운동과 식이제한이 식욕조절호르몬, 혈중지질 및 건강 체력에 미치는 영향 = Effects of exercise combined with diet limitation on appetite regulating hormones, lipid-profiles, and health-related fitness

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Subjects were separated by 3 groups, the first group Participated to exercise combined with diet limitation program (EDG, N=9), another group Participated to only exercise program (EG, N=10) and the other group participated to only diet limitation program (DG, N=8), respectively. Calories per day for subjects in EDG and DG limited to l,800㎉ and subjects of EDG and EG exercised 5 days/week for 4 weeks. Results are as followed: 1) Leptin levels were significantly reduced among all the groups, which three interventions used in all the groups had effects of enhancing appetite. Ghrelin showed significant interactions among 3 groups, which those of EDG and DG were significantly enhanced but that of EG decreased after 4 weeks. Thus, we might think that only exercise training used in EG had an effect of suppressing appetite. 2) TC was significantly reduced in EDG. TG was significantly decreased in EDG and DG. 3) Body weight, fat mass and percent fat were significantly decreased in EDG. Fat mass and %fat of EG were significantly decreased and muscle mass of EG was significantly increased after 4 weeks. PEl was significantly increased in EDG and EG. There were significant effects of interactions in strength (F=4.273, P＜.05) and muscular endurance (F=9.506, P＜.001) of EDG and EG, respectively. These findings suggest that the exercise combined diet limitation program for short duration enhanced appetite regulating hormones, decreased lipid profiles, and increased health-related fitness in young male adults.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Abstract
• Ⅰ. 서론
• Ⅱ. 연구방법
• Ⅲ. 결과
• Ⅳ. 논의
• Ⅴ. 결론
• 참고문헌

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 김봉석, "지구성 운동에 따른 체지방률, 인술린 감수성, 혈중 지질의 변화와 랩틴의 관계" 한국체육학회 44 (44): 379-387, 2005

2 김현준, "운동과 그렐린의 관계" 한국사회체육학회 30 (30): 479-492, 2007

3 최혜진, "여자대학생의 혈중 렙틴 수준에 따른 심폐지구력, 신체조성 및 대사증후군관련 인자와의 연관성" 한국여성체육학회 22 (22): 137-148, 2008

4 김연수, "아동의 신체활동량 및 활동 강도와 체력 요인 간의 관계" 한국운동생리학회 17 (17): 495-504, 2008

5 차기철, "부위별 생체 전기 임피던스법을 이용한 체성분 분석에 관한 연구" 2 : 179-186, 1997

6 Hansen, T.K., "Weight loss increases circulating levels of ghrelin in human obesity" 56 : 203-206, 2002

7 Sartorio, A., "Three-week integrated body weight reduction programme markedly improves performance and work capacity in severely obese patients" 8 (8): 107-113, 2003

8 Leon, A.S., "Response of blood lipids to exercise training alone or combined with dietary intervention" 33 : S502-S515, 2001

9 Hamann, A., "Regulation of energy balance by leptin" 104 : 293-300, 1996

10 Jequier, E., "Regulation of body weight in humans" 79 : 451-480, 1999

11 Duclos, M., "Rapid leptin decrease in immediate post-exercise recovery" 50 : 337-342, 1999

12 Erdmann, J., "Plasma ghrelin levels during exercise- effects of intensity and duration" 143 : 127-135, 2007

13 Dall, R., "Plasma ghrelin levels during exercise in healthy subjects and in growth hormone-deficient patients" 147 : 65-70, 2002

14 Wiling, J.D., "Neuropeptides and appetite control" 19 : 619-627, 2002

15 Tuominen, J.A., "Leptin and thermogenesis in humans" 160 : 83-87, 1997

16 Kraemer, R.R., "Leptin and exercise" 227 : 701-708, 2002

17 Ahima, R.S., "Leptin" 62 : 413-437, 2000

18 Assali, A.R., "Insulin resistance in obesity: body-weight or energy balance?" 171 : 293-298, 2001

19 Broom, D.R., "Influence of resistance and aerobic exercise on hunger, circulating levels of acylated ghrelin and peptide YY in healthy males" 296 : R29-R35, 2009

20 Black, S.E., "Improved insulin action following short-term exercise training: role of energy and carbohydrate balance" 99 : 2285-2293, 2005

21 Foster-Schubert, K.E., "Human plasma ghrelin levels increase during a one-year exercise program" 90 : 82082-82085, 2005

22 Korbonits, M., "Ghrelin: update on a novel hormonal system" 151 : S67-S70, 2004

23 Pomerants, T., "Ghrelin response to acute aerobic exercise in boys at different stages of puberty" 38 : 752-757, 2006

24 Kojima, M., "Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide from stomach" 402 : 656-660, 1999

25 Kraemer, R.R., "Ghrelin and other glucoregulatory hormone responses to eccentric and concentric muscle contractions" 24 : 93-98, 2004

26 Ghanbari-Niaki, A., "Ghrelin and glucoregulatory hormone responses to a single circuit resistance exercise in male college students" 39 : 966-970, 2006

27 Hickey, M.S., "Gender-dependent effects of exercise training on serum leptin levels in humans" 272 : E562-E566, 1997

28 Weinsier, R.L., "Free-living activity energy expenditure in women successful and unsuccessful at maintaining a normal body weight" 75 : 499-504, 2002

29 Sartorio, A., "Exercise-induced effects on growth hormone levels are associated with ghrelin changes only in presence of prolonged exercise bouts in male athletes" 48 : 97-101, 2008

30 Broom, D.R., "Exercise induced suppression of acylated ghrelin in humans" 102 : 2165-2171, 2007

31 Heilbronn, L.K., "Energy restriction and weight loss on very-low-fat diets reduce C-reactive protein concentrations in obese, healthy women" 21 : 968-970, 2001

32 Lafortuna, C.L., "Effects of non-specific vs individualized exercise training protocols on aerobic, anaerobic and strength performance in severely obese subjects during a short-term body mass reduction program" 26 (26): 197-205, 2003

33 Ferguson, M.A., "Effects of exercise training and its cessation on components of the insulin resistance syndrome in obese children" 23 : 889-895, 1999

34 Martins, C., "Effects of exercise on gut peptides, energy intake and appetite" 193 : 251-258, 2007

35 Hagobian, T.A., "Effects of exercise on energy-regulating hormones and appetite in men and women" 296 : R233-R242, 2009

36 Tanner, C.J., "Effect of short-term exercise training on insulin-stimulated PI 3-kinase activity in middle-aged men" 282 : E147-E153, 2002

37 Zoladz, J.A., "Effect of moderate incremental exercise, performed in fed and fasted state on cardiorespiratory variables and leptin and ghrelin concentrations in young healthy men" 56 : 63-85, 2005

38 Boden, G., "Effect of fasting on serum leptin in normal human subjects" 81 : 3419-3423, 1996

39 Takada, H., "Eating habits, activity, lipids and body mass index in Japanese children: the Shiratori Children Study" 22 : 470-476, 1998

40 Essig, D.A., "Delayed effects of exercise on the plasma leptin concentration" 49 : 395-399, 2000

41 Arciero, P.J., "Comparison of short-term diet and exercise on insulin action in individuals with abnormal glucose tolerance" 86 : 1930-1935, 1999

42 Leidy, H.J., "Circulating ghrelin is sensitive to changes in body weight during a diet and exercise program in normal-weight young women" 89 : 2659-64, 2004

43 Brownell, K.D., "Changes in plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels in men and women after a program of moderate exercise" 65 : 477-484, 1982

44 Vukovich, M.D., "Carnitine supplementation: effect on muscle carnitine and glycogen content during exercise" 26 : 1122-1129, 1994

45 Okita, K., "Can exercise training with weight loss lower serum C-reactive protein levels?" 24 : 1868-1873, 2004

46 Geffken, D.F., "Association between physical activity and markers of inflammation in a healthy population" 153 : 242-250, 2001

47 Heyward, V.H., "Advanced fitness assessment & exercise prescription(2nd Eds.)" Human Kinetics 61-118, 1991

48 Toshinai, K., "Acute incremental exercise decreases plasma ghrelin level in healthy men" 39 : 849-851, 2007

49 American College of Sports Medicine, "ACSM's Guidelines For Exercise Testing And Prescription" Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2002

50 Burns, S.F., "A single session of treadmill running has no effect on plasma total ghrelin concentrations" 25 : 635-642, 2007

51 김영일, "12주 규칙적인 유산소 트레이닝이 중년의 제 2형 당뇨 환자의 회복기심박수(HRR)와 심혈관계 요인에 미치는 영" 한국운동생리학회 17 (17): 423-432, 2008

52 최석준, "10주간 달리기 운동이 비만 여중생의 신체구성, 인슐린 및 렙틴 농도에 미치는 영향" (40) : 759-768, 2001