소비기한 표시제에 관한 법제 비교와 관련 판례 법리에 대한 고찰 = A comparison of ‘the Use by Date’ labeling system and a review of related precedents

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In Republic of Korea, since 1985, the 「Food Sanitation Act」applied the 'Sell by Date Labeling System', which allows the sale of products to consumers from the date of manufacture. However, with the development of food manufacturing technology, it has been proven that the product is safe to consume if the storage method is followed even after the Sell by Date has passed. In this situation, the Sell by Date labeling system causes confusion by making consumers recognize the Sell by Date as the time of disposal. As a result, food waste increased and it became a cause of hindering the recycling of surplus food. Accordingly, Republic of Korea also revised the 「Act on Labeling and Advertising of Foods, Etc.」 on August 17, 2021 and replaced it with the Use by Date labeling system, and its enforcement is scheduled for January 1. 2023.
Among the countries that use the Use by Date earlier than Republic of Korea, Germany and Japan classify the type of food according to the rate of spoilage and deterioration, and subdivide the Use by Date. In Germany, the storage method is well observed so that if the food is not spoiled, it can be consumed under the responsibility of the consumer. On the other hand, in the case of the United States, the Use by Date for conventional foods has been marked using various terms. However, in the United States, it was recently recommended to unify the ‘Best if Used by Date’ because various labels are rather confusing to consumers.
In the case of Republic of Korea, the Sell by Date system has not been subdivided, and it is still pointed out that there is still a lack of improvement in awareness of food manufacturers, distributors, and consumers about the situation in which the Sell by Date is replaced by the Use by Date. Therefore, in Republic of Korea, I think it is desirable to unify the Use by Date. In addition, it is necessary to prepare and promote guidelines of the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety on the Use by Date for the food industry and consumers.

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