The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of the group counseling program for elementary school children's prosociality and self-esteem.
To achieve this goal, the following hypotheses were built.
Hypothesis Ⅰ : I assumed that it would sh...
The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of the group counseling program for elementary school children's prosociality and self-esteem.
To achieve this goal, the following hypotheses were built.
Hypothesis Ⅰ : I assumed that it would show stronger prosociality in the children of the experimental group who participated in the group counseling program for children's prosociality rather than in the children of the control group.
Hypothesis Ⅱ : I assumed that it would show stronger self-esteem in the children of the experimental group who participated in the group counseling program for children's prosociality rather than in the children of the control group.
Ⅱ-1. I assumed that it would show stronger general self-esteem in the children of the experimental group who participated in the group counseling program for children's prosociality rather than in the children of the control group.
Ⅱ-2. I assumed that it would show stronger social self-esteem in the children of the experimental group who participated in the group counseling program for children's prosociality rather than in the children of the control group.
Ⅱ-3. I assumed that it would show stronger family self-esteem in the children of the experimental group who participated in the group counseling program for children's prosociality rather than in the children of the control group.
Ⅱ-4. I assumed that it would show stronger academic self-esteem in the children of the experimental group who participated in the group counseling program for children's prosociality rather than in the children of the control group.
To test above hypotheses of this study, I firstly selected children through individual counseling and parental consent with teachers' recommendation among 330 six-grade students of D elementary school located in Busan metropolitan city after I explained the purpose and characteristics of this study. For the study object, I selected 16 children who had similar test results after their pretest, and each 8 students were arranged in the experimental group and control group. The students of experimental group were supposed to have the group counseling program for children's prosociality 2 times a week, and each time was fixed for 50 minutes totally making up 10 times per 5 weeks, while control group had no conditions.
The test design of this study adopted the pretest and posttest control group design, and the experimental group was supposed to have the group counseling program for children's prosociality including the prosociality pretest and posttest or self-esteem test to define the effects of the program.
In this study, the group counseling program for children's prosociality was based on ‘school counseling program for the senior elementary school student’ written by Jin-ryung Kang(2004), and each session was suitably reorganized in terms of regional peculiarity of the school and children's characteristics referring to ‘school life adjustment program’ written by Sung-woo Kim(2001) and ‘school counselling for school adjustment’ published by elementary counselor research association.
This study used the 'prosociality measurement scale' made by Seung-hee Huh(2006) as the prosociality questionnaire, and as the self-esteem questionnaire I used the 'children self-esteem inventory' made by Coopersmith(1967), which was later adapted by Chan-gu Hwang(1988) and revised by Kyung-hye Yu(2002) to test the effects of this program.
For statistical analysis, I compared the pre-score of the experimental group and control group by t-test, and conducted an analysis of covariance(ANCOVA), which compares the total figure of post-inspection between the experimental group and control group setting pre-inspection as its covariant.
After this program was finished, I attached the opinions of children, guider and their teacher to the appendix to make up for the statistical result.
The result under this study comes as follows.
First, this study showed progressive effects of the group counseling program for children's prosociality on the six-grade students' prosociality.
The group counseling program for children's prosociality seemed to have a progressive effect on the six-grade students' prosociality, because it showed a significant difference in the prosociality(F=81.54, p<.001) after comparing the result of the experimental group which had the group counseling program for children's prosociality with the control group which didn't,
Second, this study showed progressive effects of the group counseling program for children's prosociality on the six-grade students' self-esteem.
The group counseling program for children's prosociality seemed to have a progressive effect on the six-grade students' self-esteem, because it showed a significant difference in the general self-esteem(F=16.41, p<.01), social self-esteem(F=12.61, p<.01), and academic self-esteem(F=5.99, p<.05) after comparing the result of the experimental group which had the group counseling program for children's prosociality with the control group which didn't,
As the result of this study, the group counseling program for children's prosociality had a significant effects for improving elementary school students' prosociality or self-esteem.
Therefore, it would be required to have a constant interest in the importance of the group counselling for children's prosociality or self-esteem.