Older Adults Used Fewer Home Care Services during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Findings from a Secondary Analysis of an Urgent Survey in Japan

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Background: This study aimed to identify reduced home care use among older people and its impact on user numbers and service provider revenues during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: We conducted this secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from long-term care providers in Japan and estimated the probability of client cancellations and service contraction for institutional and home care services adjusted for the service type, area, size, infection occurrence, and staff employment impacts. We then estimated the rate of change in user numbers and revenue related to reduced usage. Results: Seventy-two percent of home care providers experienced client cancellations and 42.1% experienced service contraction, both of which were more prevalent in home care than in institutional care (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=11.09 and 1.60). Home-visit (AOR=0.70) and short-term stay (AOR=0.38) services were less likely to experience client cancellations compared with adult day services. Service contraction was less likely in home-visit services (AOR=0.60) but were more likely in short-stay services (AOR=1.49) compared to adult day services. The estimated reductions in user numbers and revenue related to service contraction for adult day services were 9.1% and 7.1%, respectively. Home-visiting services decreased by an estimated 3.4% owing to service contraction. Conclusion: The secondary effects of the COVID-19 pandemic include reduced use of home care services, especially adult day services that include social contact. These secondary effects of the COVID-19 pandemic may cause functional deterioration in non-infected clients and financially impact service providers.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Garfin DR, "The novel coronavirus(COVID-2019)outbreak : amplification of public health consequences by media exposure" 39 : 355-357, 2020

2 Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare, "Survey of the suspension of operations at disabled welfare service providers" Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare

3 Expert Committee on Pandemic Coronavirus Infection Control, "Situation analysis and recommendations for the control of new coronavirus infections" Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare

4 Mahoney KJ, "Self-direction of home and community-based services in the time of COVID-19" 63 : 625-628, 2020

5 Dawson WD, "Mitigating the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak: a review of international measures to support community-based care" International Long Term Care Policy Network

6 World Health Organization, "Mental health and psychosocial considerations during the COVID-19 outbreak" World Health Organization

7 Steinman MA, "Meeting the care needs of older adults isolated at home during the COVID-19 pandemic" 180 : 819-820, 2020

8 Simard J, "Loneliness and isolation in long-term care and the COVID-19 pandemic" 21 : 966-967, 2020

9 Japan Federation of Kaigo Business Providers, "Impact of the new coronavirus on the business situation" Japan Federation of Kaigo Business Providers

10 Sepulveda-Loyola W, "Impact of social isolation due to COVID-19 on health in older people : mental and physical effects and recommendations" 24 : 938-947, 2020

11 Zi Ying Koh, "Impact of Coronavirus Disease on Persons with Dementia and Their Caregivers: An Audit Study" 대한노인병학회 24 (24): 316-320, 2020

12 Omura T, "Geriatric practice during and after the COVID-19 pandemic" 20 : 735-737, 2020

13 Mertens G, "Fear of the coronavirus(COVID-19) : predictors in an online study conducted in March 2020" 74 : 102258-, 2020

14 Hitomachi Lab, "Emergency survey on the effects of COVID-19on care and support for the older adults and the approaches and efforts on the frontline" Hitomachi Lab

15 Orellana K, "Day centres for older people : a systematically conducted scoping review of literature about their benefits, purposes and how they are perceived" 40 : 73-104, 2020

16 Masui H, "Current issues in long-term care policy and research : toward the promotion of evidence-based policy" 68 : 34-44, 2019

17 Chu CH, "Competing crises : COVID-19 countermeasures and social isolation among older adults in long-term care" 76 : 2456-2459, 2020

18 Iritani O, "Clusters of COVID-19 in long-term care hospitals and facilities in Japan from 16 January to 9 May 2020" 20 : 715-719, 2020

19 Soong-nang Jang, "Care Inequality among Older Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic" 대한노인병학회 24 (24): 229-231, 2020

20 Lim WS, "COVID-19 and older people in Asia : Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia calls to actions" 20 : 547-558, 2020

21 Yeung TA, "COVID-19 and older adults : experience in Hong Kong" 15 : 1-6, 2020

22 Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare, "Business overview of long-term care providers in FY2019" Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare

23 Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare, "Attention to prevent the spread of infection in social welfare facilities" Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare

24 Naruse T, "A logic model for evaluation and planning in an adult day care for disabled Japanese old people" 17 : 2061-, 2020