승마 평보와 속보시 기승자세의 운동학적 비교분석

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of the study was to present the quantitative data utilizing in various teaching of horse riding by comparison·analysis of kinematic variables by phases & events of walking and trot used The JE-JU-horse. Participated subjects consisted of 5 horse riding experts and experiment method was based on 3D cinematography(Kwon3D Motion Analysis System). The variables was composed of temporal, linear and angular data. It was considered that ratio of elapsed time of supporting & swing phase during 1 stride was consisted of 59% & 41% and 49% & 51% in walking and trot and was proper portions. Trot continued more lager 2.46 cm range of movement in up-down direction with rising & sitting and significant difference in velocity of right-left & up-down direction and more increased in right-left sway velocity than walking. Trot continued more flexion in elbow, extension in shoulder, flexion in hip, extension in knee and more planter flexion in ankle than walking. Also trot continue more forward, while walking continued backward to vertical live through 1 stride Riding posture.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Meyer, H., "Toward the coherence of position of neck, motion of back and movement of a horse" 12 : 807-, 1996

2 Clayton, H. M., "The effects of a rider's mass on ground reaction forces and fetlock kinematics at the trot" 30 : 218-221, 1999

3 Podlhajsky, A., "The Complete Training of Horse and Rider in the Principles of Classical Horsemanship" The sportsman's Press 212-, 1994

4 Meyer, H., "Studies of the effect of the rider's weight and hand actions on the motion of the horse" 54 : 498-503, 1999

5 Terada, K., "Stabilization of wrist position during horseback riding at trot" 3 (3): 179-184, 2006

6 Kwon, Y. H., "Motion Analysis Package Ver 3.1"

7 Schils, S. J., "Kinematic analysis of the equestrian - walk, posting trot and sitting trot" 12 : 693-712, 1993

8 Aguera, E., "Inter-Breed differences inequine forelimb kinematics at the walk" A48 : 277-285, 2001

9 Power, P. N. R., "Influences of a rider on the rotation of the horse-rider system during jumping" 1 (1): 33-40, 2004

10 Thomas Lovett, "Equine and Comparative Exercise" 2 (2): 71-76, 2005

11 Terada, K., "Electromyographic analysis of the rider's muscles at trot" 1 (1): 193-198, 2004

12 Sloet van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan, M. M., "Effects of weight and riding on workload and locomotion during treadmill exercise" 18 : 413-417, 1995

13 Abdel-Aziz, Y. I., "Direct liner transformation from comparator into object space coordinates inclose-range photogrammetry" American Society of Photogrammetry 1-18, 1971

14 Terada, K., "Comparison of head movement and EMG activity if muscles between advanced and novice horseback riders at different gaits" 11 : 83-90, 2000

15 Plagenhoef, S. C., "Anatomical data for analyzing human motion" 54 (54): 169-178, 1983

16 Panni, A. S., "Analysis of te movements involved in horse riding" 16 : 196-205, 1994

17 Belton, C., "Advanced techniques of dressage. in: From the Official Instruction Handbook of the German National Equestrian Federation Book 2" Kenilworth Press 43-, 2000

18 Westerling, D., "A study of the physical demands of riding" 50 : 373-382, 1983