Two-mode Fiber with a Reduced Mode Overlap for Uncoupled Mode-division Multiplexing in C+L Band

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

We proposed a two-mode fiber (TMF) design that can effectively reduce the mode overlap between LP 01 and LP 11 modes by using a W-shaped index profile core structure, which is a primary concern in uncoupled mode division multiplexing (MDM). TMF has a three-layered core structure; central circular core, inner cladding, and outer ring core. We confirmed that in an optimal structure the LP 01 mode was highly confined to the central core while the LP 11 mode was guided along the outer ring core to result in a minimum overlap integral. We used a full-vectorial finite element method to estimate effective index, differential group delay (DGD), confinement loss, chromatic dispersion, and mode overlap controlling the parameters of the W-shaped structure. The optimized W-profile fiber provided optical characteristics within the ITU-T recommended standards over the entire C+L band.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 C. Koebele, "Two mode transmission at $2{\times}100Gb/s$, over 40 km-long prototype few-mode fiber, using LCOS-based programmable mode multiplexer and demultiplexer" 19 : 16593-16600, 2011

2 K. Nakajima, "Transmission media for an SDM-based optical communication system" 53 : 44-51, 2015

3 D. M. Marom, "Switching solutions for WDM-SDM optical networks" 53 : 60-68, 2015

4 K. Oh, "Silica optical fiber technology for devices and components: design, fabrication, and international standards" John Wiley & Sons 2012

5 B. Brixner, "Refractive-index interpolation for fused silica" 57 : 674-676, 1967

6 J. Zhao, "Polarization-maintaining few mode fiber composed of a central circular-hole and an elliptical-ring core" 5 : 261-266, 2017

7 R. Ryf, "Mode-division multiplexing over 96 km of few-mode fiber using coherent $6{\times}6$ MIMO processing" 30 : 521-531, 2012

8 K.-P. Ho, "Mode coupling and its impact on spatially multiplexed systems" 17 : 1386-1392, 2013

9 K. Takenaga, "Large effective-area few-mode multicore fiber" 24 : 1941-1944, 2012

10 M. Park, "Independent control of birefringence and chromatic dispersion in a photonic crystal fiber using two hollow ring defects" 284 : 4914-4919, 2011

11 이용수, "Highly Birefringent and Dispersion Compensating Photonic Crystal Fiber Based on Double Line Defect Core" 한국광학회 20 (20): 567-574, 2016

12 O. Bands, "From O to L: The future of optical-wavelength bands" 83-85, 2008

13 P. Sillard, "Few-mode fibers for mode-division-multiplexed systems" 32 : 2824-2829, 2014

14 P. Sillard, "Few-mode fiber for uncoupled mode-division multiplexing transmissions" Optical Society of America 2011

15 N. Riesen, "Few-mode elliptical-core fiber data transmission" 24 : 344-, 2012

16 L. Gruner-Nielsen, "Few mode transmission fiber with low DGD, low mode coupling, and low loss" 30 : 3693-3698, 2012

17 N. Kumano, "Development of a non-zero dispersion-shifted fiber with ultra-low dispersion slope" 22 : 1-6, 2002

18 M. Kasahara, "Design of three-spatial-mode ring-core fiber" 32 : 1337-1343, 2014

19 F. Ferreira, "Design of few-mode fibers with arbitrary and flattened differential mode delay" 25 : 438-441, 2013

20 L. Ma, "Design and fabrication of low loss hole-assisted few-mode fibers with consideration of surface imperfection of air holes" 34 : 5164-5169, 2016

21 N. Hanzawa, "Demonstration of mode-division multiplexing transmission over 10 km two-mode fiber with mode coupler" Optical Society of America OWA4-, 2011

22 A. W. Snyder, "Coupled-mode theory for optical fibers" 62 : 1267-1277, 1972

23 Corning, "Corning SMF-28 optical fiber product information"

24 "Characteristics of a non-zero dispersion-shifted single-mode optical fibre and cable, ITU-T G.655"

25 "Characteristics of a Cut-Off Shifted, Single-Mode Fibre and Cable, ITU-T Std. G.654"

26 R.-J. Essiambre, "Capacity limits of optical fiber networks" 28 : 662-701, 2010

27 Y.-M. Jung, "All-fiber spatial mode selective filter for compensating mode dependent loss in MDM transmission systems" Optical Society of America W2A-, 2015

28 L. Schares, "A throughput-optimized optical network for data-intensive computing" 34 : 52-63, 2014

29 M. Bigot-Astruc, "$125{\mu}m$ glass diameter single-mode fiber with Aeff of $155{\mu}m$ 2" Optical Society of America OTuJ2-, 2011