Zr0.8Sn0.2TiO4 요업체에서 열처리 온도에 따른 확산유기 입계이동

김억곤 慶北大學校 2000 국내석사

부품형상 및 용접상태 불량검사 기술에 관한 연구

김억곤 경남대학교 산업대학원 2012 국내석사

This paper proposes a non-contact inspective technology based robot vision system for Faulty Inspection of welding States and Parts Shape. The maine focus is real time implementation of the machining parts' automatic inspection by the robotic moving. For this purpose, the automatic test instrument inspects the precision components designator the vision system. pattern Recognition Technologies and Precision Components for vision inspection technology and precision machining of precision parts including the status and appearance distinguish between good and bad. To perform a realization of a real-time automation integration system for the precision parts of manufacturing process, it is designed a robot vision system for the integrated system controller and verified the reliability through experiments. The main contents of this dissertation, the robot vision technology for noncontact inspection of precision components and welding states is to utilize this technology in the production process for FA. 21C 접어들면서 제조산업에서 가장 크게 대두되는 문제점은 제조산업에서 기본적인 산업 즉, 뿌리산업이라 할 수 있는 용접 및 가공 공정 등의 현장 노동인력의 부족현상이라 할 수 있다. 지금까지의 소품종 대량생산 산업 사회에서 고도의 정보화 사회로 변환되어 가는 과정에서 인건비의 상승과 현장 혐오환경 업종 기피와 같은 현상이 나타나고 있다. 이러한 사회적 변화를 능동적으로 대처하기 위한 방법의 하나로 단순 반복 공정에 주로 이용되던 영상처리 및 형상인식 기술을 응용한 비전 기술을 결합하여 보다 복잡하고 다양한 작업을 수행할 수 있게 함으로써 로봇이 인간을 대신하여 작업을 수행하게 하고자 하는 노력이 계속되고 있다. 이러한 노동인력의 부족으로 어려움을 격고 있는 문제점을 해결하기 위해서 산업용 로봇의 기능 및 역할을 확대하기 위해서 주위환경의 인지 및 검사 조정하는 기능이 필수적으로 요구되고 있다. 이와 같이 중요한 시각 기능을 산업 생산 시스템에 실제 적용하고자 하는 많은 연구 중 하나가 로봇 비전 기술이라 할 수 있다. 검사용 비전 시스템이 산업 생산 현장에서 성공적으로 적용되기 위해서는 동작속도가 생산 라인의 속도에 맞춰져야 하는 고속성, 사용자가 원하는 정확도를 일관되게 유지되어야 하는 일관성, 그리고 생산비용면에서 타당성이 인정될 수 있는 저렴성이 고려되어야 한다. 그리고 기존의 비전 시스템들은 처리 영상 데이터의 방대함과 영상처리 알고리즘의 난해함 그리고 영상처리 시스템의 고비용 등으로 위와 같은 조건들 모두를 만족시키기는 어려웠고 그 응용사례도 극히 제한적이었다고 할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 고속의 디지털 신호처리기 칩을 사용하여 내부적으로 병렬처리가 가능하며 고속의 하드웨어적인 영상처리가 가능하도록 로봇 비전 시스템 본체를 구성 한다. 본 논문에서는 기계 가공 부품의 가공상태 및 부품의 용접상태 등을 검사하기 위한 로봇 비전 기술을 개발하여 부품의 형상인식 및 검사, 부품의 장착 또는 조립시의 위치보전 그리고 부품이나 기구의 2차원, 3차원적인 규격 등의 작업을 수행하기 위하여 카메라 모델링 방법, 제시된 카메라 모델링 기법에 근거해서 실제 영상 취득시 렌즈, 카메라, 디지털화 등에서 존재하는 노이즈 등을 제거하기 위해 실시간 형상인식기술을 제시하였다. 제안되는 자동검사용 비전기술은 영상은 90㎱의 단일 사이클 교시 실행 시간을 가진 TI사의 고속 디지털 신호처리기인 TMS320C3x Chip을 CPU로 사용하여 내부적으로 병렬처리가 가능하며 고속의 하드웨어적인 영상처리가 가능한 영상처리용 하드웨어를 사용하여 CCD 카메라를 통하여 취득한다. CCD 카메라를 통해 취득되어지는 연속치의 아날로그 영상은 영상처리용 하드웨어를 통해 표본화(Sampling)하고, 양자화하여 디지털 영상 데이터로 변화시켜야 한다. 본 연구에서 사용한 영상처리용 하드웨어는 시각센서 역할을 하는 카메라 시계내의 연속적인 공간을 640×480이하 픽셀로 표본화하고 약 260 그레이 레벨로 양자화하여 디지털 영상을 얻어 실시간으로 처리할 수 있다. 그리고 산업현장에서 로봇 비전 시스템을 이용하여 실시간으로 기계부품의 형상을 인식과 용접상태 양불 검사를 수행할 수 있는 기술의 실용화 방안을 제시하고 실험을 통하여 그 성능을 검증하고, 그리고 기존의 결과와의 비교검토를 통하여 그 신뢰성을 검증한다.

남북한 철도 연결의 과제 및 효과에 관한 연구

김억곤 동국대학교 경영대학원 2003 국내석사

Historically, the connection enterprise of north and south railroads for human and material interchange and cooperation between South and North Korea was built on September 18th, 2002. It is of breaking the wall of partition during half a century for interpreted with pyrotechnics which jump over the dimension of interchange and cooperation, the South and North Korea to be connected with north and south railroads. This enterprises have a symbolic meaning that internally and externally the military confrontation of Korean peninsula is being relaxed and the depending relationship of South and North Korea becomes accelerative. Moreover this enterprises will become new initial point of a national rconciliation and prosperity and foothold which Korean peninsula to jump as logistics center nation. This dissertation tried to investigate policy subject, spread effect and economic meaning and so forthon the above observation, Also investigated the economic effect on Northeast Asia which the connection of north and south railroads has, considering a point boosted as an interested matter of North Asia, further Urasia. This dissertation tried to ovserve the following contents. First, it was ovserved from the dissertation regarding the connection of north and south railroads, first of all, to perform general investigation on railroad transportation. It was observed the importance and characteristic of railroad transportation and preceding research. Secondly, It is tried to observe the present condition rehabilitation view and railroad transportation quantity of South and North Korea railroad. Especially, observed multiply the possible transportability and quantity and so forth when the snorth and south railroads is connected. Third, it is ovserved the policy subject and economic spread effect of connection of north and south railroads: Besides, observed the economic spread effect that this enterprises extends to whole continent of Northasia, Urasia as well as ans effect the connection of north and south railroads has on orea economy. Also provided a prospect after connection of north and south railroads. The present link Kyoung-ui railroads has a more symbolic meaning than a substantial effect. In the future, it is important to ascertain the cargo quantity to be transported for south and north, first of all, in order to draw substantial economic effect as connecting transportation defile routes through investigation of traffic facilities inside North Korea shall be solved. After the transportation network will be connected and the facilities and operation circumstances of North Asia are improved, the transit cargo quantity linked to continent will be predicted as a principal axis as compared with a scale of economic cooperation of South and North Korea. Therefore the transportation networkof South Korea concentrated in capital region will be gradually reorganized for smooth transportation. The connection of transportation network South and Northe Korea internally and externally means not only relaxation of military confrontation condition of Korean peninsula but also raises the phase of South Korea and North Korea from international society, from which the economic effect will be derived. Conwequently the detailed stablishment of strategy on a long term demand and supply prospect of transportation part of North Korea, the expansion direction of duration facilities and the investment priority shall be required to accelerate the economic and social integration of Korean Peninsula.

수학학습과 작업기억의 관계

김억곤 성균관대학교 일반대학원 2004 국내석사

전략적 도식을 이용한 교수가 수학 문장식 문제 수행에 미치는 효과

김억곤 成均館大學校 2009 국내박사

This study investigated the effect of the strategic schema based instruction on mathematical word problems. Experiment 1 compared three problem solving instructional approaches: schema based instruction, schema based elaboration instruction and general strategy instruction on word problem solving performance of elementary school students who were in general class. The subjects totaled 72 fifth grade students who were exposed to a test that consisted of 10 word problem items of two types for 6 sessions. First of all, the baseline of word problem performance level was measured without any training. During session 2,3,4 and 5, participants were put into strategic training groups: schema based instruction, schema based elaboration instruction and general strategy instruction. The sixth sessions were carried out to determine whether trained strategic effects would be maintained without loss. The experiment was designed by two between factors(three intervention group, three ability group) and two within factors(two problem types, four sessions). First, the analyses were carried out to all students who belonged to each group. In the next place, the results were analyzed according to ability groups(high, medium, low grade). In this way, the within factors were analyzed totally first, and again based on ability level. The results of experiment 1 were as follows: First, in the case of word problem(ratio and compare), the main effects for group, session and interaction between group and session were statistically significant. The schema based elaboration group performed significantly better than students in other groups. Each group's performance increased from a pretest to post tests. Each group's students were able to apply their use of word problem solving skills to novel word problems. However, the differences between groups on the post test were statistically significant, favoring the schema based elaboration group. Second, in the case of ratio, the main effect for group, session and interaction between group and session were statistically significant. The schema based elaboration group performed significantly better than students in other groups in session 3 and 4 and the schema based instruction group performed significantly better than students in the general strategy group in session 2, 3 and 4 on compare word problem solving performance. Third, In the case of compare, the main effect for group was statistically significant, but interaction between group and session was not significant. The schema based elaboration group performed significantly better than students in other groups in sessions 3 and 4. Experiment 2 compared two problem solving instructional approach: schema based elaboration and schema based representation instruction according to ability group on word problem solving performance of elementary school students who were in general student group. The subjects totaled 48 fifth grade students who were exposed to a test that consisted of 10 ratio word problem items for sixth sessions. First of all, the baseline of word problem performance level was measured without any training. During session 2, 3, 4 and 5, participants were put into strategic training groups: schema based elaboration and schema based representation instruction. The sixth sessions was carried out to determine whether trained strategic effects would be maintained without loss. The experiment was designed by two between factors(two intervention group, three ability group) and one within factor(mathematical word problem including ratio). First, the analyses were carried out to all students who belonged to each group. In the next place, the results were analyzed according to ability groups(high, medium, low grade). The results of experiment 2 were as follows: The main effect for session was statistically significant, but for the group as well as the interaction between group and session was not significant. Each group's performance increased from a pretest to post tests. Each group's students were able to apply their use of word problem solving skills to novel word problems. The differences between group on the post tests were not significant. Experiment 3 compared two problem solving instructional approaches, schema based sequence instruction and schema based parallel instruction on word problem solving performance of elementary school students who were in general students group. The subjects were totaled 48 third grade students who were exposed to a test that consisted of 9 word problem items from three types for 4 sessions. First of all, the baseline of word problem performance level was measured without any training. The experiment was designed by one between factor(schema based sequence instruction and schema based parallel instruction) and two within factors(three problem types, three sessions). First, the analyses were carried out to all students who belonged to each group. In the next place, the results were analyzed according to problem types. The results of experiment 3 were as follows: The main effects for group and session were statistically significant, but interaction between group and session was not significant. Second, in the case of group type, the main effects for group and session was statistically significant, but the interaction between group and session was not significant. Schema based sequence instruction group performed significantly better than students in another group in session 1 and 2 on group word problem solving performance. Third, in the case of change, the main effects for group and session was statistically significant, but the interaction between groups and sessions was not significant. Fourth, in the case of compare, the main effects for group was statistically significant, but the interaction between group and session was not significant. Schema based sequence instruction group performed significantly better than students in an other group in session 1. The effect of strategic schema based instruction revealed that solving word problems relied upon problem types, sessions and input orders which were of great value.

작업기억과 수학학습의 관계

김억곤 成均館大學校 大學院 2004 국내석사

Children's mathematics difficulties are often explained in terms of a working memory deficit, but the underlying cause of this memory deficit is unclear. The purpose of this study was to clarify underlying cause of this memory in children with difficulties in mathematics. The subjects were total 137 children from elementary school in seoul. The experiment was designed by two factors of arithmetics (high, medium, low grade) and geometry (high, medium, low grade). Nine groups were compared on phonological loop, visuo spatial pad and working memory measures. Two way ANOVA was applied to find out how different achievements of phonological loop, visuo spatial pad and working memory were. A phonological span procedure was used to measure the limit of children's ability to add together pairs of multi-digit numbers. Materials for measuring addition span consisted of three lists of additions with increasing complexity. There was one list for each of the three types of difficulty of the addition operations (Easy, Hard, Carry). A visuospatial span procedure was used to reproduce the sequence. The apparatus for this test was a set of identical blocks glued to random positions on a computer screen. Each trial the participant observed the experimenter taps a sequence of blocks and then attempted to reproduce the sequence. Span was measured by gradually increasing sequence length to find the point where performance break down. Mathematical achievement test consisted of two different parts. One was arithmetics, the other was geometry. They had 10 items each. The results of this experiment were as follows: First, the phonological loop appeared to be involved in arithmetics. Second, the visuospatial pad appeared to be involved in geometry problems. Third, different component of working memory took specialized role in mathematics. This result supported the hypothesis that children with the difficulties in mathematics have had specific dificit in working memory.