『쟌다크』에 나타난 들뢰즈와 가따리의 전쟁 기계: 마크 트웨인의 문어 문화 비판 = Deleuze`s and Guattari`s War Machine in Joan of Arc: Mark Twain`s Critique of Literacy

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Since the late twentieth century we have witnessed the rapid de-territorialization of existing concepts and boundaries French philosophers, Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari in their 1980 book A Thousand Plateaus Capitalism and Schizophrenia, designate the generator of de-territorialization as "the war machine." They explain that the war machine constantly undermines established territories, surfacing the amorphous fluidity of molecular dimension. Deleuze`s and Guattari`s innovative code, "the war machine," illumines the affirmative aspect of Mark Twain`s novel Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc (1896). Joan of Arc has been often estimated as a failed history novel because Twain`s writing transgresses four conventional norms of literacy-rationality, objectivity, authenticity and reliability. Twain has his four major characters--Joan, Sieur Louis de Conte, the Paladin and Bishop Cauchon--function as the war machine in his text. Their transgression disintegrates the suppression of the rigid norms, animating Twain`s text with vitality. Through deconstructive and self-reflexive writing, Twain problematizes the finitude of literacy and admonishes the danger it can bring about. In addition, all four characters can be defined as schizophrenic, which Deleuze and Guattari have suggested as idealistic condition pregnant with fluid mutability. Thus, Deleuze and Guattari`s recent theory discloses a true account Twain`s harbinger transgression, which has been incomprehensible through existing theories` Twain conscientiously tries to examine the cause of social evil and offer a cure to rehabilitate social justice.