The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of ego-resilience of parents as a moderating variable and a mediating variable on the relationship between parenting stress and parenting attitude by the approach of Structural Equation Modeling(SEM). ...
The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of ego-resilience of parents as a moderating variable and a mediating variable on the relationship between parenting stress and parenting attitude by the approach of Structural Equation Modeling(SEM). The research questions are presented as follows.
1. Does the self-resilience of parents have a moderating effect on parenting stress and parenting attitude?
2. Does the self-resilience of parents have a mediating effect on parenting stress and parenting attitude?
A personal survey was executed to research. And the subjects of this study were 471 parents of the pre-schooler children in the age of 2 to 6 who were enrolled in 10 different early-childhood institutions such as kindergartens and child nursing homes in Seoul, Gyeonggi, Chungnam, Gwangju and Pohang areas.
The scale for parenting stress, which had been developed by Kim and Kahng(1997) and verified with its reliability, was used to examine parenting stress. In order to examine parenting attitude, Maternal Behavior Research Instrument(MBRI) of Schaefer, which had been used by Choi(1998), was amended and supplemented for this study. In order to examine ego-resilience, California Personality Inventory(CPI) of Klohenn(1996), which had been used by Park(2002), was amended and supplemented for this study.
In order to examine the demographical background of the parents subjected to this study, the collected data was statistically processed by SPSS PC and the frequency and percentage have been calculated. Cronbach's α has been calculated in order to verify the reliability of the parenting stress scale, parenting attitude scale, and ego-resilience scale. In addition, the correlation among ego-resilience, parenting stress and parenting attitude was examined. In order to verify the moderating and mediating effect of parent ego-resilience on parenting stress and parenting attitude, the computer statistical application, AMOS 4.0, was used based on Structural Equation Modeling(SEM) approach and covariance structure modeling approach.
The results of this study are as follows.
First, as a result of verifying the moderating effect of parent ego-resilience on parenting stress and parenting attitude by the structural equation approach after setting a moderating model of ego-resilience, the moderating effect having statistical significance has been found partially. That is, regarding the influence of parenting stress on parenting attitude(affectionate, rejecting, autonomous and controlling), parenting stress has the statistically significant influence on affectionate attitude and rejecting attitude in both a high ego-resilience group and a low ego-resilience group. Thus, the comparison has been made regarding the influence of parenting stress on affectionate attitude and rejecting attitude for the above mentioned two groups. Consequently, it has been turned out that there is a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of affectionate attitude instead of rejecting attitude. Thus, that ego-resilience has the moderating effect partially has been proved.
Second, as a result of verifying the mediating effect of parent ego-resilience on parenting stress and parenting attitude by the structural equation approach after setting a mediating model of ego-resilience, the mediating effect has been found with statistical significance. That is, the indirect effect of parenting stress influencing parent attitude through ego-resilience has a greater statistical significance than the direct effect of parenting stress influencing parenting attitude(affectionate, autonomous and controlling) has. Consequently, it has been verified that ego-resilience has the mediating effect.