주화도입 이전 화폐사용 양상 = A Study on the Use of Money before the Introduction of Coinage - Utensil Money and Weighed Silver in the Archaic Greece -

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

There were various money used in Near East before coin was introduced. Among that, utensil money and weighed silver are taken notice as precondition of introduction of coinage. Utensil money and weighed silver had established weight system in Near East before coin was introduced, in particular weighed silver used in international trade and then lead steps in the path of introduction of coinage. And how about Greece? Weighed silver remained a controversial issue, but one obvious thing is that money mostly used in archaic Greece was utensil money.
Utensil money which were utensils people used as money in daily life included tripod, cauldron, spit and so on. Tripod and cauldron were mostly used among people of the upper class who could afford to possess them in large quantities. Spits were found in many sanctuaries and tombs throughout Greece. They are thought to have been used to skewer sacrificial animals. Among the spits used as a skewer, obeliskon drachma which was composed of six spits suggest that it was used as money.
Spits had an effect on small denomination system of Aigina weight system. This system became small denomination of weight system of Corinth and Athens, playing a crucial part in establishing obol and drachma that weighed light among Greek coins. Although utensil money that circulated thoughout Greece, spits included, was more or less inconvenient, it had a function as money in Greece.
I examined Kroll and Schaps’s research to seek an answer to whether weighed silver was used in Greece or not, but have not found a sufficient ground for it. First of all, the fact that haksilber found in Near East was not been discovered in Greece during the period, Prof. Temellis’s argument that hakgold doesn’t support the existence of haksilber in Geece, and the meaning of‘stasimon’ and argument on Naukraroi, are all insufficient to support the existence of internal economy based on silver bullion in Greece.
If silver-based economy had existed in Greece, coin would not have been circulated as rapidly as in ancient Near East. In other words, with no silver-based economy, coin was rapidly spread and adopted in more societies. There were some fundmental factors that made coin introduced into Greece. First, large denomination of weight system introduced from the ancient Near East was added to small denomination of weight system formed from spits in Greece. In addition, existing utensil money was uncap able of adapting itself to advancing economic condition. Lastly, internal economy based on silver bullion didn’t exist in Greece. Under the circumstances like this, the use of coin introduced from Lydia encouraged Greek society to accept coin rapidly and thereafter, to use it more widely than other society.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 서론
• Ⅰ. 도구화폐
• Ⅱ. 칭량은
• 결론
• 【Abstract】