Sporulation of Several Biocontrol Fungi as Affected by Carbon and Nitrogen Sources in a Two-Stage Cultivation System

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The development of fungal biopesticides requires the efficient production of large numbers spores or other propagules. The current study used published information concerning carbon concentrations and C:N ratios to evaluate the effects of carbon and nitrogen sources on sporulation of Paecilomyces lilacinus (IPC-P and M-14) and Metarhizium anisopliae (SQZ-1-21 and RS-4-1) in a two-stage cultivation system. For P. lilacinus IPCP,the optimal sporulation medium contained urea as the nitrogen source, dextrin as the carbon source at 1g/L, a C:N ratio of 5:1, with ZnSO4·7H2O at 10 mg/L and CaCl2 at 3 g/L. The optimal sporulation medium for P. lilacinus M-14 contained soy peptone as the nitrogen source and maltose as the carbon source at 2 g/L, a C:N ratio of 10:1, with ZnSO4·7H2O at 250 mg/L, CuSO4·5H2O at 10 mg/L, H3BO4 at 5 mg/L, and Na2MoO4·2H2O at 5 mg/L. The optimum sporulation medium for M. anisopliae SQZ-1-21 contained urea as the nitrogen source, sucrose as the carbon source at 16 g/ L, a C:N ratio of 80:1, with ZnSO4·7H2O at 50 mg/L,CuSO4·5H2O at 50 mg/L, H3BO4 at 5 mg/L, and MnSO4·H2O at 10 mg/L. The optimum sporulation medium for M. anisopliae RS-4-1 contained soy peptone as the nitrogen source, sucrose as the carbon source at 4 g/L,a C:N ratio of 5:1, with ZnSO4·7H2O at 50 mg/L and H3BO4 at 50 mg/L. All sporulation media contained 17g/L agar. While these results were empirically derived, they provide a first step toward low-cost mass production of these biocontrol agents.

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