헝가리의 신화

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Generally the myth can be defined as a set of interrelated stories, which explain humanity's place in the universe and society. Each myth is the product of a nation and its culture. It reflects the values and the history of a specific society. Although there is no agreement among experts about how to define myths, it remains certain that it is a body of traditional and contemporary beliefs. It is needless to say myth is not a simple fiction, but a real story of a nation who had tried to solve its own problems. In this presentation I will briefly summarize the mythological elements of the Hungarian people and their view of world and society. Then I make a study its acculturation in the contemporary Hungarian literature. The most important hungarian myths will be analyzed in the 2nd chapter. Such as the origins and order of the world and 'magor', the 'creator' of the whole world. There are two different myths about the starting point: the Legend of the Miraculous Stag and of the Turul Bird. Although, Hungarian myth melted with other nations' one, the Hungarians have their traditional and historical characteristics of their own. In the 3rd chapter, I made a special focus on the process of the acculturation of the myth to the contemporary Hungarian literature. For example, Arany János wrote some mythological masterpieces on the Magyars and the Huns. It was a critical metaphor on the situation that Hungary tried to take independence from the Habsburg Empire. His outstanding works were 『Buda halála』, 『Csaba trilógiája』etc. Moricz Zsigmond and Ady Endre concentrated their literary focuses on the myth, in the first half of the 20th century, the very beginning of the Hungarian contemporary Literature.
The Myth, in a primitive society, that is in its original living form, is not just a tale. It is a reality. These stories are of an original, greater, more important reality through which the present life, fate, and mankind are governed. This knowledge provides man with motives for the contemporary life and literature.