한국천주교의 교리서 변천에 대한 역사적 고찰 = (A) Historical Study on the Change of Catechism in Korean Catholic Church

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The reason why we research the history of catechesis is that because the basis of all studies is to know the history of that field. And if we know how the wisdom and inheritance of the pastoral ministry of catechesis transmitted from the past is influenced on our present situation,then we can make an alternative plan to the direction of the pastoral ministry of catechesis forward. The more important reason is that if we have the arrangement and understanding of history of catechesis,we can make theoretical foundations of the pastoral ministry of catechesis uprightly and also make a practical plan for it more suitable and actual.
This thesis is a study of the catechism field of several researches sphere in history of catechesis of Korean Catholic Church. The reason of studying the catechism field is that I want to know what catechism is written,translated and read about. And I want to arrange catechism systematically and chronologically through the whole history of Korean Catholic Church. So I like to figure out the causes of "Faith is one thing,Life is the other" in the catechism which is one essential element of catechesis. The problem of "Faith is one thing,Life is the other" is raising our head serious problem. We must ask ourselves over the reason for being christian in korean society today. The more important reason is that through studying the changes of catechism in Korean Catholic Church,we can expect to find a certain clue in publishing a new Korean Catechism.
The contents of this thesis are following. First,it is the study on the changes of catechism in progress in Korean Catholic Church. This part divides the history of Korean Catholic Church in five periods in point of view of catechism. The periods are divided by five epoch-making events which are the turning points. The epoch-making events are; first,the transmission of Chonjushilui(in the beginning of 17c.), second,the instituting of Chosun Vicar Apostolic Territory(1831),third,the Whole Chosun Regional Council(1931), fourth, the Settlement of Hierarchy in Korean Catholic Church(1962) and fifth, the Bicentennial Pastoral Conference(1984).
This first part arranges the catechisms in chronological order of publishment and describes on a level with bibliographical explanation. And also it quotes the supporting contents from one hundred and twenty catechisms which I have thoroughly researched to set up the principle and basis for publishing a new Korean Catechism.
After I study on the changes of catechism in progress in Korean Catholic Church,I add the evaluation of catechisms in dimension of catechetics to make clear the meaning of catechisms' value in the history of catechesis in Korean Catholic Church. It points out that most of catechisms in Korean Catholic Church are translated catechisms and translated ＆ editted catechisms on the ground of dual realism of western church. This dualism is the basic cause of "Faith is one thing, Life is the other" which is the serious problem Korean Catholic Church is confronted with. It also analyzies that these catechisms give us the problem of "Theology is one thing, Reality is the other".
Finally I selected three catechisms which are Songgyoyoji, Chugyoyoji and Haebanghashinun Hanunim(Liberating God). These catechisms are models for a new Korean Catechism. Songgyoyoji is yielded from deep contemplation about catholic by korean people with spiritual history of korean culture based on korean's feeling, tendency and intuition. Chugyoyoji is written plainly in Hangul according to a korean people's way of thinking,customs, legend, knowledge of Confucianism and author's own life experience. Haebanghashinun Hanunim is for a small community and overcomes the abstract, dual,ideological words and logic. It is for the farmers class using the different methodology compared with the most of other catechisms. The method starts from the specific group's request, bottleneck, circumstances and approaches the revealed truth. It gathers farmers naturally together to learn and convince.
Second,they are the researches required for publishing a new Korean Catechism. This part introducts the results of researches in the history of Korean Catholic Church. They are; first, Chonjugasa applied teaching material for catechesis, second, kyunghyangjabji's editorial requesting for revision of the Chorljugyoyorimundap, third,researches of dissertation for the application of Catholicgyoriso, fourth,an opinion about the unity of catechisms,fifth, proposal articles from the Bicentennial Pastoral Conference Bill 「CATECHESIS」 presented, sixth, suggested articles from the "Enculturation of Catechesis" of Enculturation Researches Announcement Conference stated, seventh, alternatives from the 「The problem of catechumen catechism」presented and eighth,a work of korean translation of Catèchisme de L'Eglise Catholique.
The main purpose of this thesis is to publish a new Korean Catechism which will overcome the dualism. This problem of "Faith is one thing,Life is the other" is caused by wrong methodology of catechesis and a lack of social teaching in church. However the problem is fundamentally caused by translated and translated ＆ editted catechisms. The contents of doctrines of these catechisms are of dual realism. It divides in two; God and human, spirit and flesh, Kingdom to come and this world, religious world and general society like the natural scientific schema which generally divides subject from object. These catechisms of western church is unfamiliar to our korean people.
The other reason why a new Korean Catechism is needed is that Korean Catholic Church is urged to publish the "National Catechism" referring to the Catèchisme de L'Eglise Catholique which is published according to the theology of Vatican Council II. On top of that,Korean Episcopal Conference agreed to publish the "Korean Standard Catechism" but stopped waiting for the Catèchisme de L'Eglise Catholique. Under this circumstances,publishing a new Korean Catechism,we can satisfy all in one.
The most important reason why a new Korean Catechism to be made is to search the new theory of catechesis suited Korean Catholic Church and to have an opportunity of establishing Korean Theology.
Although it sounds unrealistic to publish a new Korean Catechism since catechism is built on theology and we have not established Korean Theology yet. Nevertheless, insisting on publishing a new Korean Catechism,we may come up to actualize Korean Theology in our very situation.
As a conclusion,I suggest the five following proposals for a new Korean Catechism. The proposals are following.
1. It is desirable to form the "Korean Catechism Compilation Committee" under the control of the Episcopal Conference's Catechetical Committee.
2. All church members must have an interest in catechism. Especially church leaders must have the responsibility and duty.
3. Specialist must be brought up for a new Korean Catechism. Church authorities must have a pastoral care in training and employment of lay specialist.
4. The emphasis must be on the study of Enculturation Work for Korean Theology.
5. It must include the "Tongilgyoriso" (Unification Catechism) for the christian community in North Korea.
The last part is a supplement which is a chronological table of history of catechesis in Korean Catholic Church. It is arranged with a hope that "The History of Catechesis in Korean Catholic Church" to be written as soon as possible and to get the answer of how pastoral ministry of catechesis in our past have accomplished.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론 = 1
• 1. 연구의 목적과 필요성 = 1
• 2. 연구의 범위와 한계 = 4
• Ⅱ. 한국천주교의 교리서 변천 과정 = 8
• 1. 문제 제기 = 8
• 2. 천주실의 전래부터 조선교황대리감목구 설정 전까지(17세기 초-1831) = 10
• 1) 천주실의 = 10
• 2) 삼산논학기 = 12
• 3) 칠극 = 12
• 4) 성세추요 = 13
• 5) 진도자증 = 14
• 6) 교요서론 = 14
• 7) 성교절요 = 15
• 8) 성교천설 = 15
• 9) 성교요지 = 15
• 10) 주교요지 = 19
• 11) 성교전서 = 21
• 3. 조선교황대리감목구 설정부터 전조선 지역공의회 전까지(1831-1931) = 22
• 1) 성교요리문답 = 22
• 2) 간언요리 = 24
• 3) 진교절요 = 24
• 4) 취비훈몽 = 24
• 5) 성교요리 = 25
• 6) 성교백문답 = 25
• 7) 소원신종, 구령요의 = 26
• (1) 소원신종 = 26
• (2) 구령요의 = 27
• 8) 요리강령 = 27
• 9) 천주교 요리 = 28
• 4. 전조선 지역공의회부터 한국교회 교계체제 확립 전까지(1931-1962) = 30
• 1) 천주교요리문답 = 30
• 2) 노인문답 = 33
• 3) 교리강의(신조편,성사편),가톨릭 교리 해설(신조편,성사편) = 33
• (1) 교리강의(신조편,성사편) = 33
• (2) 가톨릭 교리 해설(신조편,성사편) = 37
• 4) 교부들의 신앙 = 37
• 5) 천주교회의 신학 = 40
• 6) 가톨릭 신앙의 기초 = 41
• 7) 사억인의 신앙 = 41
• 8) 진리본원 = 42
• 9) 상해 천주교 요리 상,중,하 = 43
• (1) 상해 천주교 요리 상 = 43
• (2) 상해 천주교 요리 중 = 44
• (3) 상해 천주교 요리 하 = 45
• 10) 가톨릭 입문 = 45
• 11) 가톨릭 교리,가톨릭 교리(교사용) = 46
• (1) 가톨릭 교리 = 46
• (2) 가톨릭 교리(교사용) = 49
• 12) 주일 문답 해설 상,하 = 51
• (1) 주일 문답 해설 = 51
• (2) 주일 문답 해설 하 = 52
• 13) 인간의 운명 = 54
• 14) 억만인의 신앙 = 54
• 15) 신앙 해설 = 55
• 16) 그리스도의 가르침,생명의 길(통신교리교재) = 56
• (1) 그리스도의 가르침 = 56
• (2) 생명의 길 = 57
• 5. 한국교회 교계체제 확립부터 2백주년 사목회의 전까지(1962-1984) = 59
• 1) 교리실화 = 59
• 2) 가톨릭 요리 문답 = 59
• 3) 무엇하는 사람들인가 = 60
• 4) 지성인의 교리 = 61
• 5) 오억인의 신앙 = 62
• 6) 종교교육 시리즈(Ⅰ-Ⅴ) = 62
• (1) 인생과 천주 = 63
• (2) 인생의 기원 = 63
• (3) 인생과 그리스도 = 64
• (4) 인생과 교회 = 64
• (5) 인생과 사회 = 64
• 7) 가톨릭교리교본 = 64
• 8) 가톨릭 신학 개설 = 66
• 9) 신앙으로 가는 길 = 67
• 10) 가톨릭 교리 해설 = 68
• 11) 가톨릭 사상 강좌 상,하 = 70
• 12) 가톨릭 교리서,가톨릭 교리서 해설 = 70
• (1) 가톨릭 교리서 = 70
• (2) 가톨릭 교리서 해설 = 73
• 13) 그리스도 안에 형성함 = 73
• 14) 빛을 찾아서 = 74
• 15) 신앙과 생활 = 74
• 16) 가톨릭 신앙 입문,가톨릭 신앙 입문 해설 = 77
• (1) 가톨릭 신앙 입문 = 77
• (2) 가톨릭 신앙 입문 해설 = 80
• 17) 생활하는 신앙인 = 80
• 18) 교리 문답 = 81
• 19) 그리스도의 가르침(가톨릭 성인 교리서,예비자 교리서) = 82
• (1) 그리스도의 가르침(가톨릭 성인 교리서) = 82
• (2) 그리스도의 가르침(예비자 교리서) = 84
• 20) 간추린 교리문답 = 85
• 21) 공교요리문답 = 86
• 22) 그리스도교란 무엇인가? = 86
• 23) 하나인 믿음 = 87
• 24) 하느님의 부르심 = 88
• 25) 천주교 입문교리 = 89
• 26) 그리스도교 교리 강좌 = 90
• 27) 간추린 생활 교리 = 91
• 28) 구도의 길(교사용,신자용) = 92
• 29) 견진 교리서 = 94
• 30) 초대받은 당신(강의록) = 95
• 31) 예비자 교리 안내서 = 96
• 32) 예비자 교리교안(성인용) = 97
• 33) 믿음의 길 = 98
• 34) 믿는이의 편지 = 99
• 35) 천주교 교리 = 101
• 6. 2백주년 사목회의부터 가틀릭 교회 교리서까지(1984-1992) = 102
• 1) 초대받은 당신(예비자 교리서) = 102
• 2) 생활 교리 = 103
• 3) 자습교리 = 104
• 4) 성령의 빛을 따라서 = 104
• 5) 성서와 교리교육 = 105
• 6) 주여 당신을 두고 누구를 찾아 가겠습니까 = 107
• 7) 가톨릭 입문 = 108
• 8) 하느님의 사람들, 견진교리교재 = 109
• (1) 하느님의 사람들 = 109
• (2) 견진교리교재 = 110
• 9) 예수 그리스도와 함께,예수 그리스도와 교회 = 110
• (1) 예수 그리스도와 함께 = 110
• (2) 예수 그리스도와 교회 = 111
• 10) 해방하시는 하느님 = 111
• 11) 우리 안에 계시는 그리스도 = 114
• 12) 예비자 교리 교안집 = 115
• 13) 현대 그리스도인의 신앙과 삶 = 116
• 14) 가톨릭 교회의 가르침 ①-⑥ = 117
• 15) 가톨릭기초교리 291문답 = 119
• 16) 신앙 생활(1-4) = 120
• (1) 예수님과 함께 = 120
• (2) 신앙 공동체 = 121
• (3) 하느님 나라의 일꾼 = 122
• (4) 사랑의 친교 = 122
• 17) 가톨릭 교리(현대 성인 구도자를 위한) = 123
• 18) 가톨릭 교리 요약 = 124
• 19) 성인 예비자 교리(교사용) = 125
• 20) 가톨릭 교회 교리서 = 127
• 7. 교리서에 대한 평가 = 135
• Ⅲ. 한국교리서의 편찬을 위한 연구 = 141
• 1. 천주가사 = 141
• 2. 천주교요리문답의 개정 요구 = 143
• 1) 신앙 전파에 진보 있기를! = 143
• 2) 개정이 필요한 한국의「교리 문답」 = 143
• 3) 새로운「문답책」이 요청되고 있다 = 145
• 4) 교리 문답과 교회 일치 운동 = 145
• 5) 신자들은 자신을 재검토 할 때다 = 146
• 3. 가톨릭 교리서의 활용 = 147
• 1) 현대인과 신학의 방향 -「가톨릭 교리서」신론을 중심으로 = 147
• 2) 교회에 관한 교리 강의안 = 148
• 3) 교리 계명편의 윤리신학적 고찰 = 149
• 4) 성사교리 교육의 기본문제 = 150
• 4. 교리서들의 통합 = 151
• 5. 사목회의 의안「교리교육」 = 152
• 6. 토착화 연구 발표회 : 교리교육의 토착화 = 153
• 1)「어제의 한국 교회 교리교육의 실상」을 중심으로 = 153
• 2)「오늘의 한국 교회 교리교육의 실상」을 중심으로 = 155
• 3)「오늘 한국 교회 교리교육의 문제점」을 중심으로 = 155
• 4)「한국 교회 교리교육의 교과 내용 문제」를 중심으로 = 157
• 5)「한국 교회 교리교육의 토착화 전망」을 중심으로 = 158
• 7. 예비자 교리서에 대한 일반적 대안 = 159
• 8.「가톨릭 교회 교리서」의 한국어 번역 = 160
• Ⅳ. 결론 = 152
• 참고문헌 = 167
• 부록 : 한국천주교의 교리교육사 연표 = 175
• ABSTRACT = 276