to any process of the synthetic route, i.e., by-product formation, branched reactions or even to their subsequent reactions. And for the evaluation and control of those recognized impurities, potential toxic risks including genotoxicity should be considered with first priority. In addition, QbD(Quality by Design) is useful as a manufacturing process control strategy that keeps the identified impurities controlled within the proven acceptable range. In addition, a sophisticated benefit-risk assessment based on scientific verification is very important for the determination of drug recalls and the experiences of valsartan recall require the generic manufacturers to challenge both high quality policies and market competitiveness at the same time. 소비자 보호제도인 리콜은, 그 범위와 사례가 점차 증가하는 추세이며, 일상성과 민감성을 가지면서도 그 위해성을 완전히 제거하기 어려운 의약품의 경우, 회수를 접하는 소비자 인식은 매우 부정적이다. 우리나라는 2007년에 의약품 회수를 개별법인 약사법으로 법제화하였고, 규제기관의 감독과 사업자의 의무 이행 성실성 또한 높은 수준으로 요구된다. 우리나라의 연간 의약품 리콜 건수는 개별 이슈와 연관되어 특정시기에 집중되는 형태로 나타나고 있어, 일련의 리콜이 동시에 발생한 배경과 원인을 이슈별로 고찰하는 것이 중요하다. 이에, 발암성 불순물을 포함하는 발사르탄 원료에 기인한 2018년의 대규모 회수 사례로부터, 재발방지를 위하여 해결해야 할 과제를 알아보았다. 우선, 합성 의약품 제조시 산생되는 불순물의 고려범위를, 합성의 주요반응은 물론, 부수적으로 동반되거나 파생된 반응들, 그리고 그들의 후속반응에 이르기까지 확장하여야 하고, 이와 같이 탐색된 개별 불순물의 관리기준 지표로서 유전독성을 포함한 안전성 정보를 우선해야 한다. 또한, QbD(Quality by Design)는 식별된 불순물을 관리기준 내로 유지하는 제조 관리 전략으로서 유용하다. 덧붙여, 과학적 검증에 바탕을 둔 정교한 Benefit-Risk 평가는 의약품의 회수 결정에서도 매우 중요하며, 발사르탄 회수 사례를 계기로, 제네릭 제조사는 높은 품질 정책과 시장 경쟁력 확보를 동시에 추구해야 할 것이다.

TV 외국 영화 프로그램 편성 실태에 관한 연구

서경아 경희대학교 신문방송대학원 1994 국내석사

FFC2Q 모형의 특성 및 적용성 연구

서경아 경기대학교 일반대학원 2010 국내석사

본 연구에서는 국내의 산지 및 자연유역과 도시유역이 혼재되어있는 특성을 가진 지형적인 특성을 고려하여 개발된 국산 도시유출모형인 FFC2Q 모형의 적용성을 분석하였다. FFC2Q 모형에 의한 유출에서는 중랑천유역(자연, 도시유역 혼재), 군자배수구역(도시유역)을 적용대상유역으로 하여 매개변수 최적화를 실시하였다. 최적화에서는 수치지도, 토지이용도, 토양도 등의 GIS를 통해 산정한 값을 제외한 유역길이, 조도계수, 지면저류량 등을 고려하여 최적 매개변수를 도출하였고, 계산 유출량을 실측치와 비교하였을 때, 가장 유사한 경우의 값을 채택하였다. 유효우량 산정, 강우분포, 지표면유출해석, 하도․관거 유출해석에 따른 유출량 및 축적방정식에 따른 오염물 농도를 비교 분석하였다. 자연 및 도시유역이 혼재되어있는 중랑천 유역의 경우 유효우량 산정법의 경우는 불투수지역은 불투수율을 고려하고, 투수지역은 CN 값을 고려한 NRCS(CASE2), 강우분포는 서울지역의 최빈빈도인 Huff 방법의 2분위, 지표면 유출해석법에서는 불투수지역은 시간-면적곡선법, 투수지역은 Clark 유역추적법, 하도․관거 유출해석의 경우는 Muskingum 법이 가장 적절한 것으로 나타났다. 군자배수구역의 경우 유역의 대부분이 불투수지역인 도시유역으로 유효우량산정법은 대표토양형을 고려한 Horton 방법, 강우분포는 Huff 방법의 2분위, 지표면 유출해석방법에서는 불투수지역은 운동파법, 투수지역은 시간-면적곡선법, 하도․관거 유출해석의 경우는 운동파법이 가장 적절한 것으로 분석되었다. 축적방정식에 따른 오염물 농도 비교는 토지이용상태를 고려하는 일오염물축적법이 실측치와 유사한 결과로 나타났다. FFC2Q 모형에 의한 산정결과를 기존의 모형(HEC-HMS, PCSWMM)의 것과 비교․분석한 결과, FFC2Q 모형의 결과치가 기존의 모형보다 실측치와 더 유사한 값으로 분석되었다. 이는 이모형이 지표면유출과 하도․관거 해석에서 적정한 방법을 타 모형보다 다양하게 선택할 수 있도록 한 것에 기인하는 것으로 판단된다. In this study, the runoff and water quality of Jungnang-stream(natural and urban basin) and Gunja drainage basin(urban basin) were analyzed through the FFC2Q(Flood Free City model 2Q: Water Quantity and Quality) taking into account domestic geographical characteristics. Optimization for the parameters of the test basin (Jungnang-stream and Gunja drainage basin) was conducted to analyze the characteristics of runoff using FFC2Q model. Optimal parameters were calculated using the length of the basin, roughness coefficient, the surface storage excluding the value calculated by GIS of the digital maps, land use, and soil map etc. As a result, simulated runoff was similar to the observed data. Runoff has been analyzed according to the calculation of effective rainfall, rainfall distribution, surface runoff analysis, and channel/sewer runoff analysis. In Jungnang-stream which is urban basin with natural characteristics, it was a proper way to use effective rainfall calculation method in impervious area considering impervious ratio and in pervious area considering Curve Number. Huff 2 quartile method was appropriate for rainfall distribution. For surface runoff analysis, time area method was proper for impervious area and clark method was proper for pervious area. Muskingum method was proper for channel/sewer runoff analysis. In case of Gunja drainage basin, Horton method was appropriate for effective rainfall calculation. Huff 2 quartile method was proved to be effective for rainfall distribution. For surface runoff analysis, kinematic wave method was proper for impervious area and time-area method was proper for pervious area. Kinematic wave method was proper for channel/sewer runoff analysis. In addition, in terms of water quality analysis, the simulation result of the daily pollutant buildup method considering land use was similar to observed data. Moreover, FFC2Q model and other models were compared. From these comparisons, FFC2Q model was found to be more accurate than other models (HEC-HMS, PCSWMM).

방과후학교 수학프로그램의 운영 실태와 만족도 조사 및 분석 : 전문계 고등학교에서

서경아 동국대학교 2011 국내석사

해마신경세포의 발달단계에 따른 저온에 대한 감수성

서경아 중앙대학교 대학원 2013 국내석사

신생아들은 저체온증에 빠지기 쉽다. 저체온증은 뇌손상을 일으키지만, 미성숙한 뇌와 성숙한 뇌에서 손상의 차이를 비교한 연구는 거의 없는 것으로 보인다. 저자들은 저온에 대해 미성숙한 뇌와 성숙한 뇌의 손상 정도를 비교하고자 하였다. 생후 7일 된 12마리의 Sprague Dawley Rats에서 얻은 해마조직을 7일과 14일 배양하였다. 각 그룹은 25 ˚C 에 각각 0분, 10분, 30분, 60분간 노출시켰다. 그 후 저온손상을 준 24시간, 48시간 후에 Propidium iodide (PI) 형광 이미지를 관찰하였다. 이미지 분석을 통하여 Cornu Ammonis 1 (CA1), CA3, Dentate Gyrus (DG)의 손상 정도를 저온손상 후 24시간, 48시간째에 측정하였고 NMDA 처리 후 손상이 된 면적과의 비율을 계산하였다. 7일 배양한 그룹에서 60분 노출한 그룹은 CA1 (P<0.001), CA3 (P=0.005), DG (P=0.011)에서 48시간째에 대조군 보다 많은 손상을 보였으며, DG에서는 24시간째에도 대조군 보다 손상이 컸다 (P=0.008). 14일 배양한 그룹에서는 대체적으로 대조군과 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 하지만, DG에서는 30분 노출군에서 48시간째에 대조군보다 적은 손상을 보였다 (P=0.048). 7일 배양군에서 CA1 (P=0.040), DG (P=0.013)는 0분, 10분, 30분, 60분 노출시간에 따른 군 사이에 유의한 차이를 보였다. 그러나 14일 배양군에서는 노출시간에 따른 유의한 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다 (CA1; P=0.182, CA3; P=0.558, DG; P=0.321). 결론적으로, 저온은 다른 신체기관들뿐만 아니라 뇌에도 손상을 주며, 미성숙한 뇌가 성숙한 뇌보다 저온손상에 취약한 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 특히 신생아에서 저온손상에 대하여 더 주의해야 한다. Neonates are prone to developing hypothermia, which can lead to brain damage. Few studies have compared the effects of hypothermia on damage to the immature and mature brain. This study evaluated the extent of damage due to hypothermia in the mature and immature brain. Hippocampal tissue cultures at 7 and 14 days in vitro (DIV) were used to represent the immature and mature brain, respectively. A total of 12 7-day-old Sprague Dawley rats were used. The cultures were exposed at 25˚C for 0, 10, 30, and 60 min (n=30 in each subgroup). Propidium iodide fluorescent images were captured 24 and 48 hrs after hypothermic injury. Damaged areas of the Cornu Ammonis 1 (CA1), CA3, and dentate gyrus (DG) were measured using image analysis. A ratio of the damaged area to the total damaged area after NMDA treatment was calculated. At 7 DIV, the tissues exposed to cold injury for 60 min showed increased damage in CA1 (P<0.001) and CA3 (P=0.005) compared to the control group at 48 hr. Increased damage to DG was observed at 24 (P=0.008) and 48 hrs (P=0.011). The 14 DIV tissues did not demonstrate any significant differences compared with the control group, except for the tissues exposed for 30 min in which DG showed less damage at 48 hr than the control group (P=0.048). In tissues at 7 DIV, CA1 (P=0.040) and DG (P=0.013) showed differences in the duration of cold exposure. In tissues at 14 DIV, there were no differences in the duration of exposure to hypothermic injury (CA1; P=0.182, CA3; P=0.558, DG; P=0.321). In conclusion, the immature brain is more vulnerable to hypothermic injury than the mature brain. As a result, hypothermia should be avoided, particularly in neonates.

미술치료 학습 프로그램을 응용한 중학교 미술수업에 관한 연구 : 한국화를 중심으로

서경아 수원대학교 교육대학원 2007 국내석사

In modern society people live suffering from emotional problems regardless of how big or small they are. Accordingly, the subject of art therapy is turning to the mass of people. Art therapy can approach and interpret human beings' mental world more easily and produce large effects. As theoretical approach, this study reviews literature and examines cases focused on art therapy educational programs and middle school art lessons using Korean painting. To achieve the purpose of this study, Chapter I covered the necessity, purpose, and methods of this study. In Chapter II the concept of art therapy was stated to help understand what art therapy is, and appreciation of Korean painting reflected in art textbooks for middles schools was stated. In Chapter III art therapy was approached in theoretical ways: psychiatric and receptive perspectives; and creative-self experiential and cognitive perspectives. Then, in terms of educational activities applying art programs, studies were conducted on approach to the activities through group art therapy and educational effects of art lessons applying art programs. Lesson plans also were studied. Finally, in chapter IV conclusion and its future possibilities were discussed. Based on the results of this study, the following conclusions were drawn: When it comes to art therapy, programs suitable to Korean situations are insufficient, and foreign cases are frequently applied. So it does not have proper effects. Since art therapy develops according to people and cultures where it is used, it is urgent to develop programs fit for our culture and thoughts. In terms of art therapy, those who visit therapists express their inner world through art expression activities, therapists understand it and help them to adjust themselves to their real life by reducing their problems and pathological phenomena. Children and adolescents who are not good at language expression can benefit from the therapy. As well as graduate schools and associations related to art therapy, graduate schools of education and various organization associated with education have conducted studies on art therapy. It means they recognize the positive effects of art therapy on children and adolescents. However, its system has not established in schools, and art therapy is implemented as after school activities or education for talents and aptitudes. To adolescents who are sensitive, lessons using art therapy are expected to be effective in refreshing their mind and their creative, emotional, visual, and tactual health. The limitation of this study is that various data were insufficient in inducing these results. If this limitation can be overcome and improved, art lessons applying the art therapy are unsatisfactory now, but its importance will be studied and the art therapy will be invigorated.

염소로 연결된 새로운 이핵 5,5,7,12,12,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane 카드뮴 착화합물의 합성 및 결정구조

서경아 공주대학교 대학원 2011 국내석사

ABSTRACT Synthesis and crystal structure of a novel chloro-bridged dinuclear cadmium complex with 5,5,7,12,12,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane Suh, Kyung Ah Department of Chemistry Education Graduate School of Education Kong-Ju National University Supervised by Professor Choi, Ki-Young The macrocyclic ligand 5,5,7,12,12,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (L) reacts with cadmium(II) chloride and excess NaClO4 to give the chloride-bridged dinuclear cadmium(II) complex [Cd(L)(μ-Cl)]2·2ClO4(1). Each cadmium(II) ion exhibits a distorted octahedral environment with two chloride atoms and four secondary amines of the macrocycle. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic system Pbca with a = 14.4768(10), b = 15.2556(15), c = 20.500(6)Å, V = 4527.6(15)Å3, Z = 4. Cyclic voltammetry of 1 gives one oxidation and two reduced processes.