逆旋回 圓偏波를 利用한 새로운 XCP-OFDM 시스템에 관한 硏究

김병옥 부경대학교 대학원 2002 국내박사

이온교환 부직포에 의한 이산화질소(NO_(2)) 제거에 관한 연구

김병옥 연세대학교 대학원 2002 국내석사

본 연구에서는 화학반응식을 이용하여 이산화질소(NO_(2))를 생성하고, pH meter 방법을 사용하여 NO_(2)의 제거율 측정 실험을 하였다. 이 실험방법으로 실험실 조건에서 신속, 간편하게 연속적인 NO_(2)가스의 제거경향을 측정할 수 있었다. NO_(2) 제거율 측정을 위해서 이온교환법을 이용해 제작한 dry, wet(humidity: 300%) 상태 양이온, 음이온교환부직포, 처리안한부직포(PET-PAN)의 6가지 형태를 사용하여 실험하였다. 실험에 사용한 이온교환부직포는 우즈베키스탄 핵물리 연구소의 R. Haydarov와 (주)이엔테크놀로지와의 공동연구를 통해 제작하였다. 본 실험에 사용한 NO_(2)의 발생은 금속인 Cu와 HNO_(3)(ℓ)의 화학반응을 이용하여 아래와 같이 발생시켰다. Cu+ 4HNO_(3)→ Cu(NO_(3))_(2) + 2NO_(2)+ 2H_(2)O 발생되는 NO_(2)와 HNO_(3)(ℓ) vapor의 영향을 살펴보기 위해서 서로 다른 양의 Cu와 HNO_(3)(ℓ)가 사용되었다. 실험에 사용된 Cu의 양은 20∼150mg이었고 HNO_(3)(ℓ)의 양은 0.16∼30ml가 사용되었으며 flow rate은 0.2∼1.5L/min로 조절하여 실험을 하였다. 낮은 농도와 높은 농도의 NO_(2)가스 제거 실험을 위해서 2가지 형태의 실험장치를 set-up하여 사용하였다. NO_(2)가스의 제거율 산출을 위해 사용한 방법은 pH meter를 이용하여 부직포를 통과한 후 물에 흡수된 HNO_(3)(ℓ)농도를 측정하는 방법과 Griess-Saltzman reaction을 이용한 nitrogen dioxide air pollution test kit (La Motte Co.)를 사용하였다. 실험결과 HNO_(3)(ℓ) vapor의 제거에서는 HNO_(3)(ℓ) vapor의 농도가 낮고 wet상태의 이온교환부직포일수록 제거효과가 좋았고, HNO_(3)(ℓ) vapor 농도가 NO_(2)제거에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위하여 NO_(2)와 HNO_(3)(ℓ) vapor의 혼합된 가스에서 NO_(2) 제거실험은 처음 몇 분간 HNO_(3)(ℓ) vapor와 NO_(2)가 공존하는 영역과 HNO3(ℓ) vapor만 존재하는 2영역으로 구분되어 시간의 증감분과 HNO_(3) 질량의 증감분을 이용하여 제거된 NO_(2)의 농도를 산출할 수 있었고 HNO_(3)(ℓ) vapor농도에 따라 NO_(2)제거율에 미치는 영향이 크다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. NO_(2)가스의 제거에 있어서 wet상태의 음이온교환부직포가 가장 좋은 제거율을 보인 이유는 PEI(Polyethylenimine)를 화학처리하여 생긴 C-NH-R-NH-R- intermediate active group과 표면과 fiber 사이에 함유된 수분(3N_(2)O_(4)+2H_(2)O → 4HNO_(3)+2NO), 분자흡수(molecular absorbing)에 의해서 보다 잘 제거되었다고 판단된다. 포화과정(saturation process)을 통해서 관찰된 yield에서는 wet상태 음이온교환부직포가 상당히 높게 나타났고 포화되는 과정 output curve를 통해서 적절한 재생시기를 결정할 수 있었다. 또한, flow rate변화에 따른 NO_(2)제거에 있어서는 flow rate이 증가함에 따라서, wet된 상태보다 dry된 상태에서 flow rate의 영향을 많이 받는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 화학반응식을 이용, NO_(2)를 경제적인 방법으로 생성하고 pH meter 방법으로 NO_(2)의 제거경향을 간단하고 연속적으로 파악할 수 있었다고 생각한다. This paper was about experiment of NO_(2) removal rate measurement using pH meter method and its generation using chemical reaction. It was very rapid and simple method that was measured continuously in laboratory condition for measurement of NO_(2) removal trend. This experiment was used 6 type of non-woven fabric, such as dry and wet(humidity: 300%) condition of no treatment non-woven fabric(PET-PAN), cation, anion chemically treated by ion-exchange which was efficient to NO_(2) removal. We were used ion-exchange non-woven fabric that was cooperated with R. Haydarov who worked in Institute of Nuclear Physics Uzbekistan and EN Technology Incorporation. Generation of NO_(2) was used chemical reaction as follows. Cu + 4HNO_(3) → Cu(NO_(3))Z_(2) + 2NO_(2) + 2H_(2)O Different quantities of HNO_(3)(ℓ) and metal(Cu) were used in the experiment with high and low concentration of NO_(2) and HNO_(3)(ℓ) vapor: from 0.16ml to 30ml of HNO_(3)(ℓ) and from 20 to 150mg of Cu. The flow rate of the air in different experiment was 0.2∼1.5 L/min. Two types of equipment were setup in experiment for determination of properties of the non-woven fabric in high and low concentrations of NO_(2). pH meter method and nitrogen dioxide air pollution test kit (La Motte Co.) method, based on Griess-Saltzman reaction, were used calculated the NO_(2) removal rate which was passed through the non-woven fabric and absorbed in absorbing liquid. Calculation of the removal rate was compared with the results of testwithout non-woven fabric. Test results of the HNO_(3)(ℓ) vapor removed by the ion-exchange non-woven fabric that were more effective when the concentration of HNO_(3)(ℓ) vapor was low and wet condition. For investigation, the removal of HNO_(3)(ℓ) vapor and influence of vapor on the removal NO_(2) divided into 2 ranges during some minutes. 1st range was mixed HNO_(3)(ℓ) vapor and NO_(2) and then 2nd range was only existed HNO_(3)(ℓ) vapor. The removal rate of NO_(2) in the mixture condition was calculated by time and HNO_(3) mass variation at 2 ranges. According to the concentration of HNO_(3)(ℓ) vapor, we could be confirmed that the removal rate had largely influenced on NO_(2) removal rate. Wet anion-exchange non-woven fabric represented excellent removal rate that removed NO_(2) by means of three reaction mechanisms such as reaction with C-NH-R-NH-R- intermediate active group, reaction with water contained on the surface and between fibers (3N_(2)O_(4)+2H_(2)O→4HNO_(3)+2NO) and molecular absorbing. We were measured saturation process with anion-exchange non-woven fabric that was excellent NO_(2) removal rate and compared of Yield between dry and wet anion-exchange non-woven fabric. Wet anion-exchange non-woven fabric gave the best results during the saturation process for the yield measurement and we could determine suitable generation time using the saturation process output curve. Also, We were researched the effect of flow rate in removal NO_(2) that was mainly affected by the increase of flow rate and the dry condition of non-woven fabric. In conclusion, I think that this paper was experimented the pH meter method that was simply and continuously measured the removal trend of NO_(2) and economically generate the NO_(2).

우리나라 中小企業의 信用度 評價에 관한 硏究

김병옥 東亞大學校 經營大學院 1990 국내석사

The small and medium industries in Korea is of the greatest importance not only because of the proportionate size of the national economy but also because of their enormous contribution to the growth of the national economy. The small and medium industries account at present for 98.5% in the number of enterprises, 64.2% in employment, 39.5% in the value of their products and for 43.5% in value-added. The small and midium industries also play a vital role in the fields such as : (1) enhancing the ability or capacity of large industries ; (2) one of major exporters as a whole ; (3) maintaining social and political stability ; (4) being an important basis for building up toward a welfare-state by providing enormous job opportunites ; (5) serving to the promotion of well balanced-development of the nation geografically. However, the small and medium industries are suffered from a variety of difficulties such as paltriness in size, premodern system of management, low-level technology, low-level credit evaluation and frailty in their financial structure. These are the most serious problems of the industries which require prompt actions to be taken. Despite the continuous support by the government to improve the situation, some problems still remain unimproved. Especially, among others, the credit evaluation institution for the industries is still being applied in the previous method. Although the significance of the small and medium industries is perceived to be of importance, it is underestimated especially in the area of credit evaluation mainly because of inferior financial structure and administrational condition. With the backgrounds examined up to now we narrow down to our prime object which is to achieve the more efficient credit evaluation and to give the credit facility to the small and medium industries. In this respect, we should consider thoroughly the following problems : 1) The credit evaluation gave too much specific gravity to the superficial financial analysis. 2) The external surrounding factors were excluded in credit evaluation. 3) Subjective factors exist to the excessive degree in the evaluation marks item of "composite evaluation table" for the industries. 4) There is deficiency of the distinction standard distinguishing bad and good loan. 5) There is deficiency of mutual comparative analysis system in the method of account processing 6) There is deficiency of evaluation marks factor deciding the ability of manager which is able to resolve a labor-management dispute. In order to improve the above situation, the researcher makes four reform measures. They are : 1) It should be consolidated into the credit evaluation to the industries that the ability analysis about manager and the evaluation marks have been applied on the previous analysis method. 2) In evaluation of the credit, the trends of each industry and its surrounding factors should be more thoroughly analized and the mutual comparative method should also be introduced. 3) The ability of manager to resolve labor-management disputes should be reflected on the credit evaluation. 4) The management strategy should be an important factor in Credit evaluation. It is because the management strategy and financial structure are depended on the future value of the enterprise. We have come to the conclusion that the four key measures suggested above will give a more extensive credit facility to the small and medium industries, which will in turn make a contribution to the development of the national industry as a whole.

企業의 退職年金制度 選擇에 關한 硏究

김병옥 숭실대학교 대학원 2011 국내박사

ABSTRACT An Empirical Study on the choices of Retirement pension plans Kim, Byung Ok Department of Venture & Entrepreneurship Graduate School Soongsil University This research aims to consider the financial structure, profitability, cash flow, and corporation taxes of such enterprises as have retirement pension plans, with a view to understanding the effects of their financial characteristics on the choices of retirement pension plans like defined contribution (DC) and defined benefit (DB) ones. In adopting retirement pension plans, it is hard to select from DC and DB plans. So, objective financial data of domestic enterprises which had introduced or changed their retirement pension plans were utilized to know financial characteristics and laborer traits & factors of each retirement pension type and analyze the preference factors. Based on the information needed to select a retirement pension plan type, a hypothesis was set up for empirically analyzing the relationship between the choices of retirement pension plans and the characteristics of enterprises. The results of the empirical study found that enterprises, which had a long history and a labor union, preferred to choose a DB type while, in general, large companies which had a large number of laborers tended to select a DB type which is preferred by their laborers, so as to pacify the laborers' turnover intentions, improve the labor-management partnership, and increase the productivity of labor and the performances of enterprises. It was also found that managers in enterprises, which had employees' efficiency was higher, preferred to select a DB type so as to enhance the satisfaction of their laborers, diminish their turnover intentions, promote harmony between labor and management, and to increase the productivity of labor, and the performances of enterprises and that enterprises which had lots of allowance for employee retirement benefits preferred to select a DC type, in which all the liabilities of enterprises shall be deduced, so as to get as many tax benefits as possible. It is highly possible that enterprises which pay out cash dividends will prefer to select a DB type so as to secure the liquidity of cash flow for the dividends. Listed enterprises selected a DB type. In a word, enterprises would select a retirement pension plan while giving top priority to the welfare of their laborers and accepting the demands of the laborers. This research is significant and contributory in that it is the first study prepared in Korea to empirically analyze which of DB and DC types of retirement pension plan enterprises would like to choose, after considering the enterprises' financial factors such as financial structure, profitability, cash flow, and corporation taxes. 國文抄錄 企業의 退職年金制度 選擇에 關한 硏究 벤처中小企業學科 金炳玉 指 導 敎 授 崔文秀 본 연구의 목적은 퇴직연금제도를 도입하는 기업의 재무구조, 수익성, 현금흐름, 법인세 등의 측면에서 고찰하고 기업의 재무적 특성이 퇴직연금제도의 선택, 즉 확정기여형(DC)과 확정급여형(DB)에 어떠한 영향을 미칠 수 있는지를 살펴보는 것이다. 퇴직연금제도의 도입에는 확정기여형(DC: defined contribution)과 확정급여형(DB: defined benefit)과 같이 선택적 측면에 있어 어려움이 존재한다. 따라서 지금까지 국내에서 퇴직연금제도를 도입하거나, 전환한 기업들의 객관적인 재무자료를 활용해, 퇴직연금 유형별 재무적 특성과 근로자 속성요인을 파악하고, 선호요인을 분석하였다. 이를 기초로 퇴직연금제도 도입 시 유형선택에 필요한 정보를 근거로 가설을 설정하고, 퇴직연금제도의 선택과 기업의 특성들 간의 관계를 실증적으로 분석하였다. 실증분석 결과에 의하면 근로자 수가 많은 대기업들은 일반적으로 근로자가 선호하는 확정급여형(DB) 퇴직연금제도를 선택함으로써, 근로자들의 이직의도를 감소시키고, 노사 간 파트너쉽을 향상시켜 노동생산성 및 기업의 성과를 증가시키는 결과를 유도하려는 경향이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 노동조합이 존재하는 기업이나 종업원의 효율성이 높은 기업일수록, 기업의 경영자는 근로자가 선호하는 확정급여형(DB) 퇴직연금제도를 선택하여, 근로자들의 만족도를 높임으로써, 근로자들의 이직의도를 감소시키고, 노사 간 화합을 유도하여 노동생산성 및 기업의 성과를 증진시키려 하는 것으로 나타났으며, 퇴직급여충당금이 많은 기업은 퇴직연금제도로 전환할 경우, 기업의 부담금 전액이 손금 산입되는 확정기여형(DC)을 선택하여, 최대한 많은 세제혜택을 받으려고 하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 현금배당을 지급하는 기업일수록, 배당을 위한 현금흐름확보의 유연성을 위해 확정급여형(DB)을 선택 할 가능성이 높을 것으로 나타났으며, 상장된 기업은 확정급여형(DB)을 선택하는 것으로 나타났다. 결국, 기업이 퇴직연금제도를 도입하는데 재무적 요인을 고려한 도입을 결정하고, 퇴직연금제도의 유형 선택은 근로자의 복지향상을 최우선으로, 근로자의 요구를 수용한 결정을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 퇴직연금제도의 선택에 대해서 기업의 재무구조, 수익성, 현금흐름, 법인세 등의 측면에서 고찰하고 이러한 재무적 요인들을 고려했을 때, 확정급여형(DB)과 확정기여형(DC) 중에서 기업이 어떤 형태의 퇴직연금제도를 선택하는 지를 분석한 국내 최초의 논문이라는데 본 연구의 공헌의의라 할 수 있다.

공자의 체육 교육사상에 대한 고찰

김병옥 全南大學校 1986 국내석사

Confucius, one of the most four famous saints of the world, and arranging or editing six Chinese classics, achieved to compile the culture before the Confucianism. His thought involved all kinds of politics, ethics and education in the related fields. Originally, gymnastics became a part or field of the education and so the books of Confucius contain such contents but its name. This study is an attempt to seek for things, for which we are to take on the merits of the ancient important educational gymnastics by the favour of Confucius educational ideas for gymnastics in terms of modern physical education. At that time, Confucius accomplished and took into practice the athletic thoughts due to the contemporary political and social influences. The essence he took into practice about the thought of physical education is a sort of athletics for citizens and soldiers. In peace time, it accomplished a function of rituals and health, which in war-time cultivated its military tactics. The aim of Confucius physical education lies in the promotion of physical health, in the learning of decorum, fighting capacity, and the making good use of leisure time. It will be pointed out that the crucial content of physical education consists in the shooting, ruling, and dancing, and also the method of physical education emphasizes on the continued exercises, the spirit of volunteer, taste, and individual differences.

우리나라 징세비용과 조세정책 방향에 관한 연구

김병옥 한양대학교 산업경영대학원 2006 국내석사

현수 담체를 이용한 생물학적 염색폐수처리

김병옥 嶺南大學校 1997 국내석사

은행신상품 개발에 관한 연구 : 은행신상품 관련속성과 은행서비스 속성 중심으로

김병옥 경희대학교 대학원 1996 국내석사

産業立地面에서 본 仁川의 地理的 特性

김병옥 建國大學校 大學院 1975 국내석사

咬耗小面과 咬合音에 對한 臨床的 硏究

김병옥 朝鮮大學校 大學院 1986 국내석사

The purpose of this study was to define the validity of the occlusal adjustment of occlusal wear facets, one of the signs of trauma from occlusion, for occlusal stability. Eighteen subjects, 22 to 25 years of age, without gingival inflammation and other signs of trauma from occlusion except occlusal wear facets were selected from dental students in Chosun Universitiy. The area of occlusal wear facets was measured by transparent section paper on the stone cast with pencil marks. The tapping sounds in centric occlusion were recorded as bone conduction sounds by using a gnathosonic system (Dental Sound Checker TME - 202C, Yoshida Co., Japan) and the oscillograph traces and the duration of the left and right sounds were analyzed by taking photograph before, immediately after and one-week after the narrowing of the occlusal wear facets, respectively. The results were as follows : 1 . The average area of occlusal wear facets of the posterior teeth in all subjects was 176.89±61.84mm^(2). The differences of the average of occlusal wear facets between the left and the right side teeth, and the upper and the lower teeth were not significant(P>0.05). 2 . In the left, the oscillograph traces of tapping sounds in centric occlusion were changed in 50% and 27.28% of the cases, and in the right, they were changed in 50% and 3%. 87% of the cases, immediately after and one-week after treatment, respectively. 3 . The oscillograph traces of the subjects in impact sound of pretreatment were not changed through occlusal adjustment. 4 . The return tendency of the oscillograph traces of occlusal sound one-week after treatment was more predominent in different wave patterns than in same wave patterns in the left and right side. 5 . In the left, the average duration of the tapping sounds in centric occlusion was decreased significantly from 9.43msec. pretreatment to 8. 15msec. immediately after treatment(P<0.05), but it was increased slightly to 8.64msec. one-week after treatment(P>0.05). In the right, the average duration of the tapping sounds in centric occlusion was decreased significantly from 9.28msec. pretreatment to 8.17msec. immediately after treatment(P<0.05), but it was increased slightly to 8.59msec. one-week after treatment (P> 0.05).