단기간의 과훈련이 여자대학교축구선수의 기분변화에 미치는 영향 = The Influences of Acute Overtraining on The Mood States of Female University Soccer Players

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구의 목적은 실제 훈련현장에서 여자대학교 축구선수들을 대상으로 기분상태검사지(POMS)를 사용하여 단기간의 과훈련이 여자대학교 축구선수들의 심리적 변화에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 사전-사후-추적 단계와 프로파일로 알아보는데 있다. 본 실험에 참가한 피험자들은 Y대학교 여자 축구선수 14명과 W대학교 8명 총 22명으로 이들은 정상훈련군(11명)과 과훈련군(11명)으로 각각 주어진 훈련프로그램에 참가하였다. 피험자들의 평균 연령은 21.2세이며, 평균 운동경력은 6년 8개월이었다. 본 연구의 실험설계는 집단(정상훈련군, 과훈련군)과 시간(사전, 사후, 2시간 후, 2일 후, 그리고 10일 후)에 대해 반복측정 이원분산분석과 사후검증을 실시했다. 종속변수는 긴장, 우울, 분노, 활력, 피로, 혼란, 그리고 총 정서장애이다. 본 연구결과 평상시보다 훈련 양을 증가시켜 훈련을 시켰을 때 여자대학교축구선수들의 심리적 부정적 정서인 긴장, 우울, 분노, 피로, 및 혼란점수에서 증가되었고, 긍정적 정서인 활력점수는 감소되는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 총정서장애 점수는 증가되었다. 따라서 본 연구결과를 종합해 보면 과훈련은 부정적 심리상태를 유발시키며, 운동량의 과도한 증가는 심리적으로 심한 정서장애를 유발시키며 이러한 현상은 훈련이 끝난 후에도 여자선수들에게 후유증으로 남는다는 것을 보여주었다. 특히 과훈련을 시켰을 때 여자선수들의 기분이 부정적으로 변한다는 것은 경기력 저하의 원인이 된다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of acute overtraining on psychological changes of female university soccer players by using POMS with before-after-follow up steps respectively. Twenty-two female university soccer players were participated in this study. Their ages ranged from 20 to 22, with a mean age of 21.2 years, and mean experience of 6 years and 8 months. Subjects were divide into two group. Data was analyzed using two-way ANOVAs with repeated measures of group (overtraining and normal) and time (before, after training, 2 hours after training, 2 days after training, 10 days after training). Dependent variables were tension, depression, anger, vigor, fatigue, confusion and TMD (total mood disturbance). The results of this study indicated that the overtraining group had a significantly higher score than normal group in tension, depression, anger, fatigue, confusion and TMD. The result was that the overtraining group demonstrated significantly higher score in tension, depression, anger, fatigue, confusion and TMD but lower score in vigor, relative to normal training group. The results of this study indicated that overtraining induces negative affective state right after training and even this affective state have been maintained even few days after training. This implies that negative affect induced by overtraining would be a potential factor that negatively influence on soccer performance.

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