주석 스크랩으로부터 습식제련법에 의한 주석 유가금속의 분리 회소에 관한 연구

문경혜 한국해양대학교 대학원 2016 국내석사

황화처리를 이용한 전로슬래그 중 Cu의 부유선별 거동 연구

김종걸 한국해양대학교 대학원 2015 국내석사

The slags containing valuable metals have been generated 2.030 million ton a year, and the amounts of blast furnace slag, covert slag, electro-slag are 1,100 million ton, 600 million ton, and 330 million ton, respectively. The slag is recycled in cement industry or retreated for the recovery of valuable metals to protect the environment and prevent losing of valuable resources. The purpose of this study is to figure out the behavior of Cu flotation in convert slag with xanthate after selective sulfidizing of copper oxide using sulfidizing reagent. In order to investigate the effect of sulfidization, contact angles were measured and the distribution of the sample components were analyzed with SEM-EDS. Flotation tests were performed to investigate the flotation behavior of metals. In the result of sulfidizing test, the optimum condition of Cu ion is as follows; 60min in reaction time. 20℃ in reaction temperature, pH 3. The concentration of sulfidizing reagent was required double more than that of metal ions to sulfidize metals. Although the sulfidization of Cu was observed in the result of SEM-EDS, other metals such as Pb also were sulfidized at the same time. This result indicates that the selective sulfidization was not achieved in the tests. After sulfidizing, the contact angle increased from 52゜ to 115゜, which shows sulfidizing could produce a hydrophobic surface. In the result of flotation experiment, the grades of Cu, Zn, Fe, Ni, Pb were 12.41%, 1.49%, 32.19%, 0.11%, 0.66%, respectively, in concentrate and 3.82%, 2.46%, 0.18%, 0.69%, respectively, in tailing. The grade of Cu was higher in concentrate than in tailing. The grade and recovery were 11.0% and 62.8%, respectively, under the following conditions; pulp density 3g/300ml, MIBC 160g/t and SIPX 500g/t.

염산용액에서 산소와 텔루륨 4가 이온 첨가에 의한 텔루륨 침출 개선

노경남 한국해양대학교 대학원 2018 국내석사

텔루륨(Te)은 박막태양전지(CdTe)와 열전소자(Bi2Te3)의 주원소로, 신재생에너지가 개발됨에 따라 Te에 대한 수요는 급격히 증가하고 있다. 그러나 Te 공급량은 수요량에 비해 부족해질 전망이므로 Te을 함유한 폐자원으로부터 재활용 공정이 개발되어야 한다. 그러나 국내외로 Te에 관한 연구가 많이 이루어지지 않아 자료가 부족한 상태이다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 Te granule을 이용하여 염산에서 Te 침출 거동을 확인한 후, 이러한 성질을 토대로 폐열전소자에 적용하여 열전소자로부터 Te의 침출 거동을 알아보고자 하였다. Te은 염산으로부터 침출되기 어렵지만 산소가 존재할 경우 침출이 가능해진다. 그러나 산소만 주입시켜줄 경우 금속형태의 Te이 이온화되는데 시간이 오래걸리므로, 산소에 Te4+(텔루륨 4가 이온)을 추가로 넣어주게 되면 침출 반응 속도가 빨라졌다. Te granule은 75㎛ 이하로 분쇄한 뒤 체질을 통해서 75㎛ 이하의 샘플만 채취하여 침출실험에 사용하였다. 침출반응 인자로 가스 주입의 영향(산소, 공기, 질소), 염산농도, Te4+의 농도, 온도, 교반속도, 고액비에 따른 영향을 알아보았다. Te 침출율은 공기 주입량, 염산농도, Te4+의 농도, 온도가 높아질수록, 교반속도가 빨라질수록 향상되는 반면, 고액비가 증가함에 따라 감소하였다. Te 침출의 최적의 조건은 4000ppm Te4+이 존재하는 5M HCl, 온도 90℃, 교반속도 600rpm, 고액비 1% (2g/200mL), 공기주입량 200cc/min으로, Te은 240분내에 99%이상의 침출율을 보였다. 열전소자의 경우, Te4+을 넣어주었을 때 Te 세멘테이션 현상이 발생했다. 이는 Te4+이 Te보다 표준 전극 전위가 낮은 원소들 Sn, Sb, Cu, Bi를 이온화시키는데 먼저 사용되었기 때문이다. 그 결과, 4000ppm의 Te4+이 존재하는 5M HCl, 온도 90℃, 교반속도 600rpm, 고액비 1%, 공기주입량 200cc/min 조건에서 5분 이내에 Sn, Sb, Cu, Bi는 99% 이상의 침출율을 보였고 Te은 15분 이후에 침출되기 시작했다. 산화제로 산소와 Te4+을 사용하게 되면, Te의 세멘테이션 현상으로 열전소자에 포함된 다른 원소들로부터 Te을 분리하는 것이 용이할 것으로 사료되어진다. Tellurium(Te) is a main element used in thin-film solar cells(CdTe) and thermoelectric materials (Bi2Te3), and the demand for tellurium is rapidly increasing as renewable energy develops. Since tellurium supply is expected to be insufficient compared to demand, a recycling process must be developed from waste materials containing tellurium. However, there have been a few studies on the tellurium recycling. Therefore, in the present study, leaching the behaviors of tellurium in granule and waste thermoelectric materials were investigated in hydrochloric acid solution. It has been found that tellurium is difficult to leach in a hydrochloric acid solution. Although it is possible to dissolve tellurium in hydrochloric acid with oxygen, the reaction is slow. It was expected the leaching rate could be accelerated by adding Te4+ ion and the oxygen. Tellurium granule was ground to less than 75㎛ and then used in the leaching tests. The effect of gas type(nitrogen, air, oxygen), hydrochloric acid concentration, temperature, agitation speed, pulp density was investigated. The leaching efficiency of tellurium increased with increasing air flow rate, agitation speed, Te4+ ion concentration, hydrochloric acid concentration, temperature whereas it decreased with increasing pulp density. Optimum condition of tellurium leaching was that 5M HCl with 4000mg/L Te4+, 90℃, 600rpm, 1% pulp density, air flow rate 200cc/min where the leaching efficiency of tellurium was 99% within 240min. In the case of the leaching test using thermoelectric materials, when Te4+ was added, tellurium precipitated by cementation reaction. Because Te4+ was first used to dissolve Sn, Sb, Cu, and Bi with lower standard redox potential than Te. As a result, Sn, Sb, Cu, Bi were leached over 99% whereas Te was not dissolved within 5min and was leached after 15min under the leaching condition; 5M HCl with 4000mg/L Te4+, 90℃, 600rpm, 1% pulp density, air flow rate 200cc/min. Therefore, by using oxidizing agents of oxygen and Te4+, tellurium was possible to separate from other elements contained thermoelectric materials.

폐 열전모듈의 왕수침출과 용매추출에 의한 텔루륨(Te)의 회수

한병규 한국해양대학교 대학원 2018 국내석사

This study is aimed at developing a hydrometallurgy technology for recovering and recycling tellurium from waste thermoelectiric modules. The thermoelectric module powders were classified into ±1mm after comminution, and the weight ratios were separated into 47.0% and 52.9% for oversize and undersize, respectively. The contents of Te and Cu showed 0.1% of Te and 48.6% of Cu in + 1mm, and Te 21% and Cu 2.3% in –1mm. This result indicates that the tellurium in the thermoelectric module could be concentrated and separated from the main impurity Cu by comminution followed by sieving. The HCl leaching test results showed that 98% of Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Sn was extracted. The leaching efficiencies of Al, Sb and Bi were 96%, 85% and 73%, respectively, while Se and Te were leached less than 1%. Aqua-regia leaching was chosen to recover Te from the leach residue, and Te, Bi, Sb, and Cu were dissolved in the leaching solution. The metal concentration in the solution was Te 78%, Bi 18%, Sb 3% and other metals were less than 1%. The solvent extraction of tellurium in simulated solution showed that more than 99% of Te was extracted at 30% TBP, O / A ratio of 1:1, pH = -1.3 and reaction time of 5 min. It was confirmed that Te and Bi could be separated by adding nitric acid. Te and Sb could be separated by adding hydrochloric acid. Tellurium ion precipitated as tellurium oxide powder by adding water to the purified tellurium solution and adjusting pH to 4-7. Finally, by the new recycling process, more than 98% of Te was recovered and the pure Te oxide was obtained. 이 연구는 폐열전모듈로부터 텔레륨을 회수하기 위한 습식제련공정을 개발하기 위하여 수행되었다. 폐열전모듈은 분쇄된 후 1 mm 이상과 이하로 분리되었고 무게비는 1 mm 이상이 47.0% 그리고 이하가 52.9%로 나타났다. 텔레륨과 구리의 함량은 1 mm 이상에서 각각 0.1%과 48.6%이었으며 1 mm 이하의 시료에서는 텔레륨과 구리 함량이 21%와 2.3%로 분쇄후 체질에 의해서 텔레륨 성분이 농축되고 주요 불순물인 구리가 분리되는 것이 확인되었다. 염산침출결과는 구리, 철, 니켈, 납과 주석이 98% 침출되고 알루미늄과 안티모니, 비스무스는 각각 96%, 85%, 73% 침출되는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 비하여 셀레늄과 텔레륨은 1% 이하의 침출율을 나타내어 다른 성분에 비하여 잔사에 농축되었다. 왕수침출이 텔레륨을 침출잔사로부터 회수하기 위해 수행되었다. 이 용액에 텔레륨, 비스무스, 안티모니, 구리가 존재하며, 농도는 각각 78%, 18%, 3%, 나머지는 1% 이하였다. 텔레륨 용매추출실험은 모의 용액을 이용하여 수행되어 30% TBP, O/A ratio 1:1, pH = -1.3 그리고 반응시간 5분에서 99%의 텔레륨이 추출되는 것을 확인하였다. 텔레륨과 비스무스는 질산 첨가에 의해 분리되고, 텔레륨과 안티모니는 염산 첨가에 의해 분리되는 것이 확인되었다. 중화침전으로 텔루륨을 분말로 회수하기 위해 정제된 텔루륨 수용액에 물을 첨가하여 pH를 4~7사이의 중성 영역으로 조절하여 산화텔루륨 침전물로 회수하였다. 당 연구에서 개발된 공정에 의해 98%의 텔레륨이 회수되고, 순수한 산화텔레륨이 회수되는 것이 확인되었다.

폐인쇄회로기판 침출액 중 금의 선택적 분리

오주미 한국해양대학교 대학원 2019 국내석사

전자폐기물(e-waste) 중 컴퓨터나 휴대폰의 인쇄회로기판(printed circuit board, PCB)에는 일반적인 금 원광 보다 최대 250배 많은 금이 함유되어 있어 재활용 기술의 중요성이 점점 증가하고 있다. 이러한 전자폐기물의 재활용에는 주로 습식제련 공정이 적용되며, 그 중 분리․정제 공정은 더욱 효율적인 방법을 개발하기 위한 연구가 지속적으로 수행되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 대표적인 금 침출제인 염화물과 시안화물을 이용하여 침출한 폐PCB 침출액으로부터 흡착 및 침전을 통해 금을 분리하고자 하였다. 첫 번째로 염화물 침출액에서는 자철석을 이용하여 금을 흡착시켜 분리하였다. 자철석은 반도체이므로 고-액 계면 사이에서 전자를 전달하는 역할을 하며, 강한 자성을 가지고 있어 추후 분리가 용이해 흡착제로 사용될 수 있다. 흡착 실험을 위해 금을 100mg/L 함유한 염화물 침출 모사액을 제조하였으며, 자철석 (0.3-3.6g) 및 NaCl (0.01-1M) 첨가량, pH (2-12), 온도 (25-90℃), 교반속도 (0-150rpm), 기타 불순물 (Cu, Ni)의 영향에 대한 금의 흡착 거동을 조사하였다. 그 결과 0.1M NaCl, 3.6g 자철석, 90℃, 150rpm 조건에서 6시간 만에 금이 100% 흡착되었다. 두 번째로 시안화물 침출액에서는 차아염소산나트륨을 이용하여 구리를 침전시켜 분리하였다. 차아염소산나트륨을 투입하면 차아염소산에 의해 시안이온이 제거되며, 이 과정에서 수산화이온의 영향을 받아 구리 이온이 수산화구리로 침전된다. 시안화물로 침출한 폐PCB 침출액을 이용해 차아염소산나트륨 투입량 (0.3-0.7%), 교반속도 (0-150rpm), 온도 (25-90℃), 시안 농도 (0.1-0.4%)의 영향에 대한 구리의 침전 거동을 조사하였다. 그 결과 0.7% 차아염소산나트륨, 90℃, 150rpm 조건에서 30분 내에 구리가 100% 침전되었다. 자철석에 의한 흡착 및 차아염소산나트륨에 의한 침전을 통해 금을 성공적으로 분리할 수 있었으며, 동시에 기존 공정에서의 체 막힘 현상, 시안의 추가 투입과 같은 문제점을 해결함으로써 공정 효율 개선이 가능할 것이라 생각된다. There is an increasing importance of recycling technology as the printed circuit boards (PCB) of computers or cell phones among e-waste has been found to have as much as 250 times more gold than gold ore. The recycling of such e-waste usually employs hydrometallurgical processes, and the research on the separation and purification process of valuable metals has been developed for higher efficiency. This study aims to separate the gold from the PCB leachate through adsorption and precipitation from leaching tests with chloride and cyanide, which are representative leaching reagents. First, gold was adsorbed and separated using magnetite in the chloride leachate. Since magnetite is a semiconductor, it plays the role of transferring electrons between the solid-liquid interface and has strong magnetic properties that is advantageous for simple separation between gold and slurry, which is the reason why it can be used as an absorbent. The simulated chloride leaching solution containing 100mg/L of gold was prepared to investigate the influence of the amount of magnetite (0.3-3.6g), NaCl (0.01-1M), pH (2-12), temperature (25-90℃), agitation speed (0-150 rpm), and other impurities (Cu, Ni) upon the adsorption behavior of gold. As a result, gold was fully adsorbed in 6hours under the conditions of 0.1M NaCI, 3.6g magnetite, temperature of 90℃, and 150 rpm. Second, in the cyanide leachate, sodium hypochlorite was used to precipitate and separate copper ion. The addition of sodium hypochlorite decomposed the cyanide ions by the hypochlorite ions. Hydroxide ions precipitated the copper ion as copper hydroxide during the decomposition process. Using the waste PCB leaching solution leached by the cyanide solution, the influence of the amount of sodium hypochlorite (0.3-0.7%), agitation speed (0-150rpm), temperature (25-90℃), and cyanide concentration (0.1-0.4%) was investigated. The results showed that all copper ion was precipitated under conditions of 0.7% sodium hypochlorite, temperature of 90℃, and 150rpm. Gold was successfully separated through adsorption on magnetite and the precipitation with sodium hypochlorite. Therefore, these processes could contribute to solve the current issues such as clogging and additional addition of cyanide in gold hydrometallurgical processes, which could enhance economic efficiency of the processes.

넬슨선별기와 진동볼층법을 이용한 구리스파이스와 슬래그의 비중 선별

유재경 한국해양대학교 대학원 2022 국내석사

Even though the hydrometallurgical residue of non-ferrous metals contains small amounts of gold and silver, the residue has been landfilled due to low economic feasibility. Nowadays pyrometallurgical processes were developed to recover valuable metals from the residue, and, in these processes, gold and silver could be concentrated to an amount comparable to the content of gold or silver concentrates. In the pyrometallurgical process, impurities such as Fe, SiO2, and Ca are separated into slag, while Cu, Pb, Au, Ag are reduced to a metal phase and then recovered by specific gravity separation in the molten state at a high temperature. When separation efficiency is low, slag is mixed into the speiss, which causes many problems in the process. n this study, the slag mixed with the speiss obtained from the process was separated by conducting the specific gravity separation methods. In the case of the simulated sample experiment using the conventional Knelson concentrator, the separation efficiency decreased as the centrifugal force increased from 20% to 30%, and the possibility of specific gravity separation was confirmed. In the case of speiss mixed with slag, the separation efficiency was low at about 17%, indicating that it was difficult to separate specific gravity the materials. A newly designed Vibrating ball bed method using zirconia balls was investigated to separate the speiss and slag. As the number of particles increased, a particle interfere with the sinking of other particles. The separation efficiency increased to 100% at 22Hz (shaking power) with 3 limestones and 3 speiss, respectively.

폐리튬이온배터리의 양극재 황산침출에 미치는 탄소열환원의 영향

안영진 한국해양대학교 대학원 2023 국내석사

유가금속인 리튬(Li), 니켈(Ni), 코발트(Co), 망간(Mn)을 함유하는 폐리튬이온배터리(spent Lithium-Ion Battery, spent LIB) 발생의 급증에 대비해 효율적인 재활용 공정 구축이 필요하다. 상용 재활용 공정의 황산 침출 공정은 회분식으로 운영되고 있으나 급증하는 폐리튬이온배터리 발생량을 처리하기 위해서는 연속침출공정 개발이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 양극재를 환원시키기 위해 침출 공정 전에 환원배소를 수행하고 황산만으로 침출이 가능하도록 처리하는 연구를 수행하였다. 환원배소 시 환원제로는 음극재인 흑연을 활용하고자 탄소 성분을 선택하였다. 폐리튬이온배터리 양극재에 시약급 탄소(활성탄 및 흑연)를 일정한 비율로 혼합하여 배소공정에 이용하고, 환원 배소 후 황산 침출하여 유가금속인 리튬, 니켈, 코발트, 망간의 침출 거동을 확인하였다. 탄소성분 이용 환원배소 가능성을 확인하기 위하여 배소온도(600~900℃), 환원제 종류(활성탄, 흑연, 폐음극재), 당량비 조건을 변수로 설정하였다. 배소시간(60min), 배소 온도 상승 속도(7℃/min), 주입 가스 및 유량(Ar 0.7L/min), 침출 조건(교반속도 : 400rpm, 온도 : 90℃, 광액 농도 : 25%, 침출액 : 1M H2SO4, 시간 : 120min) 등 다른 조건은 고정하였다. 활성탄을 이용하여 배소했을 때 배소온도 600, 700, 800℃에서 리튬, 니켈, 코발트, 망간의 침출 효율은 99.9% 이상이다. 흑연을 이용하여 배소하였을 때 모든 금속의 침출 효율은 98% 이상이다. 폐음극재를 이용하여 배소하였을 때 리튬과 망간 침출률 99.9%이상, 니켈 침출률 96.5% 이상, 코발트 침출률 99.7% 이상이다. 활성탄과 폐음극재의 경우 당량비가 클수록 침출 효율이 증가하며 흑연의 경우 당량비와 무관하게 모든 금속 침출률은 98% 이상으로 나타나 환원배소 후 황산침출공정에 의해 유가금속성분이 성공적으로 침출된 것을 알 수 있었다. An efficient recycling process of spent lithium ion batteries (LIB) is required to prepare for a rapid increase in the generation of spent LIB containing valuable metals such as lithium(Li), nickel(Ni), cobalt(Co), and manganese(Mn). The continuous leching process will replace the batch sulfuric acid leaching in commercial leaching processes to treat the rapid increasing amount of spent LIB. In the present study, the process using sulfuric acid leaching after roasting process with carbon sources, which reduce cathode materials, was investigated, and spent graphite, which is used as anode material in LIB, was chosen as a reductant during the roasting process. A sample mixture was used in the roasting process, by mixing the cathode materials of spent LIB and reagent-grade carbon sources (activated carbon or graphite) with a designated ratio, and the leaching behaviors of Li, Ni, Co, and Mn were examined. In a typical run of roasting and leaching tests was performed under the following conditions; roasting time 60 min, heating rate 7℃/min, Ar gas inlet 0.7L/min, agitation speed 400 rpm, leaching temperature 90℃, pulp density 25%, leaching solution 1M H2SO4, and leaching time 120min. The effects of roasting temperature (600~900℃), the type of reductant (activated carbon, graphite, and spent anode materials), equivalent ratio on the leaching were investigated to confirm the feasibility of roasting process. At 600, 700, 800℃ of roasting temperature, the leaching efficiencies of lithium, nickel, cobalt, and manganese increased over 99.9% after roasting with activated carbon, while the leaching efficiencies reach over 98% after roasting with graphite. When the spent anode materials were used as a reductant, the leaching efficiencies of Li and Mn were over 99.9%, and the efficiencies of Ni and Co were 96.5% and 99.7%, respectively. In the cases of activated carbon and spent anode materials, the leaching efficiencies increased with increasing the equivalent ratio, and, in the case of graphite, the leaching efficiencies of metals was found to be over 99% regardless of the equivalent ratio. These results indicate that the valuable metals were leached successfully in the sulfuric acid leaching process after reduction roasting.

중금속 오염토양 구연산 침출시 과산화수소의 영향

정경배 한국해양대학교 대학원 2014 국내석사

The remediation of soil contaminated with heavy metal such as solidification/stabilization has been conducted to prevent migrating heavy metals. Korea soil cleanup standard was revised in 2009, and aqua regia is being used for leaching of heavy metal instead of 0.1N hydrochloric acid. The removal method of heavy metal from contaminated site such as soil washing is a better option than preventing heavy metal migration such as solidification/stabilization. Physical treatment has been found to be also effective and economical remediation method, but it is not available for fine particle size with under 75µm. The fine size of particle has large specific area so the removal efficiency by soil washing method could be expected to be better than coarse grain. This study is aimed to investigate the removal of heavy metals from contaminated soil using soil washing. Three kinds of samples were collected from different contaminated soil area. These sites have been contaminated with heavy metals such as lead, copper and zinc. Firstly, sequential extraction method was conducted to determine chemical or mineralogical forms of heavy metals, and then citrate leaching efficiency was examined along with initial pH. In case of site A and B the summation of amounts bound to exchangeable, carbonate and Fe-Mn oxide metal faction over 90%, and high leaching efficiency was observed above 85% in both site A and B, whereas site C shows low leaching efficiency with 40%, because site C 70% of contaminated metals existed as sulphide and residual metal fraction. The result suggests that leaching efficiency could be increased by dissolution of sulphide and residual fraction. Therefore, further leaching tests were performed in citrate solution with hydrogen peroxide addition. While leaching efficiency of lead in site B has been increased 98% by adding 0.013mol hydrogen peroxide, in site C zinc leaching efficiency showed 70% even with 0.13mol hydrogen peroxide addition.

하동지역 저품위 티탄철광의 선별 기술 및 선별 공정에 관한 연구

이광훈 한국해양대학교 대학원 2014 국내석사

Titanium ore of more than 90% is processed goes producing titanium dioxide pigment, which is used as whitening and opacifying agent in the industries of paints, alcquers, plastics, textiles, papers and etc.. and 5% of the world production of titanium minerals goes to make titanium metal which has wide industrial applications in the air craft engines, submarine bodies, marine structures and etc.. In this study, the head ore was taken from Ha-dong mine located in Ha-dong city, Kyunsangnamdo province. The head ilmenite are contains as low as about 6.45% TiO2 and is mainely associated with gangue minerals such as chlorite, albite, tremolite, quartz and magnesiohornblende. The XRF analysis show that the associate minerals have grade of about 43.14% SiO2, 11.24% Al2O3, 24.13% Fe2O3, 0.35% Na2O, respectively The target grade of titanium concentrate is determined as high as more then 48% TiO2, which can be acceptable for titanium smelting. The optimum process and conditions to get the high grade ilmenite concentrate are as follow ; 1) The head ore containing about 6.45% TiO2 crushed to -5mm in size. can be up graded to 10.4% TiO2, with 98.4% recovery by High-force magnetic separator at conditions of 150RPM Roll speed and Splitter postion at 2. 2) The ilmenite pre-concentrate of about 10.4% TiO2 is again up graded to 44.93% TiO2 with 59.3% recovery by using Shaking Table concentrator at the conditions as followings ; the pre-concentrate reground to -100mesh, in size, water feed rate 8L/min., sample feed rate 250g/min., slope of table 1.1°, length of table 0.9cm, and strokes of table 150times per min. 3) The intermediate grade ilmenite concentrate of about 44.9% TiO2 is again upgreded to 50.3% TiO2 with 49.1% recovery by using Cross belt magnetic separator at contidions of 4000Gauss magnetic intensity and 20g/min. feed rate. As a result, it's show that the final ilmenite concentrate of about 50.3% TiO2 which is acceptable goes titanium smelting can be recovered with aboce optimum conditions and process.

폐인쇄회로기판으로부터 구리 침출에 미치는 황산 용액 중 2가 구리이온과 산소 첨가의 영향

박유진 한국해양대학교 대학원 2022 국내석사

하드디스크드라이브 내 인쇄회로기판(PCB)은 금(Au), 은(Ag)과 같은 귀금속과 구리(Cu), 알루미늄(Al), 철(Fe) 등의 유가금속을 포함하며 이를 회수하기 위한 재활용 공정이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 황산 용액을 이용한 습식제련법으로 PCB 기판으로부터 구리를 회수하기 위해 2가 구리이온과 산소를 산화제로 첨가하였다. 선행 연구에서 PCB의 기판과 부품을 분리하였을 때 효율적인 금속의 회수가 가능하며 부품이 탈착된 기판에는 구리가 약 20% 함유되어 있음을 확인하였다. 따라서 본 연구는 4가 주석이온을 포함한 염산 용액으로 PCB의 기판으로부터 부품을 탈착시키고 분리된 PCB 기판을 파·분쇄하여 2가 구리이온과 산소를 산화제로 첨가한 황산 용액으로 침출하였다. 먼저 하드디스크드라이브에서 분리된 PCB의 부품 탈착에 대한 교반속도, 반응온도, 4가 주석이온의 농도, 염산의 농도의 영향을 조사하였다. 100~300 rpm의 교반속도에서 PCB로부터 부품 탈착 속도는 큰 차이가 없었으며 온도, 4가 주석이온 농도, 염산 농도를 증가시킴에 따라 탈착 속도가 증가하였다. 부품 탈착율이 100%에 도달하였을 때 기판에서 솔더가 관찰되지 않았으며 10,000 mg/L의 4가 주석이온을 포함한 1 mol/L 염산 용액에 폐하드디스크드라이브 PCB 1개를 투입하고 200 rpm, 90°C 의 조건에서 침출하였을 때 2시간 만에 100% 탈착 완료되었다. 부품이 탈착된 기판은 커팅밀과 믹서밀로 파․분쇄하고 1.18 mm 이하의 시료를 침출에 사용하였으며 교반 속도, 온도, 산소 주입량, 황산 농도, 광액 농도에 따른 침출 거동을 조사하고 수축핵 모델을 이용하여 속도론적 해석을 수행하였다. 침출 효율은 교반 속도, 온도, 산소 주입량, 초기 2가 구리이온 농도가 높을수록 증가하였으며 황산 농도에 대한 영향은 미미했다. 초기 2가 구리이온의 농도가 10,000 mg/L인 1 mol/L 황산 용액으로 산소 1,000 cc/min, 광액 농도 1 w/v%, 600 rpm, 90°C 의 조건에서 침출하였을 때 120분 이내 구리가 96% 침출되었으며 2가 구리이온과 산소를 산화제로서 통시 투입하였을 때 침출 반응을 촉진하여 침출 효율과 침출 속도가 향상되는 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구의 PCB 침출에 대한 반응 속도 모델은 고체와 유체의 화학반응이 율속 단계이며 구형의 입자에 대한 수축핵 모델이 적합하였다. 2가 구리이온 10,000 mg/L을 포함한 1 mol/L 황산 용액을 사용하고 산소 1,000 cc/min, 광액 농도 1 w/v%, 600 rpm 조건의 온도에 따른 침출 결과에 대해 계산된 활성화 에너지는 21.34 kJ/mol이다. In the present paper, the leaching of copper from printed circuit boards(PCBs) using sulfuric acid with cupric ion(Cu2+) and oxygen(O2) is proposed to recovery valuable metals from PCBs. First, the effects of the agitation speed, temperature, Sn4+ concentration, and hydrochloric acid concentration were investigated for separating electric and electronic components(EECs) from PCBs. At a agitation speed of 100 to 300 rpm, there was no significant difference in the separation speed of PCBs and EECs, and the dismantling-completion time was reduced with increasing temperature, Sn4+ concentration, and hydrochloric acid concentration. When the EECs separation efficiency reached 100%, no solder was observed on the PCBs, the dismantling of PCB was completed within 120 min under the leaching conditions; HCl concentration 1 mol/L, initial Sn4+ concentration 10,000 mg/L at 90°C and 300 rpm. The bare PCBs were ground with a cuttiing mill and mixer mill and the product was screened with a 1.18 mm sieve. The effects of various process parameters such as agitation speed, temperature, the type and the flow rate of gas, initial Cu2+ concentration, sulfuric acid concentration, and pulp density were investigated to examine the dissolution behavior of Cu from PCBs. The leaching efficiency of Cu was found to be increased with increasing agitation speed, temperature, O2 flow rate, and initial Cu2+ concentration and decreasing pulp density. The effect of sulfuric acid concentration was insignificant. The 96% of Cu leaching efficiency was obtained under the following conditions: H2SO4 concentration 1 mol/L, pulp density 1%, initial Cu2+ concentration 10,000 mg/L and O2 flow rate 1000 cc/min at 90°C and 600 rpm. The leaching rate of Cu from PCBs was found to be higher on addition of Cu2+ and O2 to the leachant. The kinetic studies were performed using the obtained leaching data. The leaching data and analyses indicate that the Cu leaching from PCBs followed the reaction-controlled model for spherical particles satisfactorily and determined that the activation energy was found to be 21.34 kJ/mol. Therefore, these results indicate that the sulfuric acid solution with Cu2+ and O2 as a mild leach medium is valid for Cu leaching from PCBs.