중국 커뮤니티 가든 기능 평가지표 개발 = Development of Functional Evaluation Indicators for Community Garden in China

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Community gardens are a good way to optimize urban green space at home and abroad, integrating agricultural landscape and horticultural therapy in the community, and improving the landscape environment and human quality of the community. In recent years, community gardens of different forms have started to appear in many cities in China, but the evaluation system related to community gardens is still inadequate. In this paper, we analyze the literature on community gardens to build a more comprehensive and systematic functional evaluation system for community gardens in China. Using the literature analysis method, the evaluation indexes of Chinese community gardens are initially constructed based on 15 typical papers on the functional classification of Chinese community gardens. And through the FGI approach, we discussed with experts from the parties of designers, activists and operators to further improve the functional evaluation indexes of community gardens. The final proposal is a functional evaluation system of Chinese community gardens consisting of 6 major categories, 23 medium categories and 63 sub-categories of indicators. It is expected to provide a theoretical basis for the subsequent evaluation system research of Chinese community gardens, provide systematic and scientific guidance for community garden construction, operation and activities, and promote the development of community gardens to maturity.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

커뮤니티 가든은 도시의 녹색 공간을 최적화하는 방법이며, 농업 경관과 원예 요법을 지역사회에 통합하고 커뮤니티 경관 환경과 인문학적 품질을 개선할 수 있다. 최근 몇 년 동안 중국의 많은 도시에 다양한 형태의 커뮤니티 가든이 등장하기 시작했지만, 현재 커뮤니티 가든에 대한 관련 평가 시스템은 상대적으로 부족하다. 이 글은 커뮤니티 가든 관련 문헌을 분석하여 중국에 적합한 완전하고 체계적인 기능 평가 시스템을 구축하고자 하였다. 문헌 분석 방법을 사용하여 중국 커뮤니티 가든의 기능 분류에 대한 15편의 전형적인 논문을 기반으로 평가 지표를 초안을 구성한 후 FGI를 통해 설계자, 활동가 및 운영자의 전문가와 논의하여 커뮤니티 가든의 기능 평가 지표를 개선하였다. 최종안으로 6개 대 범주, 23개 중 범주 및 63개 소 범주로 구성된 중국 커뮤니티 가든 기능 평가 시스템을 제안하였다. 본 연구는 중국 커뮤니티 가든의 후속 평가 시스템 연구에 대한 이론적 근거를 제공하고, 커뮤니티 가든의 조성, 운영 및 활동에 대한 체계적이고 과학적인 지침을 제공함으로써 커뮤니티 가든의 성장과 발전을 촉진시킬 것으로 기대된다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 이애란, "커뮤니티디자인을 통한 주민참여형 마을환경개선사업의활성화 방안" 32 (32): 71-83, 2015

2 이애란 ; 박재민, "주민참여형 커뮤니티정원 조성 가이드라인 마련을 위한 국외 사례 비교 연구" 한국조경학회 46 (46): 117-129, 2018

3 함연수, "정릉교수단지의 정원가꾸기를통한커뮤니티의식형성연구" 서울대학교 환경대학원 2021

4 이상아, "저층주거지 내 마을정원의 도입 및 변천과정 연구: 안산석수골 마을을 중심으로" 서울대학교 환경대학원 2019

5 오연수, "도시 커뮤니티 가든 활동을 통한 사회적협동조합 형성및 전개과정 연구" 서울대학교 대학원 2022

6 최정민 ; 김유나 ; 박동찬, "국내 커뮤니티가든의 방향성 설정에 관한 연구－ 일본의 사례 및 국내 전문가설문조사를 통하여 －" 한국주거환경학회 16 (16): 83-104, 2018

7 Zou, H. H., "Urban renewal : from spatial production to community creation : the example of Shanghai's"Creative Farm"" 2017 (2017): 86-92, 2017

8 Li, K. R., "Urban public self-help landscape environment system and landscape architect Karl Lin" 2002 (2002): 70-72, 2002

9 Gao, W., "Urban idylls : institutions, landscape and culture in London's allotment gardens" 35 (35): 90-95, 2019

10 Martin, G., "Urban cultivation and its contributions to sustainability : nibbles of food but oodles of social capital" 8 (8): 409-, 2016

11 Chen, G., "Urban Community Gardening Strategies and Realization Factors" Zhejiang University 2021

12 Glover, T. D., "The story of the Queen Anne Memorial Garden : resisting adominant cultural narrative" 35 (35): 190-212, 2003

13 Shan, R. Q., "The potential of public space under the perspective of community micro-renewal : an example of the implementation of community gardens in Berlin, Germany" 2017 (2017): 77-82, 2017

14 Zhang, E. W., "The history and practical significance of rental gardens in Germany" 2007 (2007): 75-78, 2007

15 Chen, R. R., "The evolution of community gardens in the past 20 years and the trend of hot spots" 28 (28): 114-119, 2021

16 Voicu, I., "The effect of community gardens on neighboring property values" 36 (36): 241-283, 2008

17 Glavan, M., "The economic performance of urban gardening in three European cities examples from Ljubljana, Milan and London" 36 : 100-122, 2018

18 Genter, C., "The contribution of allotmentgardening to health and wellbeing : a systematic review of the literature" 78 (78): 593-605, 2015

19 Li, Y., "The Logic of Public Space Production and Spatial Governance Strategies in Urban Communities: An Example of Participatory Garden Creation in Q Community" Qingdao University 2021

20 Sun, M. M., "The Application of Participatory Local Construction Methods in Community Gardens: An Example from Shanghai" Tianjin University 2020

21 Zhang, H., "Study on the Development and Planning of Public Rental Gardens" Beijing Forestry University 2011

22 Deng, F., "Research on the Design of Community Farming System Based on the Perspective of Urban Residents' Home and Garden Emotion Building" Suzhou University 2017

23 Zhu, X. S., "Research on the Design of Community Farm Based on Children's Nature Education: An Example of Hunan Agricultural University's Doll Farm"

24 Xu, S. Y., "Research on community space creation under the perspective of “active aging": an example of community vegetable garden in Haidian District, Beijing" 2017 (2017): 67-70, 2017

25 Wang, Y. R., "Research on Community Farming from the Perspective of Shared Space" Northeastern Agricultural University 2018

26 Zhang, J., "Research on Aging Adaptation in Urban Communities with Ruralization" Shandong University of Architecture 2017

27 Luo, X., "Public Participation in Gardening as a Strategy for Community Garden Construction in Chongqing Main City" Southwestern University 2020

28 Li, J. L., "Planning and Design Strategies for Stereoscopic Farming in High-Density Old Communities: A Case Study of Zhusigang Community in Guangzhou" South China University of Technology 2020

29 Scott, A., "Places of urban disorder exposing thehidden nature and values of an English private urban allotment landscape" 169 : 185-198, 2018

30 Cervinka, R., "My garden-my mate Perceived restorativeness of private gardens and its predictors" 16 : 182-187, 2016

31 Scheromm, P., "Motivations and practices of gardeners in urban collective gardens : the case of Montpellier" 14 (14): 735-742, 2015

32 Hou, X. L., "Micro-renewal of urban public space based on community building" 26 (26): 8-12, 2019

33 Jiang, X., "Micro-renewal of green space in Beijing's hutongs from the perspective of residents'spontaneous renewal : an exploration of the Dazhalan district" 26 (26): 18-22, 2019

34 Tomkins, M., "Making Space for Food: Everyday Community Food Gardening and Its Contribution to Urban Agriculture" University of Brighton 2014

35 Lin, B. B., "Local-and landscape-scale land cover affects microclimate and water use in urban gardens" 610 : 570-575, 2018

36 Hu, Z. H., "Landscape Design of Herbaceous Plants in Community Gardens in Hunan Province: The Example of Hunan Agricultural University's "Doll Farm"" Hunan Agricultural University 2019

37 Schram-Bijkerk, D., "Indicators to support healthyurban gardening in urban management" 621 : 863-871, 2018

38 CoDyre, M., "How does your garden grow an empirical evaluation of the costs and potential of urban gardening" 14 (14): 72-79, 2015

39 Poulsen, M. N., "Growing an urban oasis : a qualitative study of the perceived benefits of community gardening in Baltimore, Maryland" 36 (36): 69-82, 2014

40 Qu, Y. R., "Feasibility Study of Open Old Community Farming in Changsha City" Hunan Agricultural University 2018

41 Chen, J., "Exploring the microrenewal of urban leisure land under the perspective of biodiversity : the example of temporary community garden" 35 (35): 28-33, 2017

42 Liu, Y. L., "Exploring micro-regulation strategies for participatory spatial micro-renewal in Shanghai community gardens" 35 (35): 5-11, 2019

43 Chen, J., "Exploration of active aging in cities : the inspiration of Honolulu Community Garden in Hawaii for community aging in Shanghai" 36 (36): 49-54, 2020

44 Wang, R. Y., "Evaluation and Planning of Urban Farming in Xi'an Northwest University of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology" 2018

45 Petrovic, N., "Environmental and social dimensions of community gardens in East Harlem" 183 : 36-49, 2019

46 Kingsley, J. Y., "Cultivating health and wellbeing : members' perceptions of the health benefits of a Port Melbourne community garden" 28 (28): 207-219, 2009

47 Filkobski, I., "Community gardens in Israel : characteristics and perceived functions" 17 : 148-157, 2016

48 Cai, J., "Community gardens as a means of sustainable urban development and environmental education : the case of New York City" 2016 (2016): 114-120, 2016

49 Zhou, C., "Community gardening based on nature education : the example of Hunan Agricultural University's"doll farm"" 35 (35): 12-16, 2019

50 Veen, E. J., "Community gardening and social cohesion : different designs, different motivations" 21 (21): 1271-1287, 2016

51 Algert, S., "Community and home gardens increase vegetable intake and food security of residents in San Jose, California" 70 (70): 77-82, 2016

52 Zhao, Y. Y., "Community Garden Construction Model Under the Concept of Public Participation" Zhejiang University 2020

53 Ding, X. Y., "Community Farming in China" Tianjin University 2020

54 Teig, E., "Collective efficacy in Denver, Colorado : Strengthening neighborhoods and health through community gardens" 15 (15): 1115-1122, 2019

55 Bendt, P., "Civic greening and environmental learning in public-access community gardens in Berlin" 109 (109): 18-30, 2013

56 Speak, A. F., "Allotment gardens and parks : provision of ecosystem services with an emphasis on biodiversity" 14 (14): 772-781, 2015

57 Liu, C. G., "A study of urban"agrarian communities"based on the material cycle of metabolism" 42 (42): 52-59, 2018

58 Qian, J., "A comparison of the systems of community gardens in Western Europe and the United States" 26 (26): 86-92, 2011

59 Yin, K. L., "A Study on the Construction of Urban Gapland Civic Farms Based on Children's Nature Education: An Example of Shanghai Creative Farm" Hunan Agricultural University 2017

60 Wu, Y. Y., "A Study on Community Garden Design Based on Public Participation: The Case of Shunde Jiaxin Community Garden" Guangdong University of Technology 2021